Ama-Spark Plugs: Konke Amabhizinisi Adinga Ukukwazi

Ama-Spark plug ayingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kahle kwemoto. Njengoba benomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthungela ingxube yesibaseli somoya enjinini, banethonya elibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenjini, okuba nomthelela oqondile ezicini ezinjengokuqalisa okubandayo nokuvimbela ukusha. 

Ngenxa yalokhu, ukubaluleka kokugcina ama-spark plug esesimweni esihle, sokusebenza angeke kugcizelelwe, njengoba ahlobana ngokuqondile namandla emoto athuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli. 

Lapha, sizohlola izinsimbi ezingemuva kwama-spark plug, sikhanyisele izinkomba okungenzeka ukuthi ziyawohloka, futhi sinikeze isiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthi kufanele zishintshwe nini.

Okuqukethwe
Ukubuka konke kwemakethe ye-spark plug
Ayini ama-spark plug, futhi asebenza kanjani?
Ingabe wonke ama-spark plug adalwe alingana?
Okufanele ukwenze ngamapulaki e-spark anephutha, futhi kufanele ashintshwe nini
Isiphetho

Ukubuka konke kwemakethe ye-spark plug

The imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-spark plug yalinganiselwa ku-US $4.9 billion ngo-2022 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika-5% phakathi kuka-2023 no-2032, sifinyelele e-US $ 7.6 billion ngo-2032.

Abashayeli ababalulekile bokukhula kwemakethe ye-spark plug kufaka ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwemishini yegesi yemvelo kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulayo kwezimoto zabagibeli emhlabeni jikelele. Njengoba isidingo sezimoto ezihwebayo nesabagibeli silokhu sikhula, nesidingo sama-spark plug sizokhula. 

Ngokwendawo, isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific siyimakethe ehamba phambili ye-spark plug yesifunda. Ikhuthazwa ukwanda kwe-e-commerce, isidingo siyaqhubeka nokukhula kuzo zonke izimboni zezokuthutha, ezokwakha, nezimayini esifundeni. 

Ayini ama-spark plug, futhi asebenza kanjani?

Ama-Spark plug anomsebenzi owodwa oyinhloko: ukuthungela ingxube yesibaseli somoya ngaphakathi kwamasilinda enjini. Lokhu kubasela kudala ukuqhuma okulawulwayo okukhiqiza amandla okuqhuba imoto.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ipulaki yenhlansi iqukethe igobolondo, isivikelo, nama-electrode, asebenza ndawonye ukuze akhe inhlansi egumbini lokubasa lenjini. Ake sihlolisise lezi zingxenye:

1. Isivikelo: Le ngxenye ivala i-electrode emaphakathi, itheminali, kanye ne-center shaft, ivimba ugesi okhiqizwayo ukuthi ungaphumi ku-spark plug.

2. Isikhumulo: Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nentambo ene-tension ephezulu, okunikeza indlela yokuthi ugesi usuke ekuthutheni. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-terminal nut, ekhiphekayo, yenza i-spark plug ihambisane cishe nanoma iyiphi intambo edonsa kanzima. 

3. Indandatho, iwasha yokupakisha: Lokhu kudala isivalo esingangenisi ngokulungisa isivikelo nezindlu ndawonye.

4. I-shaft emaphakathi (isiqu): Le ngxenye ixhuma i-electrode emaphakathi netheminali. Zenziwe ngensimbi, ezivumela ukuthi zibambe ama-high-voltage currents.

5. Izindlu: Leli igobolondo langaphandle elizungeze isivikelo. Indlu iphinde isekele isivikelo futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi i-spark plug ingena kahle ngaphakathi enjinini. I-electrode yomhlabathi ihlala phansi kwendlu, ivumela ukugeleza kwamanje kusuka enjini kuya ku-electrode ephakathi.

6. I-Glass seal: Lokhu kuhlala phakathi kwe-insulator kanye ne-centre shaft ukuze kubambe umoya ungangeni.

7. I-Gasket: Le ngxenye idala ukulingana okuqinile eduze kwendlu kanye negumbi lomlilo.

8. I-Electrode: Ama-electrode e-sparkplug enziwa nge-nickel ekhethekile ukuze kukhawulwe ukulimala kokuguga. I-Copper iphinde ivalwe engxenyeni ephakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqhutshwa kokushisa.

9. I-electrode ephakathi: Lokhu kwehlisa amandla kagesi enhlansi, kunciphisa umphumela wokucisha, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuthungela, futhi kusiza ukuvikela izinhlansi ezifanele.

10. I-U-groove ground electrode: I-electrode yomhlabathi yenziwe nge-nickel chrome, esiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuthungela.

