Ubuchwepheshe be-PERC (passivated emitter rear contact) buyabusa amandla elanga imboni isikhathi eside. Nakuba inokusebenza kahle kwethiyori okungaba ngu-24%, ubuchwepheshe be-PERC busantuleka njengoba buholela ekulahlekelweni kokuhlanganiswa kabusha ngenxa yokuxhumana kwensimbi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obungavunyelwe buhlale phezulu ekuphenyweni kwe-photovoltaics iminyaka eminingana. Ngaphakathi kwalo mkhakha wobuchwepheshe, kubonakala kunombangi ophezulu—TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) Amaseli eSolar.
I-TOPCon ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-silicon cell cell obusiza ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokuhlanganiswa kabusha nokwanda iseli ukusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe budala i-buzz ku- amandla avuselelweko imboni.
Nawu umhlahlandlela ophelele wokusiza amabhizinisi aqonde ukungena nokuphuma kwamaseli elanga e-TOPCon, nokuthi angaguqula kanjani ukukhiqiza amandla elanga.
Okuqukethwe
Isifinyezo semakethe yomhlaba wonke yamaseli elanga
Ubuchwepheshe obusemuva kwe-TOPCon amaseli elanga
I-TOPCon amaseli elanga: Izinzuzo ezinkulu
Isiphetho
Isifinyezo semakethe yomhlaba wonke yamaseli elanga
Imakethe ye-solar cell iyahlangabezana ukudonsa okukhulu emhlabeni wonke, futhi ingafinyelela ku-Compound Annual Growth Rate noma i-CAGR ye-17.72% phakathi kuka-2022 kuya ku-2030. Ngo-2021, imakethe ye-solar cell yayilinganiselwa ku-$ 85 billion; ngo-2030 kulindeleke ukuthi idlule ku-$369 billion.
Lezi zinombolo ziyamangalisa ngenxa yokwanda kokukhathazeka ngokukhuphuka kwekhabhoni emhlabeni wonke emikhakheni ehlukene yezomnotho. Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ezayo, isidingo silindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo semithombo ehlanzekile, engahambisani nemvelo, kanye nethembekile ezonciphisa kakhulu ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.
Ngamafuphi, i iseli elanga imakethe njengamanje incintisana namanye amafutha ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphumelelayo. Esinye isici esibalulekile sale makethe ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulayo emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo kagesi, kanye nezibonelelo zikahulumeni ezifana nezintela, ikhefu lentela, njll., okukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali.
Ubuchwepheshe obusemuva kwe-TOPCon amaseli elanga
Ngaphambi kokuthi sizame ukuqonda ubuchwepheshe obusemuva kwe-TOPCon amaseli elanga, ake sibheke kafushane ubuchwepheshe be-PERC–njengoba uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-PERC ne-TOPCon cell solar lufana kakhulu.
Amaseli elanga e-PERC afaka ungqimba olwengeziwe lwe-dielectric passivation ngemuva kweseli oluthwebula imisebe yelanga eyengeziwe, eyibonisa eseli yelanga ukuze iguqulelwe kugesi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli elanga e-PERC: -type kanye nohlobo lwe-P.
Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kohlobo lwe-p nohlobo lwe-n-uhlobo lwe-PERC iseli liku-athomu i-wafer yabo ye-silicon ehlanganiswe ngayo, okuthinta inombolo yawo yama-electron. Kuhlobo lwe-p-PERC amaseli, i abicah ungqimba lufakwe nge-boron, okusho ukuthi kukhona ukushoda kwe-electron eyodwa, okwenza iseli lishajwe kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaseli e-PERC ohlobo lwe-n afakwe i-phosphorus, okusho i-electron eyengeziwe, okwenza ishajwe kabi. Ngamafuphi, amaseli e-PERC ohlobo lwe-n ngokuvamile asebenza kahle kakhulu kunamaseli ohlobo lwe-p.
Manje, ake sidlulele kumaseli elanga e-TOPCon.
