Izinjini zomoya zivele njengesisekelo ekufuneni izixazululo zamandla avuselelekayo. Njengoba umhlaba udonsela emithonjeni yamandla esimeme, ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi bamaturbine omoya kuba semqoka. Lesi sihloko sicubungula izici ezibalulekile zezinjini zomoya, ezinikeza imininingwane mayelana nokusebenza kwazo, umthelela wendawo, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, izinselele zokunakekelwa, namathemba esikhathi esizayo. Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sembula izendlalelo zalo mthombo wamandla avuselelekayo omangalisayo, sikunikeza umbono ogcwele kahle mayelana nezinjini zomoya.
Okuqukethwe:
- Asebenza kanjani ama-wind turbines
- Izinzuzo zemvelo zama-wind turbines
- Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kwe-wind turbine
- Izinselelo zesondlo nokusebenza
– Ikusasa lama turbines omoya
Indlela ama-turbines omoya asebenza ngayo
Ama-turbines omoya aguqula amandla e-kinetic esuka emoyeni abe amandla kagesi. Le nqubo iqala lapho amandla omoya ephendula izindwani ze-turbine ezungeze i-rotor, ezungeza i-generator ukuze yakhe ugesi. Ukusebenza kahle kwalokhu kuguqulwa kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa isivinini somoya, idizayini ye-turbine, kanye nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kujeneretha. Izinjini zomoya zanamuhla ziyizimangaliso zobunjiniyela, eziklanyelwe ukwandisa amandla okubanjwa kwamandla ngisho nasezimo zomoya ezihlukene.
Ukwakheka kwenjini yomoya kuyathakazelisa. Ihlanganisa izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: ama-rotor blades, shaft, kanye nejeneretha. Ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuguqulwa kwamandla. Ama-blade abamba amandla omoya, umphini udlulisela amandla ajikelezayo, futhi umshini wokuphehla ugesi uguqula la mandla asetshenziswayo abe ugesi. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwezingxenye kugcizelela ubunkimbinkimbi bamaturbine omoya njengomthombo wamandla ovuselelekayo.
Izinjini zomoya ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nemiklamo, ngayinye iklanyelwe izimo ezithile zemvelo kanye nezidingo zamandla. Kusukela kuma-turbine asogwini aphakeme anezindawo zasemaphandleni kuya ezakhiweni ezinkulu zasogwini ezigudla ulwandle, izinjini zomoya ziwubufakazi bobuhlakani bomuntu ekusebenziseni amandla emvelo.
Izinzuzo zemvelo zama-wind turbines
Izinjini zomoya zihamba phambili ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngokukhiqiza ugesi emoyeni, banikeza umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile, ongashi onciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Ngokungafani nezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, amandla omoya awakhiqizi i-carbon dioxide noma ezinye izinto ezingcolisa umoya, okuwenza abe umdlali oyinhloko emizamweni yokunciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
Umthelela wemvelo wezinjini zomoya udlulela ngale komjikelezo wabo wempilo yokusebenza. Ikhono labo lokukhiqiza amanani amakhulu kagesi emthonjeni ovuselelekayo lisho ukuncika ekukhetheni amandla okulimaza imvelo. Lolu shintsho lubalulekile ekulondolozeni izindawo zemvelo, ukuvikela izilwane zasendle, nokuqinisekisa ikusasa elisimeme leplanethi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinjini zomoya zinegalelo ekongiweni kwamanzi. Izitshalo zamandla endabuko zivame ukudinga amanzi amaningi ngezinjongo zokupholisa, kuyilapho izinjini zomoya zingawadli amanzi ohlelweni lwazo lokuphehla ugesi. Le nzuzo ibaluleke kakhulu ezifundeni ezibhekene nokushoda kwamanzi, okugqamisa indima yezinjini zomoya ekukhuthazeni ukusimama kwemvelo.
Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kwe-wind turbine
Ukuvela kobuchwepheshe benjini yomoya kube yinto emangalisayo. Ukuthuthuka kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha, i-aerodynamics, kanye nokwenza idijithali kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwamaturbine asebenza kahle kakhulu, athembekile, nanamandla. Amaturbine esimanje afakwe amasistimu okulawula asezingeni eliphezulu athuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo ngesikhathi sangempela, ajwayelane nokushintsha kwesivinini somoya nezikhombisi-ndlela.
Enye yentuthuko ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilula neziqinile zama-rotor blades. Lokhu kusungula kuvumela izinjini zomoya ezinkulu ezingathwebula amandla omoya amaningi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqotho besakhiwo. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwenza ugesi kwenyuse ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kukagesi, okuqhubekisela phambili ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo wonke ama-turbines.
Ubuchwepheshe bedijithali, okuhlanganisa i-AI ne-IoT, buguqula ukusebenza kwenjini yomoya. Ukugcinwa kokuqagela, okuxhaswe ukuhlaziya idatha, kusiza ekuboneni izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuthi ziholele esikhathini sokuphumula, ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okungaguquki kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokunakekela. Lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwezinjini zomoya kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekwehliseni izindleko zamandla avuselelekayo.
Izinselelo zesondlo nokusebenza
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zabo eziningi, izinjini zomoya zibhekana nezinselele zokunakekelwa nokusebenza. Izimo ezinzima abasebenza kuzo, ikakhulukazi izinjini zomoya ezingasogwini, zingaholela ekugugekeni nasekudabukeni kwezingxenye, okudinge ukulungiswa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle. Lesi sici sokusebenza kwenjini yomoya sidinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile.
Ukufinyelela kuma-turbines ukuze alungiswe, ikakhulukazi lawo atholakala phesheya kwezilwandle, kubangela izinselele zokwenziwa komsebenzi. Imikhumbi eyisipesheli kanye nemishini ngokuvamile kuyadingeka, okwandisa inkimbinkimbi nezindleko zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo yesikhashana yomoya ingathinta ukuvumelana kokukhiqizwa kwamandla, okudinga ukuhlanganiswa okuphumelelayo negridi yamandla ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinselelo kubalulekile ekwandiseni amandla ezinjini zomoya. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nokuqanjwa okusha ekwakhiweni kwama-turbine, izinto zokwakha, namasu okusebenza kuhloswe ngawo ukunqoba lezi zithiyo, kuvula indlela yokukhiqiza amandla omoya asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi anokwethenjelwa.
Ikusasa lama-wind turbines
Ikusasa lezinjini zomoya liqhakazile, kunentuthuko ethembisayo emkhathizwe. Ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kulindeleke ukuthi kuveze amaturbine asebenza kahle kakhulu, ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi angabizi kakhulu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla omoya abe amagridi ahlakaniphile, okuhambisana nentuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla, kuzothuthukisa ukwethembeka kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandiswa kwamapulazi omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle kunikeza ithuba elibalulekile lokukhiqiza amandla esimeme. Lawa maphrojekthi angasebenzisa umoya onamandla futhi ongaguquguquki, okunomthelela omkhulu ezidingweni zamandla omhlaba. Njengoba umphakathi uqhubeka nokubeka eqhulwini amandla avuselelekayo, indima yezinjini zomoya endaweni yamandla izokhula, okuphawula isinyathelo esihle esibheke ekusaseni lamandla esimeme nelihlanzekile.
Isiphetho:
Ama-turbines omoya amele ingxenye ebalulekile yezikhali zethu zamandla avuselelekayo, ahlinzeka ngesixazululo esimeme ezidingweni zamandla ezikhulayo emhlabeni. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuzibophezela ekunqobeni izinselele zokusebenza, izinjini zomoya zisethelwe ukuthi zidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuxubeni kwamandla omhlaba. Njengoba sibheke esikhathini esizayo, amandla omoya anamandla angenamkhawulo, athembisa umhlaba ohlanzekile, oluhlaza, futhi ozinzile ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