11. I-electrode yomhlabathi ye-tapered: Le ngxenye yehlisa umphumela wokucisha, isiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-spark plug.

Manje sizobheka ukuthi ama-spark plugs asebenza kanjani:

• Ukuqaliswa kwenqubo yokubasa: I-spark plug idala inhlansi kagesi phakathi negebe lama-electrode aphansi lapho ipiston yenjini ifika phezulu ekucindezeleni kwayo. Le nhlansi ikhiqizwa ngogesi ohlinzekwa yisistimu yokuthungela imoto.

• Ukukhipha ugesi: Ukukhishwa kukagesi onamandla amakhulu phakathi kwegebe le-spark plug kudala ukuqhuma okuncane kodwa okunamandla kagesi. Iphinde yenze i-ionize ingxube yamafutha omoya egumbini elivuthayo, iyenze ibe umzila we-conductive.

• Ukuqala komlilo: Indlela yokuqhuba ivumela amandla kagesi ukuthi aphindaphindeke ngengxube yamafutha omoya, akhuphule ngokushesha izinga lokushisa kwawo. Yilokhu kunyuka kwezinga lokushisa okhela ingxube futhi kuqalise ukusha. 

• Ukukhiqiza amandla: Ingxube yesibaseli somoya ikhula ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuthungela, idale igagasi lokucindezela okukhulu eliphusha iphiston liye phansi. Lokhu kunyakaza okuya phansi kukhiqiza amandla emishini eyanele ukushayela amasondo emoto.

• Ukushabalalisa ukushisa: Ama-Spark plug aklanyelwe ukuqeda ngokushesha ukushisa okunamandla okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusha. Eqinisweni, isivikelo se-ceramic sisiza ukuvikela igobolondo lensimbi kugesi ophakeme we-electrode emaphakathi, ukuvimbela ukuvuza kukagesi futhi uqondise amandla enhlansi egumbini elivuthayo. 

Ingabe wonke ama-spark plug adalwe alingana?

Impendulo elula ithi cha. Ama-Spark plugs ayahlukahluka ngokwakhiwa, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezici. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela ezintathu ezilula zokuthi amabhizinisi ahlukanise ama-spark plugs ahlukene: isistimu yezinombolo, izinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokucushwa kwe-electrode.

Nansi incazelo enemininingwane yesigaba ngasinye nokuthi zisho ukuthini:

Uhlelo lwezinombolo

Uhlelo lwezinombolo luyindlela eyodwa yokuhlukanisa ama-spark plug. Ipulaki ngayinye iza nekhodi ehlukile emele ukucaciswa kwayo, okuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi athole okulingana nawo okulungile noma ukushintshwa.

Amakhodi ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye eziyisithupha. Nakhu okumele ngakunye:

1. Ingxenye yokuqala yekhodi imele igobolondo le-spark plug, uchungechunge, nokuphakama. Nakuba amasayizi amaningi entambo ekhona, amaningi aqondene ngqo nezicelo zomenzi. Liphinde lisho iphimbo, elikala izikhala phakathi kweziqongo zentambo. Amanye amakhodi ajwayelekile afaka:

2. Ingxenye yesibili yekhodi imele ukwakhiwa kwe-spark plug. Nokho, le ngxenye yekhodi ingaba nohlamvu olungaphezu kolulodwa ukukhombisa izici eziningi ze-spark plug. Nawa amanye amakhodi:

Qaphela: I-“LR” kukhodi yepulaki ye-spark ye-BLR5ES isho ukuthi ipulaki iwuhlobo oluhlangene futhi olumelana

3. Ingxenye yesithathu yesegimenti ibonisa ububanzi bokushisa be-spark plug. Abakhiqizi bawabeka ku-2 (okushisa kakhulu) kuya ku-12 (okubanda kakhulu). Ngakho, "5" kukhodi ye-BLR5ES ifanele izimo zokushisa ezimaphakathi.

4. Uhlamvu olulandelayo noma izinhlamvu zisho ukufinyelela kwe-spark plug. Lokhu kufinyelela kusho ukulinganisa phakathi kokuphela kwegobolondo lensimbi elinentambo kanye ne-electrode yaphansi ethiphu lepulaki.

Qaphela: Ngakho-ke, u-“E” ku-BLR5Es ukhombisa ukufinyelela okungu-19mm (¾”)

5. Ingxenye elandelayo yekhodi ibonisa ukwakhiwa kokuphela kokudubula kwepulaki. "Ukuphela kokudubula" noma "ithiphu" inquma ukuphuma kwe-electrode emaphakathi, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komlilo. Kunezigaba ezine zamathiphu okudubula:

• Amakhefu: Isiphetho sokudubula sibekwe ngaphakathi kwegobolondo, sinikeza isivikelo sezinjini zomjaho kanye nokumelana nokudlidliza okuqinile

• Okungahlosiwe: Isiphetho sokudubula silinganiswa kakhulu nesiphetho segobolondo elinentambo. Ithiphu emfishane uma kuqhathaniswa iqinisekisa ukumelana nokudlidliza kwethiphu ye-electrode kanye nokubamba okushisayo okusebenzayo.

