AbakwaVolkswagen batshala imali ecishe ibe ngamabhiliyoni angama-200 eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo ekuqiniseni isimo semakethe yezimoto zabo zikagesi (EV). Naphezu kokwehla kancane kwesamba esiphelele sokulethwa, iVolkswagen isalokhu inethemba ngemuva kokuthola ukwenyuka ngo-26% ekuthengisweni kwe-BEV ka-2022.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali okulangazelela kwenkampani kuzogxila ekufakweni kwedijithali nasekufakeni ugesi njengoba ihlose ukuguqukela esimweni sezimoto esidijithali ngenkathi isheshisa ukutholwa kwe-EV. I-Volkswagen inokukhishwa okuningi okujabulisayo okuzayo, njenge-ID.7 ne-Audi Q8 e-tron; ingxenye yokuphusha kwayo ukuthi imoto ngayinye yesihlanu idayiswe emhlabeni wonke ukuze ibe ngogesi ngokugcwele ngo-2025.
Le nkampani isiphinde yaqala amapulatifomu amabili (nabanye ababili abasemisebenzini) ukusingatha i-EV lineups yabo. Inkundla ye-MEB kwakuyinkundla yokuqala ye-Volkswagen EV yeqembu, kanti inkundla ye-PPE ne-SSP kulindeleke ukuthi ithathe indawo yayo maduze. Yize i-JI bekuyinkundla yabo yesibili ukwethulwa, isebenza kakhulu njengesakhiwo esizimele sama-Porsche nama-Audi EV.
Lesi sihloko sizohlola izinkundla zeVolkswagen Group ze-MEB, J1, PPE, kanye ne-SSP nokuthi zibonisa kanjani ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ekwenzeni igxathu elibalulekile emakethe yokuncintisana ye-EV.
Okuqukethwe
Iyini inkundla ye-MEB?
Iyini inkundla ye-J1?
Ibuyekezwa kangakanani inkundla ye-PPE?
Liyini ikusasa le-SSP?
Isiphetho
Iyini inkundla ye-MEB?
I-Modular Electric Drive Matrix (MEB) iyinkundla yeVolkswagen esheshayo eklanyelwe izimoto zikagesi. Iphinde isebenze njengesisekelo samamodeli ahlukene kagesi ezinkampanini ezahlukene zeVolkswagen Group kanye nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo.
Ngesikhathi sokubhala, iplatifomu ye-MEB isekela amamodeli abalulekile ayisishiyagalolunye, iVolkswagen Group kanye nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo zikhiqiza eziyisishiyagalombili zazo. Izimoto ezilandelayo sezinayo noma zizosingatha inkundla ye-MEB:
- Volkswagen ID.3 (2019 - okwamanje)
- I-Volkswagen ID.4 (2020 - okwamanje)
- I-Skoda Enyaq IV (kufaka phakathi okuhlukile kwe-Coupe) (2020 - okwamanje)
- Volkswagen ID.5 (2021 - okwamanje)
- I-Audi Q4 e-tron (okuhlukile kwezemidlalo kufakiwe) (2021 - okwamanje)
- U-Cupra Born (2021 - okwamanje)
- I-Audi Q5 e-tron (2021 - okwamanje)
- I-Volkswagen ID.6 (2021- okwamanje)
- I-ID yakwaVolkswagen. I-Buzz (kufaka phakathi okuhlukile kwe-Cargo) (2022 - okwamanje)
- I-Ford Explorer EV (iqala ngo-2023)
- I-Volkswagen ID.7 (iqala ngo-2023)
- I-Cupra Tavascan (iqala ngo-2024)
Yiziphi izici zale nkundla?
Ukungafinyeleli
Inkundla ye-MEB iyakaleka kakhulu, inika amandla ukukhiqizwa kwe-EV kuzo zonke izingxenye namasayizi ahlukahlukene. Ingakwazi ukumumatha izimoto ezihlangene, ama-sedans, ama-SUV, nezimoto ezinkulu njengamaveni. Lokhu kulinganisa kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kokukhiqiza kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
Ukubekwa kwebhethri
Iphakethe lebhethri elihlanganisiwe lihlala phansi endaweni yemoto endaweni ye-MEB. AbakwaVolkswagen babiza leli lungiselelo “ngomklamo we-skateboard.” Lokhu kubekwa okuyingqayizivele kwehlisa isikhungo semoto esinamandla adonsela phansi, kuyenze izinze ngokuthuthukisa ukuphatha. Kodwa akugcini lapho: futhi kwakha isikhala esiningi sangaphakathi sabagibeli nempahla.
