Ogandaganda izinto ezisindayo ezihambayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhambisa ukungcola okuningi kanye nokulinganisa inhlabathi elahliwe emalolini alayishayo asakhiwa. Nokho, azigcini nje ekwakheni ngoba zingasetshenziselwa izinto zokuhamba ezihamba ibanga elifushane ukuze kuthuthwe izinto ezisindayo, ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo, ukubhidliza, nokulima.
Ogandaganda badinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu komuntu akufanele ayekethise lapho ekhetha umshini ofanele lomsebenzi. Nakuba abantu abaningi ngokuyinhloko begxile enanini likagandaganda, kunokuningi kule mishini kunezindleko.
Naka kakhulu imininingwane yogandaganda ukuze ukhethe umshini ozofeza injongo yawo iminyaka eminingi.
Cabangela umhlahlandlela ongezansi futhi ufunde ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani ugandaganda ofanele, noma ngabe umsebenzi mncane noma mkhulu.
Okuqukethwe
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yama-bulldozers
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha i-bulldozer
Izinhlobo zamagandaganda
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yama-bulldozers
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-bulldozer yalinganiselwa ku- $7480.56 wezigidi ngonyaka ka-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika-5.3% phakathi kuka-2021 no-2027.
Ziningi izinto ezinomthelela kulokhu kukhula, okuhlanganisa:
- Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obushumekwe emishinini, njengezinduku zokujabula, izinzwa, isiteringi samandla, amabhuleki amandla, nezilawuli, zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwazo kanye nesidingo.
- Ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile obamukelwa yile mishini busiza ngisho nabaqhubi abangenalwazi ukuba bayisebenzise phakathi nesikhathi esifushane, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa nezindleko.
- Izinkampani ezifuna ukunciphisa izindleko futhi zandise ukunemba komsebenzi ngokungangabazeki zizoyifuna le mishini.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha i-bulldozer
Ukukhetha i-bulldozer efanele yomsebenzi wakho kudinga ulwazi lwale mishini kanye nokucatshangelwa okumbalwa.
Usayizi nomsebenzi owenziwayo
Umuntu kufanele anqume ngobukhulu begandaganda azolithenga kuye ngomsebenzi owenziwayo. Okukhulu akuhlali kuhle.
Ukuthenga ugandaganda omkhulu womsebenzi omncane kuzoba ukumosha imali, ikakhulukazi uma umshini ungakwazi ukungena esizeni. Ngokuphambene, ukutshala imali kugandaganda omncane ukuze uphathe imisebenzi emikhulu neyinkimbinkimbi ngeke kungasebenzi futhi kubangele ukuphuka komshini kusenesikhathi.
amandla Kulinganiselwe ngo-
Imisebenzi enzima njengokuhambisa indawo yokulahla inkunkuma enkulu noma inkwali enamatshe idinga imishini emikhulu enamandla enjini engeziwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-bulldozer anamandla amancane enjini azokwanela uma umsebenzi ulula, njengokusebenza esihlabathini. Ezinye izici ezinquma amandla enjini kagandaganda zihlanganisa izinga lenhlabathi yephrojekthi, enezinga lomhlabathi eliyinselele elidinga izinjini ezinamandla amakhulu.
Umthamo we-blade
Ogandaganda banamathisele izindwani ukusika, ukugunda, ukuphusha kanye nokugoqa phambi kwempahla ugandaganda. Ogandaganda abahlukene banosayizi abahlukene be-blade, amakhono, nokulungiswa ukuze kuhambisane nomsebenzi.
Uhlobo lwe-blade namandla umuntu awukhethayo kuncike enjongweni ye-bulldozer nesisindo sezinto okufanele ziphushwe. Isibonelo, uma impahla ephathwayo inkulu, opharetha uzodinga ama-blade amade namakhudlwana angaphusha izinto eziningi ngokudlula okumbalwa.
Ngenhlanhla, ama-blade amaningi angalungiswa ukuze kwandiswe umthamo wawo futhi athuthukise ukuguquguquka kwawo ukuze afinyelele ngisho nezindawo okunzima ukuzifinyelela.