• Okulindelwe: Isivikelo ne-electrode emaphakathi zinwebeka ngale kwegobolondo elinentambo, ngokuvamile ngo-1.5mm. Lokhu kuchayeka kudala inhlansi eduze nendawo yegumbi lomlilo.

• Okulindelwe okwengeziwe: Lawa mapulaki anikeza ukuqagela kusuka ku-2.5mm kuya ku-10mm noma ngaphezulu. Abakhiqizi bavame ukudala okuhlukile kwangokwezifiso kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zemishini ethile. Qaphela ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingalungile zingalimaza izinjini.

6. Okokugcina, amanye ama-spark plug angase abe nedijithi ekupheleni kwekhodi yawo. Le nombolo ikhombisa usayizi wegebe odingwa yi-spark plug.

Qaphela: Amakhodi abalwe ngenhla ayizibonelo ezimbalwa kuphela kweziningi

Materials

Kuye ngokucaciswa komkhiqizi, isikhungo se-spark plug kanye nama-electrode aphansi enziwe ngezinto ezahlukene. Izinto ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswayo zifaka ithusi, iplatinum, i-iridium, neplatinamu ephindwe kabili.

Into ngayinye inezinto ezihlukile ezizoba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwe-spark plug.

1. Ithusi: I-Copper, ehlanganiswe ne-nickel alloy coatings, inikeza ukuhamba kahle kukagesi, isiza ekukhiqizeni inhlansi ephumelelayo. 

buhle

• Ilungele amamodeli amadala, okungcono kusukela ngo-1980 noma ngaphambili
• Inikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kumamotho ane-turbocharged
• Isebenza kahle kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokucindezela okuphezulu

bawo

• Idinga ukushintshwa njalo ngenxa yesikhathi sokuphila esifushane
• Idinga i-voltage eyengeziwe

Inani

• Ingabiza noma yikuphi phakathi kuka-US $2-10 ucezu ngalunye

2. IPlatinum: Amapulagi e-platinum spark afana nabanduleli bawo bethusi, ngaphandle kwe-copper core, i-electrode ephakathi yenziwe nge-platinum disc ehlanganiswe nethiphu.

buhle

• Ihlala isikhathi eside kune-copper plug (isikhathi eside sokuphila)
• Idizayini inciphisa ukunqwabelana kwekhabhoni
• Inikeza ukusebenza okungaguquki

bawo

• Ibiza kakhulu kune-copper spark plugs

Inani

• Cishe i-US $ 10 ucezu ngalunye

3. I-Iridium: Amapulagi e-Iridium spark afika nama-electrode amaphakathi amancane futhi adinga i-voltage encane ukuze akhe inhlansi. Njengoba izimoto ezintsha ezinezinjini ezisebenza kahle zivame ukufaka amapulagi e-iridium spark, ukwehliselwa kwe-platinum noma okuhlukile kwethusi kungase kuholele ekusebenzeni okuncishisiwe.

buhle

• Ukuqina okwenyuka ngobulukhuni obungavamile kanye nokumelana nokugqoka
• Ubude bempilo ende
• Idinga i-voltage encane
• Iqinisekisa ukusha okuphelele

bawo

• Kubiza kakhulu kunezinye izinto ze-spark plug

Inani

• Noma yikuphi kusuka ku-US $20-100 ucezu ngalunye

4. I-platinum ephindwe kabili: Amapulagi e-platinum spark amabili afaka phakathi nendawo nama-electrode aphansi aneplatinum. Zivame kakhulu ezinjinini zesimanje, ezidinga ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokuthungela.

buhle

• Ilungele ukushiswa kwenhlansi okumoshiwe
• Ukuqina okwengeziwe
• Ukusebenza okuthembekile

bawo

• Ibiza kakhulu kune-copper kanye neplatinum eyodwa

Inani

• Cishe ama-US $20 ucezu ngalunye.