Amaseli elanga e-TOPCon asebenzisa isendlalelo se-micro-nano tunneling oxide kanye nesendlalelo sangaphakathi, esikhethiwe, se-polysilicon ngemuva. Futhi, isitaki se-dielectric kanye nesendlalelo esiphikisana ne-reflection sidlula isiphetho sangaphambili. Ndawonye, lezi zingxenye zinikeza ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obusezingeni eliphezulu nobusezingeni eliphezulu. Ungqimba oluncane lwe-silicon lusebenza njengongqimba lwe-surface passivation, oluvumela ukuthuthukiswa okukabili ekusebenzeni kwe-passivation kanye nokuhamba kukagesi, okunciphisa ukuhlanganisa kabusha komhlaba ongaphansi.
Amaseli e-TOPCon afana namaseli elanga e-n-PERC. Ngakho-ke, ngokungafani nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha obunamandla, i-PERC ekhona amaseli elanga ingathuthukiswa kalula kumaseli elanga e-TOPCon ngokungeza isendlalelo sokudlula se-tunnel oxide. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemigqa ekhona ye-PERC futhi kunikeza izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezibuyekeziwe.
I-TOPCon amaseli elanga: izinzuzo ezinkulu
I-TOPCon ubuchwepheshe beselula obuthembisayo obungangena esikhundleni sobunye ubuchwepheshe embonini, obufana ne-PERC/PERT ne-HJT, obungena ngokushesha emkhawulweni wabo wokusebenza kahle noma obuza nezindleko ezibalulekile zesikhathi eside. Nazi izinzuzo ezimbili ezibalulekile ze-TOPCon amaseli elanga angayisiza ibe yinsakavukela maduze nje.
Umkhawulo ophezulu ophezulu wokusebenza kahle
I-TOPCon amaseli elanga zibonakalisa iyindlela ekhangayo njengoba amabhizinisi elangazelela obunye ubuchwepheshe bamaseli elanga anezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, izinqubo ezingenzima kangako, namandla aphezulu okusebenza kahle.
Amaseli elanga e-TOPCon afaka i-silicon yohlobo lwe-N, enikeza kokubili ukusebenza kahle nokuzinza, ngokungafani nobunye ubuchwepheshe embonini yamandla elanga enezinkinga ezifana ne-LID ephezulu kanye nokuwohloka kwe-LeTID.
Ucwaningo oluningana zithole umkhawulo ophezulu wokusebenza kahle kwethiyori we-TOPCon amaseli elanga azungeze ama-28.2 kuya ku-28.7%. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kukhulu kakhulu kunamaseli e-PERC, emi ku-24.5%. Futhi ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kuholela kokuningi amandla ukuvuna endaweni ngayinye.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza evumelana nezimo
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-TOPCon ifana nenguqulo eguquliwe yamaseli e-PERC. Ngakho, amaseli elanga e-TOPCon angenziwa kalula ngokungeza izinqubo ezimbalwa ezengeziwe kuzinqubo zokukhiqiza ze-PERC ezivuthwe kahle nemigqa yomkhiqizo. Lokhu kuhambisana phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubili kusho ukuthi ukwamukela i-TOPCon ubuchwepheshe ifinyeleleka kalula kulabo asebesebenzisa amaseli e-PERC.
Isiphetho
Amaseli elanga e-TOPCon anikeza inhlanganisela yokusebenza kahle okungenakuqhathaniswa, izindleko zemali ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa, kanye nekhono lokungena kalula kumapharamitha akhona wokuklama amamojula. Nakuba obunye ubuchwepheshe bohlobo lwe-n-solar cell njenge-IBC ne-HJT bukhona, bufuna imigqa yamaseli ehlukile kanye nezindleko ezinkulu zekhephithali. Ngakho-ke, i-TOPCon amaseli elanga kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa..
Izinkampani eziningana zamamojula elanga, okuhlanganisa i-LONGi ne-TrinaSolar, sezivele zibuyekeze imigqa yazo yokukhiqiza, futhi eziningi zihlela ukwenza kanjalo maduze. Ngakho-ke, imboni yamandla avuselelekayo ingalindela ukuthi i-TOPCon ikhule futhi ibe yindawo yonke njengobuchwepheshe be-PERC.
