Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokugoqa intambo ziyatholakala emakethe. Le mishini inamakhono namanani ahlukene. Isidingo semishini yokugoqa intambo besilokhu sikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka, yingakho abakhiqizi abaningi belwela ukuhlangabezana nesidingo. Ukutholakala kwemikhiqizo eminingi yemishini yokugoqa intambo kwenza kube nzima ukuthola imishini yokugoqa intambo ephelele.
Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokugoqa intambo etholakalayo kanye nendlela yokwenza khetha umshini ofanele. Ukwengeza, izokhuluma ngesabelo semakethe semakethe yemishini egoqa intambo kanye nenqubo yemishini.
Okuqukethwe
Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yemishini yokugoqa uchungechunge
Inqubo yokugoqa uchungechunge
Izinhlobo zemishini yokugoqa intambo
Umhlahlandlela wokukhetha imishini efanelekile yokugoqa intambo
Isifinyezo
Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yemishini yokugoqa uchungechunge
Imakethe yemishini yokugoqa intambo yomhlaba wonke ihlukaniswe ngokususelwa ohlotsheni lwemishini, ngemboni yesicelo, nangesifunda. Eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi inyuke kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokufakwa kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe emishinini ngabadlali ababalulekile emakethe. Abanye balaba bakhiqizi yiTsugami China, Nakamura Jico Co. Ltd., kanye neTobest.
Kususelwa ku I-OEC umbiko ngo-2020, imakethe yemishini yokugoqa intambo yomhlaba wonke yabiza u-USD 93.4 wezigidi. Lokhu bekumele ukwehla ngo-21.6% ukusuka enanini elingu-USD 119 million ngo-2019. Lokhu kwehla kwenani lemakethe kudalwe ukwehla kokwamukelwa kwemishini yokugoqa intambo emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, isidingo sale mishini kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule ngenxa yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene njengezimoto, i-electronics, nezokwelapha.
Ngo-2020, abathekelisi abahamba phambili bemishini yokugoqa intambo bekuyi-Italy ku-USD 18.1 million, Taiwan ku-USD 17.4 million, Japan at USD 16.4 million, China at USD 11.8 million, and Germany at USD 9.86 million. Abathekelisi abaphezulu bekuyi-China enenani elingu-USD 14.4 million, i-US ku-USD 10.8 million, i-India ku-USD 6.01 million, Thailand ku-USD 5.91 million, kanye neSouth Korea ku-USD 3.52 million.
Inqubo yokugoqa uchungechunge
Ngokuvamile, ukugoqa intambo kuyinqubo yokubumba insimbi lapho okungenalutho komshini kucindezela phakathi kokufa okuzungezayo. Iphrofayili yochungechunge olungenalutho lugxilwa kuma-dies. Njengoba okungenalutho kungena ngama-dies, insimbi igeleza emigodini yokufa. Lokhu kubangela iphrofayili yochungechunge ku-workpiece. Umucu osikiwe uphazamisa ukwakheka kwengxenye yokusanhlamvu kuyilapho ukubanda kusebenza ingxenye egoqiwe kuyayiqinisa. Ukuze uthole ububanzi obufanele obungaphandle (amayintshi angu-0.375), izikhala kufanele zenziwe ngomshini noma zigaywe zibe ububanzi bephimbo elithile ngaphambi kokugingqika kwentambo.
Izinqubo zentambo evamile zihlanganisa:
– I-Thru-feed: intambo egoqayo yezingxenye ezinobude bentambo edlula ububanzi be-dies'.
– I-Infeed: izingxenye zentambo ezigoqekayo lapho ubude bentambo bufushane kunobubanzi be-dies'.
– I-Infeed/thru-feed: intambo enezinyathelo ezimbili egoqekayo yobude bentambo emide lapho kuncishiswa khona imicu eyingxenye noma engaphelele.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokugoqa intambo
1. Umshini wokugoqa intambo eyisicaba
Umshini wokugoqa intambo eyisicaba inezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko ezihlanganisa ibha yekhondatha, ingalo ephushayo, kanye namafa amabili ayisicaba lapho eyodwa ilungisiwe futhi enye ihlehliswa iye emuva naphambili ngomshini wohlobo lwe-crank. I-flat dies iza nephrofayili yochungechunge efakwe kuyo kanye nenye iphrofayili yochungechunge ethambekele ekuphakameni kwentambo abangayidala.
Izikhala ezizocutshungulwa ziphethwe yibha yomqhubi, eqinisekisa ukuthi zigcinwa zisendaweni efanele. Futhi, i-conductor bar ithambekele endaweni yokuthi lapho ihlangana nezikhala, amandla adonsela phansi awadonsele phansi aye ngasengalweni ephushayo. Ingalo ephushayo iphoqa izikhala zibe isikhala phakathi kwefulethi elinyakazayo nelimile. Intambo yenziwa lapho idayi ehambayo iqhubekela phambili futhi izikhala zigoqeka ngenxa yamandla ashayisanayo enqubo.
2. 2-die cylindrical thread rolling machine
Umshini wokugoqa intambo eyicylindrical eyi-2-die inokuhlukahluka okuthathu okubandakanya okuphakelayo, okuphakelayo, kanye nenhlanganisela ye-infeed & thru-feed. Imishini ekhipha amanzi inama-parallel dies amabili azungeza ohlangothini olulodwa nangesivinini esifanayo. Ifa elilodwa lilungisiwe kanti elinye linokunyakaza kwezinhlangothi. Inqubo yokuginqika incike ekungqubuzaneni ukuze uzungezise okungenalutho. Kulesi simo, ukunyakaza kwe-lateral kulungiswa ukuze kusethe i-pitch yentambo kanye nobubanzi.