Ogandaganda abaningi banama-blade aqondile (ama-S-blades) alungele ukugredwa. Kodwa-ke, uma iphrojekthi ibandakanya ukusunduzwa komhlaba okwengeziwe, umuntu uzodinga i-bulldozer ene-U-blade noma i-universal blade egobile. Lawa ma-blades avame ukuba made futhi amakhulu ukuze kwandiswe umthamo. Ukususwa kwesithwathwa nokwakheka kwezwe kuzodinga i-power-angle-tilt blade ukunikeza isisebenzisi ukulawula okwengeziwe.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Isimo sezwe noma indawo lapho i-bulldozer izosebenza khona inquma inqola yangaphansi efanelekile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezimoto zangaphansi: ezijwayelekile nezisindayo. Ogandaganda abane-undercarriage ejwayelekile bavame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakheka kwezwe, ukwakha, neminye imisebenzi ehlobene.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isimo sezwe sitshekile noma sinamatshe, i-undercarriage esindayo iyoba yindlela engcono kakhulu. Zihlanganiswe ngensimbi ukuze zinikeze amandla aphezulu futhi zibambe amaphrojekthi anzima. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele ayazi indawo afuna ukusebenza kuyo ngaphambi kokuba athole i-bulldozer.
Ukuphepha kwemishini
Ukuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe, ikakhulukazi ekuqageleni kokwakhiwa. Uma uthenga i-bulldozer entsha, qiniseka ukuthi okunamathiselwe kwayo kuhambisana nezindinganiso zakamuva.
Umshini kufanele ube nemanyuwali okuqondakala kalula ukuze uqondise opharetha abanolwazi oluncane mayelana nendlela yokulungisa okunamathiselwe kanye nokusebenzisa umshini.
Uma uthenga ama-bulldozer asetshenzisiwe noma asetshenzisiwe, qiniseka ukuthi awanawo amamodi athile angekho encwadini angathinta ukusebenziseka nokuphepha. Kungumkhuba omuhle ukukhuluma nomnikazi wangaphambili mayelana nendlela impahla esetshenziswa ngayo.
isabelomali
Noma ngabe umuntu utshala imali kugandaganda omusha noma osetshenzisiwe, qiniseka ukuthi uyifanele imali. Yebo, umshini osetshenzisiwe uzobiza kancane, kodwa qinisekisa ukuthi usesimweni esihle futhi uvela kumthengisi othembekile.
Nakuba umshini omusha ubiza ngaphezulu, uma unakekelwa kahle, uzophumela ekubuyeni okuhle ekutshalweni kwezimali (ROI) ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungangabazi ukuqhathanisa amanani avela kubathengisi abahlukene ukuze unqume ukuthi yimuphi umshini osesimeni esihle futhi ohambisana nesabelomali esibekiwe.
Uhlobo lwe-Ripper
I-ripper itholakala ngemuva kwegandaganda. Ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlakaza izinto noma umhlaba ominyene. Amanye ama-dozer ane-multiple-shank ripper, kanti amanye ane-ripper eyodwa yokuklama.
Uhlobo lwe-ripper alukhethayo kugandaganda kuncike ohlotsheni lomsebenzi. Ake sithi umsebenzi uhilela izinto ezidinga ukudilizwa nokunyakaziswa. Isibonelo, amaphrojekthi okulima angadinga ama-ripper amaningi ukuze ahlukanise amapulazi ukuze kutshalwe kalula.
Isisindo sokusebenza
Umuntu kufanele futhi acabangele isisindo sikagandaganda. Isibonelo, uma iphrojekthi incane, ibhuldoza elincane elinesisindo sokusebenza esingu-18,000 lbs kanye nebanga lamandla amahhashi phakathi kuka-80 no-92 lizokwanela.
