Kusukela injini evuthayo yokuqala yasetshenziswa i-hydrogen eminyakeni engu-200 edlule, ubuchwepheshe be-hydrogen buye badonsa ukunaka kwabantu emhlabeni wonke. Umgomo wobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen uwukudala nokusebenzisa i-hydrogen njengomthombo wamandla ohlanzekile novuselelekayo ongasetshenziselwa ukuphehla izimoto, izindlu, kanye nezinye izinjongo zezentengiso ezihlukahlukene.
I-Hydrogen ihlukile ekhonweni layo lokuba uphethiloli ongasindi futhi ominyene ngamandla ngaphandle kokukhishwa okuqondile kokungcola okufana namagesi abamba ukushisa. Ibalulekile ngoba kulindeleke ukuthi yenze umhlaba unganciki kakhulu emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi yehlise ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa ngasikhathi sinye.
Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, cishe i-hydrogen izokwenziwa ngemithombo yamandla ehlukahlukene, igcinwe, ithuthelwe lapho idingeka khona, bese iguqulwa ibe ukushisa nogesi, okuyenza ibe umthombo oyinhloko wamandla emhlabeni.
Okuqukethwe
Isimo samanje sobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen energy
Intuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe kumandla we-hydrogen
Ikusasa lobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen energy
Amandla e-hydrogen: amandla nezinselele
Isimo samanje sobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen energy
IHydrojeni iyisithwali samandla esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi esingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene, njengezokuthutha, amakhemikhali, izinsimbi, izakhiwo, kanye nokuphehlwa kukagesi. Le mikhakha phambilini kukholakala ukuthi inzima mayelana nokunciphisa intuthu.
I-International Energy Agency (IEA) uthi ukuthi i-hydrogen isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali neye-petrochemical. Isibonelo, isetshenziselwa ukucwenga uwoyela nokwenza i-ammonia ne-methanol. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukucubungula insimbi kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla. Enye i-IEA umbiko ithi i-hydrogen iphinde isetshenziswe njengophethiloli ekuhloleni umkhathi nanjengomuthi okhipha umoya-mpilo ekwelapheni ukushisa kwezinsimbi.
Nazi ezinye izimo ezimbalwa ezengeziwe zokusetshenziswa kwamandla e-hydrogen okwamanje akhiqizwa ngobuningi noma enza inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile noma impumelelo.
- Izinto ze-warehouse: Amaseli kagesi we-Hydrogen inganika amandla amaloli ahlanzekile, ama-forklift, ama-pallet Jacks, nezinye izimoto zefektri zasendlini ezidinga ukufakwa kwe-refueling okusheshayo kanye nezikhathi ezinde zokugijima.
- I-Global supply chain: Amandla e-hydrogen anganikeza amaloli ahamba amabanga amade nezimoto ezidilivayo zendawo ububanzi namandla eziwadingayo kuyilapho enciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokungcoliswa komsindo.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwengilazi: I-Hydrogen isetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa izinto ezingavuthiwe njengesihlabathi se-silica emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, esikhundleni segesi yemvelo kanye nokwehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-elekthronikhi: I-Hydrogen isetshenziswa “njengegesi ethwalayo” ukubeka izendlalelo ezincanyana zezinto zokwakha kumawafa e-silicon, okuvumela ukwakhiwa kwamaseli elanga nama-microchips.
Ama-electrolys amadivaysi asebenzisa ugesi ukuhlukanisa amanzi abe yi-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. Lezi zixhobo zinganikeza ukuguquguquka okungcono kohlangothi lwemakethe, njengoba zingakhiqiza i-hydrogen uma kukhona ukutholakala ngokweqile kukagesi ovuselelekayo futhi zisebenzisa i-hydrogen ukuze zikhiqize ugesi lapho kushoda ugesi ovuselelekayo. Ama-Electrolys angaphinda akhiqize umoya-mpilo njengomkhiqizo. Ingasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zezimboni noma ithengiswe emakethe.
Ngokungafani nezinye imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo, i-hydrogen ingenziwa ngezibaseli eziningi ezihlukene futhi kulula ukuyihambisa ngezindlela ezihlukene. Ingabuye iguqulwe ibe ugesi. Kodwa okwamanje i-hydrogen ikhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko ezintweni ezibaswayo ezimbiwa phansi. Ngakho-ke, ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okuvela ekusetshenzisweni kwamanje kwamandla e-hydrogen i-akhawunti ngamathani angaphezu kuka-900 metric ngonyaka.