Izingxenye ezinentambo emide njengezikulufu zomthofu kanye ne-studding zidalwa yinqubo ye-thru-feed. Ngokuphawulekayo, imicu emikhulu idinga ukudlula okukodwa ukukhiqiza imicu ephelele. Kunemishini ehlanganisiwe engavumela izinqubo zokugoqa intambo ye-feed kanye ne-thru-feed.
3. 3-die cylindrical thread rolling machine
A 3-die cylindrical thread rolling machine iza ngezinhlobonhlobo ezintathu. Okubili kokuthathu kuyafa kuyalungiswa ngenkathi eyesithathu ihamba iqonde noma ibheke eceleni ngokusekelwe ekuhlelweni komshini. Umshini wokugoqa we-cylindrical cylindrical 3-die ulungele ngokukhethekile izinto ezinentambo emide njengezikulufu zomthofu.
4. Umshini wokugoqa intambo yeplanethi
A umshini wokugoqa intambo yeplanethi inezikhala ezifakwe emshinini wokugoqa intambo eyisicaba. Umshini unama-dies amabili lapho i-die eyindilinga ijikeleza futhi idayi egobile ilungisiwe. Eminye imishini yokugoqa intambo yeplanethi iqukethe amasegimenti amaningi agobile abekwe azungeze idayizi eliyindilinga. Lesi sici siqinisekisa amanani aphezulu okukhiqiza.
Umhlahlandlela wokukhetha imishini efanelekile yokugoqa intambo
I-1. Izindleko
Izindleko zifaka phakathi inani lokuthenga lokuqala, izindleko zezinsiza, nezindleko zokulungisa izinto zokusebenza. Ngokwesilinganiso, imishini yokugoqa intambo iyatholakala ngamanani cishe I-USD 5,000. Izinto ezifakwayo kanye nesidingo somugqa wokukhiqiza sinquma uhlobo lomshini wokugoqa intambo ozothengwa. Abathengi kufanele bacabangele isabelomali sabo lapho betshala impahla esebenza kahle yokugoqa intambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ngokujwayelekile baqinisekise ukuthi akukho mvuthuluka, izindleko zamathuluzi eziphansi, kanye nefomula yezabasebenzi ephansi ukuze kwehliswe kakhulu izindleko.
2. Ukuqonda
Ikhwalithi yokugcina yentambo egoqiwe incike ekunembeni komshini wokugoqa intambo. Ngaphandle kokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukunemba kunqunywa inqubo yokulungiselela izikhala ezizofakwa intambo. Ngokwejwayelekile, ukuginqika kwentambo kususa impahla, ngakho ububanzi bokungenalutho ngokuvamile buba buncane kunobubanzi bochungechunge olugoqiwe oluqediwe. Kulokhu, ukunemba okumaphakathi kungafinyelelwa uma izikhala zenziwa ngomshini ngokubekezelela okuqinile cishe Amasentimitha angu-0.0005. Kunesinye isincomo sokufaka a I-37-degree i-chamfer ecushwe ekugcineni kwesigaba ngasinye ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuqoshwa kanye nokucishe I-45-degree i-chamfer yokugcina.
3. Amandla
Ukufakwa kokusebenza okubandayo ekugingqeni intambo kukhulisa amandla okubamba okungenani ngo-30% ngaphezu kwezintambo ezisikiwe. Imicu egoqiwe inamandla okukhathala athuthukile kusukela 50% kuya 75%. Kulokhu, izintambo azibonisi ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhathala ngisho noma zishiselwe I-500 degrees IFahrenheit. Eminye imishini ikhiqiza izintambo eziqinile ezingadingi ukwelashwa okushisa ngaphandle okubizayo. Ngokuvamile, izintambo ezigoqiwe zibushelelezi futhi azikwazi ukulimaza lapho ziphathwa.
4. Ijubane
Isivinini sokuginqa intambo singakhuphuka siye phezulu 200 amamitha ngomzuzu lapho usebenza ezintweni ezifana nensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu nethusi. Nokho, abathengi bangathola imiphumela engcono ngokusebenzisa isivinini esinensayo. Amarola ochungechunge angafinyelela isivinini esibalulekile lapho irola ebanjelwe kusibambi inamathiselwe kusilayidi esiphambanayo ngenkathi yethulwa ngokukhazimulayo noma nge-tangentially. Ijubane lihamba kancane uma i-roller ibanjwe esitulweni sokushwiba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kokuqina kombambi ohlotsheni lwe-swing.
5. Izinto ezisebenzayo
Kubalulekile ukukhetha impahla efanele ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi yemicu ekhiqizwayo. Ngokuvamile, uma impahla iqinile, iba nzima ngokulinganayo ukusongwa, okungase kuthinte impilo yesevisi yezimpahla ezifayo. Futhi, njengoba abathengi bethenga imishini yokugoqa intambo, kufanele baqaphele ukuthi amaphrofayili angenalutho aphumela kuma-oval angenalutho ngenxa yamandla ahilelekile. Ngokwesilinganiso, into efanelekile kufanele ibe nobude obuncane 12%, ubulukhuni obukhulu cishe I-40 HRC, kanye namandla amakhulu okudonsa 1079 MPA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwe-dies', ezinye zinezingubo ezinjenge-CVD ne-PVD.
Isifinyezo
Imishini yokugoqa uchungechunge ngokuvamile iyonga kakhulu ngenxa yempilo ende yesevisi yokufa. Njengoba kunesidingo esincane sokunakekelwa, imishini inamazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza. Ukwengeza kuzinto ezishiwo kumhlahlandlela ongenhla, abathengi kufanele bacabangele izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ezibekelwe ama-pitches namasayizi wentambo. Ukuthola imishini yokugoqa intambo yekhwalithi, vakashela Cooig.com.
