Cabanga ukuthi ungumnikazi wesitolo esithengisa imikhiqizo ku-inthanethi. Ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlezi inezinto ezanele zamakhasimende akho, kodwa futhi awufuni imikhiqizo eyeqile ethatha isikhala, ephelelwa yisikhathi noma yonakale. Unquma kanjani ukuthi zingaki izinto ongazi-oda nokuthi uzi-ode nini? Kulapho-ke hlela kabusha iphoyinti (ROP) futhi isitokwe sokuphepha ngena. Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungayibala kanjani i-ROP yakho nesitoko sokuphepha sesitolo sakho.
Okuqukethwe
Liyini iphoyinti lokuhlela kabusha?
Ungabala kanjani iphoyinti lokuhlela kabusha?
Izinzuzo zokuhlela kabusha amaphuzu anembile nesitoko sokuphepha
Okuthathwayo okubalulekile: Hlela kabusha iphoyinti kanye nokubalwa kwesitoko sokuphepha
Liyini iphoyinti lokuhlela kabusha?
The hlela kabusha iphoyinti kufana nesignali yalapho udinga ukuphinda ulungise uhlu lwakho lwamagama. Kucabange njengegeji likaphethiloli emotweni: uma ifika endaweni ethile, uyazi ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokugcwalisa kabusha. Ibalwa ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezintathu: isikhathi sokuhola, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, nesitoko sokuphepha.
1. Isikhathi sokuhola
Isikhathi sokuhola isikhathi esithathwa umphakeli ukuze agcwalise i-oda. Unquma lokhu ngokubala ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ama-oda akho afike kuwe ngemuva kokuwabeka. Isibonelo, uma ngokuvamile kuthatha u-Supplier Y izinsuku eziyi-10 kusukela ngesikhathi o-oda ngaso kuze kube lapho eletha amayunithi ayi-100 oMkhiqizo X, lokho isikhathi esiholayo kwezinsuku eziyi-10.
2. Ukusetshenziswa okumaphakathi kwansuku zonke
Ukusetshenziswa okumaphakathi kwansuku zonke inani lento ethile ethengiswa ngosuku oluyisilinganiso. Ukuze ubale, hlanganisa wonke amayunithi athengiswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bese uhlukanisa ngenani lezinsuku. Isibonelo, uma uthengise ama-300 amacala efoni ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amathathu, ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwansuku zonke okumaphakathi kuvela amayunithi ayishumi ngosuku.
3. Isitoko sokuphepha
I-Safety Stock wuhlu lwempahla eyengeziwe olugcinwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuphela kwesitoko. Kungumkhiqizo owengeziwe owugcinayo ezimeni eziphuthumayo, njengokwenyuka okungazelelwe kwesidingo noma ukubambezeleka kokulethwa. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezisetshenziswayo ukubala isitokwe sokuphepha. Abaningi ifomula evamile ngokubala ukuthi:
Isitoko sokuphepha = (ubuningi bokuthengisa kwansuku zonke × isikhathi sokuhola esiphezulu) − (isilinganiso sokuthengiswa kwansuku zonke × isilinganiso sesikhathi sokuhola).
Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukuthengisa kwakho kwansuku zonke okuphezulu kungamayunithi angu-20, isikhathi sakho esiphezulu sokuhola siyizinsuku ezingu-7, isilinganiso sakho sokuthengisa sansuku zonke singamayunithi angu-10, futhi isikhathi sakho sokuhola esimaphakathi siyizinsuku ezingu-6, isitokwe sakho sokuphepha singaba (20×7) - (10 × 6) = amayunithi angu-80.
Ungabala kanjani iphoyinti lokuhlela kabusha?
Iphoyinti lokuhlela kabusha lingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula:
Hlela kabusha Iphoyinti = (Isikhathi Esiholayo x Ukusetshenziswa Okumaphakathi Kwansuku zonke) + Isitokwe Sokuphepha
Manje, ake sicabangele isibonelo somhlaba wangempela:
Ake sithi unebhizinisi elincane lokudayisa izinsipho ezenziwe ngezandla. Isilinganiso sakho sokuthengisa singamabha angu-50 ensipho ngosuku. Isikhathi esiholayo sokuthola insipho eyengeziwe kumphakeli wakho yizinsuku ezingu-7. Ukuze uvimbele ukuguquguquka kwesidingo nesikhathi sokuhola, ugcina isitokwe sokuphepha samabha angu-100 ensipho.