Ibanga kanye nezinketho zokusebenza
Inkundla ye-MEB isekela osayizi abahlukene bebhethri nokulungiselelwa kwe-powertrain, okuvumela i-Volkswagen ukuthi inikeze amabanga okushayela ahlukahlukene kanye nezinketho zokusebenza. Mayelana namabhethri, inkundla ingakwazi ukumumatha amandla ahlukene ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zemakethe futhi inikeze izinketho zama-EV amafushane nabude bebanga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlinzeka ngezinketho zokusebenza ezihlukene ngokusekela idrayivu yamasondo angemuva yemoto eyodwa noma ukusetha kwe-dual-motor wonke-wheel drive.
Amandla wokushaja
Izimoto ezisekelwe ku-MEB zingasekela amazinga ahlukene wokushaja namandla. Abashayeli bangawakhokhisa besebenzisa ukushaja kwe-AC okujwayelekile ekhaya noma eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi. Lezi zimoto nazo ziyaseseka Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC ukuze uthole izikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha.
Ngempela, ukusebenzisana kwenkundla nengqalasizinda yokushaja okuningi kuthuthukisa ukunethezeka nokufinyeleleka kubanikazi be-EV.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwedijithali nokuxhumana
Phuma nge-analog futhi ungene ngedijithali! Inkundla ye-MEB igcizelela ukuhlanganiswa kwedijithali nezici zokuxhuma. Ngenxa yalokho, izimoto ezisekelwe ku-MEB zinika amandla ukuhlanganiswa okungenazihibe kwezinsizakalo zedijithali, amasistimu we-infotainment, nezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zosizo lwabashayeli (ADAS).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zimoto zivame ukufaka izinketho eziningi zokuxhumana, ezivumela izibuyekezo zesofthiwe esemoyeni, ukusebenza kokulawula kude, nezinye izinsiza ezihlakaniphile.
Iyini inkundla ye-J1?
Ngo-2015, i-Porsche yaqala ukuthuthukisa isiteji se-J1, isakhiwo se-modular sezimoto zikagesi ezisebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, akuzange kube ngu-2019 lapho ipulatifomu yaqala ukusetshenziswa ePorsche Taycan. I-Audi e-tron GT yabe isilandela okufanayo ngo-2020.
Inkundla ye-J1 yintsha uma kuqhathaniswa kodwa isivele yamukelwe kahle ngabagxeki nabathengi. IPorsche Taycan ithole ukunconywa ngokusebenza kwayo, ububanzi, kanye nengaphakathi eliwubukhazikhazi. Ngokufanayo, i-Audi e-tron GT yayisendleleni esheshayo eya ekuthandeni umthengi, ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho kwayo okufanayo okujabulisayo kokushayela ngentengo ethengekayo.
Ngokungafani neplathifomu ye-MEB, yilawa mamodeli amabili kuphela abamba ukucushwa kwe-J1. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe balindele ukuthi amamodeli engeziwe afakwe neplatifomu kumamodeli we-Porsche ne-Audi azayo, okungenzeka asize ukusheshisa ukutholwa kwe-EV esigabeni sokunethezeka.
Yiziphi izici zesikhulumi se-J1?
Ukusebenza okuphezulu
I-Porsche iklame inkundla ye-J1 ukuze ikwazi ukufaka amamotho kagesi anamandla, inikeze izimoto ezisekelwe ku-J1 ukusheshisa nokuphatha okuhle kakhulu. Isibonelo, iPorsche Taycan ingasuka ku-0 iye ku-60mph ngemizuzwana engu-2.6, futhi inejubane eliphezulu elingu-161mph.
Ibanga elide
Ipulatifomu ye-J1 ingakwazi ukuphatha amaphakethe amakhulu ebhethri, inikeze izimoto zayo amabanga amade okushayela. Nakuba i-Porsche Taycan izidla ngamamayela angu-201 ngokushajwa okukodwa, i-Audi e-tron GT ingahamba amakhilomitha angu-238 – okuwukunyuka kobubanzi obungaphezu kuka-30%.