Ogandaganda abamaphakathi banesisindo sokusebenza esingu-46,160 lbs futhi bahlinzeka ngokufika ku-205 hp, kuyilapho ogandaganda abakhulu abanamandla asukela ku-600 kuye kwangama-850 banesisindo esingaba ngu-230,000 lbs.
Isisindo sikagandaganda esifanele sincike endaweni yomsebenzi. Imishini emikhulu yenza kangcono kumaphrojekthi amakhulu kodwa inenselele yokuthutha nokugcina.
Izinhlobo zamagandaganda
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamagandaganda umuntu angawathenga afanele izicelo zesizinda somsebenzi ezahlukene. Umshini ofanele uyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwephrojekthi.
Amadoza amasondo
Ibuye ibizwe ngogandaganda bamathayi ngoba ifakwe i-four-wheel-drive system. Ivamise ukuba nkulu kune-crawler futhi ine-hydraulic steering ecaciswe ngokugcwele ehamba nge-eksisi encane.
Amagandaganda amasondo afaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezibucayi noma ezithambile ngoba amathayi awaqinile endaweni efana namathrekhi. Futhi zilungele amaphrojekthi adinga ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka.
buhle
- Ashibhe kakhulu kunogandaganda abakhasa.
- Amasondo enza lama bulldoza kube lula ukuwahambisa ngesivinini esiphezulu kunamathrekhi.
- Kulula ukuphatha.
- Amasondo kulula ukuwashintsha noma ukuwakhanda kunamathrekhi.
bawo
- Kuyinselele kuma-wheel dozer ukuthi adlule izithiyo ezithile eziphezulu esizeni.
- Amasondo angase angakwazi ukubamba iqhwa ngokwanele.
Amadoza e-Crawler
Njengoba bebukeka njengogandaganda, babuye babizwe ithrekhi dozers. Zisetshenziselwa ukuhambisa izinto ezisindayo ekuthuthukisweni kwesiza, izimayini, nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo.
Ngokungafani ne-wheel dozer, ama-crawler dozers angakwazi ukunqamula indawo engajwayelekile futhi eminyene ngoba anokudonsa okungcono. Amathrekhi amakhudlwana afakwe ama-ripper ukuze asize ekususeni izindawo eziminyene.
buhle
- Athuthukise ukudonsa ezindaweni ezimanzi, ezineqhwa, noma ezishelelayo.
- Amathrekhi anokusebenza okuphezulu futhi awonga amandla ngenxa yezinhlelo zokudonsa ezithuthukisiwe.
- Basebenza kahle ezindaweni eziqinile nezimahlikihliki.
- Banokusabalalisa kwesisindo sobuso obufanayo.
bawo
- Banejubane eliphansi ngenxa yesistimu yabo yemishini eyinkimbinkimbi.
- Kuyinselele kakhulu ukuphatha kunamadoza anamasondo.
- Baphila isikhashana uma kuqhathaniswa.
Amadoza amancane
I-mini bulldozer ibulldozer elincane elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-compact bulldozer. Ilungele amaphrojekthi adinga ukuguquguquka okukhulu nokusebenziseka kalula kanye neziza okunzima ukuthi imishini emikhulu ifinyeleleke. Njengoba emancane, ogandaganda abancane bangenza imisebenzi efana nokusula inkatho nokugreda.
buhle
- Awonga amandla.
- Avumelana nezimo futhi ahambayo kunama-crawler dozers—angakwazi ukufinyelela izindawo ama-doza amakhulu angakwazi ukufinyelela kuzo.
- Zifaka izithuthukisi zobuchwepheshe kanye nekhabhoni elincane.
bawo
- Zinamandla amancane kunama-crawlers, okuwenza angasebenzi kahle ekuphatheni izindawo ezimbi.
Isiphetho
Ukutshala imali ezintweni ezisindayo njengogandaganda kuwumsebenzi omkhulu odinga ulwazi olufanele; ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu ngokwezimali. Abatshalizimali bafuna ukubhalisa imbuyiselo enhle ekutshalweni kwezimali kwale mishini, yingakho kunesidingo sokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi.