Ngokusebenzisa ifomula, iphuzu lokuhlela kabusha lingaba:
Hlela kabusha Iphoyinti = (Isikhathi Esiholayo x Ukusetshenziswa Okumaphakathi Kwansuku zonke) + Isitokwe Sokuphepha
Hlela kabusha Iphoyinti = (7 x 50) + 100 = 450
Ngakho-ke, lapho izinga lakho le-inventory lehla lifinyelela kumishayo yensipho engu-450, yilapho kufanele ufake khona i-oda elisha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi unesitoko esanele sokuhlangabezana nesidingo samakhasimende ngenkathi ulinde ukuthi i-oda elisha lifike.
Izinzuzo zokuhlela kabusha amaphuzu anembile nesitoko sokuphepha
Gwema ukuphela kwesitoko
Ukuphelelwa isitoko kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende. Lokhu kungalimaza isithombe sakho futhi kulahlekelwe ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende. Nakuba ukuphelelwa isitoko kungenakugwenywa, akudingekile ukuthi kuthinte ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lakho. Ngokusetha indawo yokuhlela kabusha nesitoko sokuphepha, ungagwema ukuphela kwesitoko, uqinisekise ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngisho noma ukunikezwa kushintshashintsha noma kulibaziseka.
Yehlisa izindleko zokubamba
Izindleko zokubamba izindleko ezihambisana nokugcina nokunakekela impahla, njengerenti, izinsiza, umshwalense, izintela, ukwehla, kanye nokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Bangadla ingxenye enkulu yenzuzo yakho uma ugcina uhlu oluningi kakhulu. Zonke lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zingagwenywa. Ngokusetha indawo yokuhlela kabusha nesitoko sokuphepha, unganciphisa inani lempahla okudingeka uyibambe, ngaleyo ndlela wehlise izindleko zakho zokubamba.
Thuthukisa ukuhamba kwemali
Ukugeleza kwemali, umsuka obalulekile webhizinisi lakho, ukala imali engena iphuma emisebenzini yakho. Ngokugeleza kwemali okwanele, inkampani yakho ingagwema ukuqothuka noma ukumiswa. Enye indlela yokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwakho kwemali iwukuba wenze kahle imali yakho ukuphathwa kwempahla.
Ngokusetha indawo yokuhlela kabusha nesitoko sokuphepha, ungagwema ukuba nempahla eningi engenzi mali engenayo. Esikhundleni salokho, ungasebenzisa imali yakho ngezinye izinjongo, njengokwandisa ibhizinisi lakho, ukukhangisa umkhiqizo wakho, noma ukuqasha abasebenzi abaningi.
Khulisa izinga lenzuzo
Izinga lenzuzo liwukuthi uthengisa kaningi kangakanani futhi ushintsha i-inventory yakho ngesikhathi esithile. Izinga eliphezulu lenzuzo lisho ukuthi uthengisa imikhiqizo eminingi ene-inventory encane, okubonisa inzuzo ephezulu kanye nengozi ephansi yokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Ukusetha iphoyinti loku-oda kabusha kanye nesitoko sokuphepha kungakhuphula izinga lakho lenzuzo ngokugwema ukugcwala ngokweqile kanye nokungaphansi kwesitoko.
Thuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende
Ukwaneliseka kwekhasimende yindlela amakhasimende akho ajabule ngayo ngemikhiqizo namasevisi akho. Kubalulekile ukugcina nokuheha amakhasimende kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuthengisa kwakho nenzuzo. Ukusetha indawo yokuhlela kabusha nesitoko sokuphepha kungathuthuka ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngokuletha imikhiqizo yakho ngesikhathi, ngokugwema ama-oda angemuva noma ukukhansela, futhi uhlangabezane nalokho abakulindele.
Okuthathwayo okubalulekile: Hlela kabusha iphoyinti kanye nokubalwa kwesitoko sokuphepha
Ufunde imiqondo emibili ebalulekile kulesi sihloko: hlela kabusha iphoyinti nesitoko sokuphepha. Iphoyinti loku-oda kabusha likutshela ukuthi uyi-oda nini imikhiqizo eminingi kubahlinzeki bakho. Isitokwe sokuphepha sikutshela ukuthi yimalini ethe xaxa ongayigcina uma kunezimo eziphuthumayo.
Ungasebenzisa amafomula alula nezibonelo esikunike zona ukuze ubale lezi zinombolo zemikhiqizo yakho. Ngale ndlela, ungagwema ukuphelelwa isitoko noma ukuba nesitoko esiningi kakhulu. Lokhu kuzokwenza ibhizinisi lakho libe nenzuzo enkulu futhi amakhasimende akho ajabule.