Ingaphakathi likanokusho
Iplathifomu ye-J1 iziqhayisa ngezinto zangaphakathi eziwubukhazikhazi ngendlela emangalisayo, kanti i-Porsche Taycan ne-Audi e-tron GT zombili zivulekile futhi zinethezekile, zinempahla yekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuqedwa.
Ukwengeza, ingaphakathi lalezi zimoto liphinde libe nezinto ezithuthukisiwe ezahlukahlukene, njengezihlalo ezifudumalayo/ezinomoya omncane, ama-panoramic sunroof, namasistimu omsindo we-premium.
Izici zokuphepha ezisebenzayo
I-Porsche ipakishe inkundla ye-JI enezici ezihlukahlukene zokuphepha, njengamabhuleki ezimo eziphuthumayo ezizenzakalelayo, isixwayiso sokusuka emzileni, kanye nokulawulwa kohambo oluguquguqukayo, okusiza ukugcina abashayeli bephephile futhi kuvimbele izingozi.
Ukushaja okusheshayo
Inkundla ye-JI isekela kufika ku-800 volts wezakhiwo zikagesi, okuvumela isivinini sokushaja esisheshayo. Isibonelo, iPorsche Taycan ingashaja ukusuka ku-5 kuye ku-80% ngemizuzu engama-22.5.
Ibuyekezwa kangakanani inkundla ye-PPE?
Inkundla yePremium Platform Electric (PPE) imele ukubambisana okujabulisayo phakathi kwePorsche ne-Audi okuhloswe ngayo ukuletha izimoto zikagesi ezihlaba umxhwele. Bakha inkundla e-Ingolstadt nase-Weissach, futhi silindele ukubona imodeli yokuqala ifika emakethe ngo-2023.
Lapho i-Porsche ne-Audi bememezela lo mzamo ohlanganyelwe, bamemezela ukuthi imindeni emithathu yamamodeli emisha izovela endaweni yesikhulumi. I-Audi ihola emibili yale mindeni, kanti iPorsche ihola umsebenzi wesithathu. Okuhle kakhulu ngeplathifomu ye-PPE ukuthi ivumela ukwabiwa kwengxenye phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuqondisa kangcono.
Inkundla ye-PPE izolandela inkundla ye-MLB, i-Audi eyisebenzisele izinhlobo zabo zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi njenge-A4-A8 ne-Q5-Q8 series. Iplathifomu ye-PPE ngokungangabazeki iyafana nozakwabo be-MEB kanye ne-J1, futhi yakhelwe ngokuqondile izimoto ezinosayizi omaphakathi nezikhudlwana.
Njengamanje, i-Porsche Macan Electric ne-Audi A6 e-tron yizona kuphela izimoto zikagesi eziqinisekisiwe endaweni yesikhulumi se-PPE. Nokho, amathemba ajabulisayo asemnyango, njengokukhululwa okulindelekile kwe-Porsche 718 GT4 ngemva kokwethulwa kweplatifomu ngo-2023.
Yiziphi izici zeplathifomu ye-PPE?
Idijithali ephezulu
Ama-EV asuselwa ku-PPE azoba namakhono edijithali athuthuke ngendlela emangalisayo. Inkampani yesofthiwe ye-Volkswagen Group, i-CARIAD, isebenza ngenkundla entsha yedijithali yazo zonke izimoto ezisingatha inkundla ye-PPE.
I-software ye-CARIAD ezayo ye-1.2 izomemezela isistimu entsha ye-infotainment ethonywe kakhulu i-Android Automotive OS. Lolu hlelo olubuyekeziwe luzohlinzeka ngolwazi oluhlukile olufanelana nomkhiqizo ngamunye, luqinisekise ukuthi abazizwa bengaziwa kubasebenzisi.
Ukusekelwa kohlobo lweseli yePrismatic
Ngokungafani nabanduleli bayo, amamodeli asekelwe endaweni ye-PPE azofaka amamojula wephakethe lebhethri lamaseli e-prismatic. Lawa maseli aguquguquka kakhulu kunamaseli ayindilinga, asetshenziswe i-Audi ku-R8 e-tron yokuhlola.
Ngaphezu kokuhambisana kwayo nokupakishwa okuminyene, amaseli e-prismatic aqine kakhulu ngenxa yezindlu zawo ze-aluminium.