Ukucushwa kwe-Electrode 

Ama-Spark plug anokulungiselelwa okuhlukile kwe-electrode okungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwawo nokusebenza kahle kwawo. Nansi imiklamo evame kakhulu:

• 1. I-electrode eyodwa: Kulokhu kucushwa okuyisisekelo, ipulaki ye-spark ine-electrode ephakathi nendawo eyodwa kanye ne-electrode eyodwa yaphansi. Kuwumklamo olula ofanele izinjini ezijwayelekile ezinezidingo zokusebenza okusesilinganisweni.
• 2. Ama-electrode amaningi aphansi: Amanye ama-spark plug afaka ama-electrode amaningi aphansi azungeze i-electrode ephakathi. Ama-electrode aphansi angeziwe athuthukisa ukuqina kwenhlansi futhi athuthukise ukuthembeka kokuvutha.
• 3. I-electrode ye-Fine wire: Amapulagi e-fine spark spark ane-electrode emaphakathi ezacile eyenziwe ngezinsimbi eziyigugu njengeplatinum noma i-iridium. I-diameter encishisiwe ye-electrode emaphakathi yenza inhlansi igxile kakhudlwana, ikhuthaze ukuvutha okuphumelelayo nokusebenza okungcono kwenjini.
•  
• 4. I-Surface discharge electrode: Lokhu kulungiselelwa kufaka i-electrode yomhlabathi eyisicaba, evumela inhlansi ukuthi iphumele ngaphandle kunokuba igxume igebe. 

Yini okufanele uyenze ngama-spark plugs anephutha, futhi kufanele ashintshwe nini?

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-spark plugs awasebenzi kahle ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukusebenza kwawo. Nazi ezinye izizathu ezivamile zokuthi kungani ama-spark plugs alahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle:

1. Ukuguga nokuguguleka: Ama-electrode e-spark plug ahlangabezana nokuguga nokuguguleka ngemva kokushiswa okuphindaphindiwe kwengxube yesibaseli somoya senjini. Ukuphuma kukagesi okungapheli kukhiqiza ukushisa, kancane kancane kuguguleke izindawo zama-electrode. Le nqubo inyusa igebe lama-electrode, inciphisa ikhono le-spark plug ukukhiqiza inhlansi enamandla nengashintshi.

2. Ukuhlambalaza: Amadiphozithi asuka enqubweni yokushiswa, njengekhabhoni, uwoyela, nokunye ukungcola, anganqwabelana kuma-electrode we-spark plug kanye nesivikelisi. Lawa madiphozithi akha isendlalelo esivimbela ikhono lenhlansi lokugxuma igebe le-electrode, linciphise ukusebenza kwe-spark plug.

3. Ingcindezi yokushisa ne-thermal: Ama-Spark plugs asebenza endaweni eyingozi kakhulu futhi achayeka ekushiseni okukhulu kanye nengcindezi yokushisa ngesikhathi sokusha kwenjini. Imijikelezo yokushisisa nokupholisa ephindaphindiwe ingabangela izingxenye ze-spark plug ukuthi zikhule futhi zinciphe, okungase kuholele ekuqhekekeni noma ekulimaleni, kuqhubeke kwehlise ukusebenza.

4. Ukumelana nogesi: Izingxenye zangaphakathi ze-spark plug zingathuthuka ukumelana nogesi ngenxa yokugqwala noma ukuguga. Ukumelana okuphakeme kuvimbela ukuhamba kwamandla kagesi, okuholela ezinhlansini ezibuthakathaka, ezingaholela ekulimaleni kabi kanye nokuncipha kokusebenza kahle kwenjini.

5. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-insulator: I-insulator ezungeze i-electrode ephakathi inganciphisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezimo zokusebenza ezinzima. Ukuqhekeka noma ukuwohloka kwempahla yesivikelo kungalimaza ikhono le-spark plug lokugcina ukufakwa kwe-voltage efanele, okuholela ekushayweni kabi okungaba khona.

6. Ukukhula kwegebe: Njengoba i-spark plug iguga futhi iguguleka, igebe lama-electrode liyakhula, okudinga amandla kagesi aphezulu ukweqa ibanga elikhulu. Lesi sidingo esikhulayo sikagesi singacindezela isistimu yokuthungela, okungase kuholele ekungasebenzini kahle kwesistimu yokuthungela.

Isiphetho

Ama-Spark plug abalulekile empilweni yanoma iyiphi injini yemoto, futhi okuhlukile okuningana kuthinta ukuthi angadinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha kangakanani. Nakuba izinkinga ze-spark plug zingase zibonakale zingabalulekile ekuqaleni, ukusebenzisa ipulaki engalungile kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima kakhulu.

Ngokujabulisayo, ama-spark plugs amaningi angahlala isikhathi esiqinile noma imayela, okunciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa njalo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela noma yiziphi izinkinga ezibalwe kulesi sihloko, kuhle ukuthi uzishintshe ngokushesha. 
Ukuze uthole uhla olukhulu lwama-spark plug nezinye izesekeli zemoto nezingxenye, vakashela Cooig.com.