I-Hydrogen ingumthombo wamandla ahlanzekile uma wenziwe ngemithombo enekhabhoni ephansi njengamandla avuselelekayo, amandla enuzi, noma izibaseli ezimbiwa phansi ezine-carbon capture and storage (CCS). Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ukushintshela ezindleleni zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ezihlanzekile.
Namuhla, ezitshaliwe kwezobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen kanye nohulumeni ukweseka ziyavuka. Amazwe angaphezu kwama-30 anamamephu emigwaqo e-hydrogen, kanti amaphrojekthi amakhulu e-hydrogen angama-228 amenyezelwe kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani, efinyelela ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-300 zamaRandi ekusetshenzisweni kwemali ngo-2030.
Intuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe kumandla we-hydrogen
Ukuphumelela okuningana kwakamuva kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kuhlotshaniswa nobuchwepheshe bamandla e-hydrogen. Ezivelele zihlanganisa:
- UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US (i-DOE) ugxile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe obungakhiqiza i-hydrogen ibe ngu-$2 ikhilogremu ngo-2025 kanye ne-US$ 1 ngekhilogremu ngo-2030 nge-net-zero-carbon. izindlela.
- Abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseCalgary's Schulich School of Engineering baye basungula uhlobo olusha lwe-fuel cell olungasebenzisa ngokuqondile i-methane noma amanye amafutha e-hydrocarbon ukuze kuphehle ugesi ngendlela esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enezindleko eziphansi. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha be-hydrogen energy buqeda isidingo sezinqubo ezibizayo neziyinkimbinkimbi zokulungisa.
- I-hydrogen eluhlaza revolution iyashesha ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha obufana ne-electrolysis, ama-fuel cell, i-hydrogen storage, kanye ne-hydrogen blending. I-hydrogen eluhlaza i-hydrogen ekhiqizwa emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo, njengomoya nelanga.
- Inyuvesi yaseWaterloo ine athuthukile uhlobo olusha lwe-fuel cell olungahlala isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe kashumi kunalezi ezikhona. I-fuel cell isebenzisa ungqimba oluncane lweplatinamu nekhabhoni ukunciphisa ukuwohloka nokwandisa ukuqina. Lokhu kuqanjwa okusha kunamandla okunciphisa izindleko zezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell (FCVs) kuzenze zikwazi ukuncintisana nezimoto zesintu.
Ikusasa lobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen energy
Umfutho wobuchwepheshe bamandla e-hydrogen njengomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa kakhulu esikhathini esizayo awunakuyekwa. Ingadlala indima ebalulekile amandla ahlanzekile izinguquko ngokuhlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla oguquguqukayo, onekhabhoni ephansi emikhakheni eyahlukene.
Ubuchwepheshe bamandla e-hydrogen bungenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza nokusebenzisa ugesi ovela emithonjeni evuselelekayo ngezinga elikhulu kuyilapho kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Kodwa ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa, ingqalasizinda, ukuhweba, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen kuza nezinselelo ezithile.
Amandla e-hydrogen: amandla nezinselele
Izindleko eziphakeme zokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ukuthutha, ukugcinwa, nokusetshenziswa kungenye yezinselelo zobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen energy. Enye inselele iwukuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe kwamaphrojekthi e-hydrogen kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenzelana phakathi kwababambe iqhaza abahlukene kumaketango enani le-hydrogen.
Lezi zinkinga zingaxazululwa ngokwenza ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko kangcono, ukwehlisa izindleko zemali, nokwenza i-hydrogen ibe yigugu kakhulu. Kufanele futhi sithuthukise izinqubomgomo ezisekelayo nemithethonqubo, siphinde sikhuthaze ukusebenzisana nokuxhumana phakathi kwabadlali abahlukahlukene.
Ngokunqoba lezi zinselele, ubuchwepheshe bamandla e-hydrogen bungadlala indima ebalulekile ekushintsheni kwamandla ahlanzekile futhi bubambe iqhaza ezinhlosweni zesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, okuholela “Kumnotho We-Hydrogen.”