I-voltage yesistimu nobubanzi
Ama-EV ngaphansi kweplathifomu ye-PPE azofakwa amaphakethe ebhethri ahlaba umxhwele angabamba kufikela ku-100kWh. Nakuba i-Porsche ingazange inikeze imininingwane mayelana nebanga eliphezulu elihlongozwayo, i-Audi ihlose ukuthi izinhlobo zabo zikwazi ukuzuza ngaphezu kuka-700km (435 miles) ngokushaja okukodwa.
Ezinye izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zimoto zizoba ne-800-volt charge, okuvumela ukushaja okusheshayo. Nakuba babehlele ukunikeza isimo sokushaja esingu-350kW esihlaba umxhwele, izindleko zizokhawulelwa ku-270kW – kusashesha kakhulu!
Abakwa-Audi bathe ukushaja imizuzu engu-10 ngeshaja esheshayo engu-level 3 DC izonikeza ibanga elingu-300km, futhi kuzothatha ngaphansi kwemizuzu engu-25 ukushaja kusukela ku-5 kuya ku-80%.
Liyini ikusasa le-SSP?
I-Scalable Systems Platform, noma i-SSP, iyinkundla yezimoto ethokozisayo ethuthukiswa ngabakwaVolkswagen Group. Kuyingxenye yesu labo “I-Auto Entsha,” elihlose ukuba nenkundla eyodwa yazo zonke izimoto zabo ezisebenza ngogesi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo.
I-Volkswagen Group yamemezela inkundla ye-SSP ngoJulayi 2021, futhi izokwethulwa ngo-2026. Balindele ukuthi ithathe indawo yamaplathifomu amanje e-MEB ne-PPE kanye nezinkundla zenjini yangaphakathi yakwaVolkswagen.
Enye yezinto ezinhle esingazilindela ku-SSP ukwakheka kwayo kwe-modular. Izoba nenkundla evamile enamamojula ahlukene, enikeza ukuguquguquka nokuvumelana nezimo. Futhi, iVolkswagen ayibhekile ukugcina inkundla yodwa. Kunalokho, banezinhlelo zokuyinikeza abanye abakhiqizi bokunakekela.
Ngakho-ke, singabheka phambili ekuboneni izimoto ezihlukahlukene zikagesi ezakhiwe ku-SSP. Izimoto okulindeleke ukuthi zisebenzise inkundla ye-SSP zifaka, kepha azikhawulelwe kulokhu:
- Volkswagen Trinity
- I-Audi Artemis
- I-Porsche Macan EV
Yiziphi izici okufanele sizilindele nge-SSP?
Ukungafinyeleli
Inhloso eyinhloko ye-SSP iwukuba ikhule, iyivumele ukuthi isebenze ezimotweni ezahlukene ngokunganaki usayizi, umumo, nokusebenza. AbakwaVolkswagen bahlela ukufeza lokhu kukhula ngokwakhiwa kwemodular, okwenza ukushintshanisa noma ukuthuthukisa izingxenye ezihlukene kube lula.
Ukuphumelela
Yize inkundla ithembisa izici ezahlukahlukene ezidonsa amehlo, inkampani ilindele ukuthi isebenzise amandla ngobuhlakani ukuze inciphise ukumosha. Bahlose ukwenza lokhu ngokusebenzisa izinto ezingasindi, i-aerodynamics ethuthukisiwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula i-powertrain ezihlakaniphile.
Izici ezithuthukile
I-SSP izophinde ifike igcwele ukwesekwa kwezici ezithuthukile, njengeleveli 4 yokushayela okuzenzakalelayo kanye nezibuyekezo zasemoyeni.
Isiphetho
KwaVolkswagen balungiselela ukulungiswa kabusha kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi futhi banazo zonke izinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze benze lokho. Ngo-2022, iVolkswagen Group yethula izimoto zikagesi ezingama-572,100, yagcina isikhundla sayo njengomholi emakethe ye-BEV yaseYurophu.
Ngokwakhela phezu kwale mpumelelo, iVolkswagen inezinhlelo ezithokozisayo zika-2023 nangale kwalokho, yethula izinhlobo ezintsha ngaphansi kwezinkundla zayo ze-MEB, J1, PPE, kanye ne-SSP.
