I-DDP Incoterms: Umhlahlandlela Osebenzayo Ubungazi Ukuthi Uyawudinga

Izinkathi zemikhosi namaholide zivame ukubiza imikhosi nemibuthano! Nokho ukumisa umbuthano, noma kuwumkhuba nje ekhaya nomndeni nabangane, kungase kukhathaze, ikakhulukazi uma kunedlanzana lababekhona. Ngokujabulisayo, izinkampani zokupheka namuhla ziyakwazi ukuphatha cishe yonke into, kusukela ekulungiseni ukudla kuya ekuhlanzeni. Akukho lutho umphathi womcimbi okudingeka akhathazeke ngakho. Ekugcineni, cishe okuwukuphela kwento umsingathi womcimbi okudingeka ayenze ukuphatha isigaba sokugcina sokuhlela noma ukwengamela ukwethulwa kokudla endaweni.

Umthetho we-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) ngaphansi komthetho Imigomo Yentengiso Yamazwe Ngamazwe (Incoterms) isebenza ngendlela efana kakhulu nesibonelo somcimbi onikezwe ngenhla. Njengoba abathengisi bephethe cishe yonke into, abathengi bahileleka kuphela phakathi nomlenze wokugcina wenqubo yokulethwa. Qhubeka ufunde ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi iyini i-DDP, izibopho ezibalulekile kanye nemithwalo yezindleko zabo bobabili umthengisi nomthengi ngokwemibandela ye-DDP, umthelela wayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokuthumela ngemikhumbi, nokuthi ungayikhetha nini i-DDP njengomthengi.

Okuqukethwe
1. Ukuqonda i-DDP Incoterms
2. Izibopho ezibalulekile kanye nezibopho zezimali
3. Umthelela we-DDP ekuthumeleni nasekukhetheni i-DDP njengomthengi
4. Ukwenza lula indlela yomthengi

Ukuqonda i-DDP Incoterms

Akulona ihaba ukuchaza inqubo yokuthumela ngaphansi kwe-DDP Incoterms njengakho konke mayelana nomthengisi njengoba umthetho we-DDP udinga ukuthi umdayisi aphathe yonke ingxenye yenqubo yokulethwa kulo lonke uhambo lokuthumela izimpahla kuze kube yilapho izimpahla zifika endaweni ecacisiwe yomthengi. Le ndlela yenza i-DDP Incoterm ibe inqubo eyenziwe lula kakhulu kubathengi kodwa igcizelela kakhulu izibopho zomthengisi. Khonamanjalo, i-DDP ingasetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi indlela yokuthutha, kungaba ngomoya, ulwandle, umhlaba, noma inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela.

Mayelana nezingozi kanye nokuhlelwa kokulethwa kwezidingo, ngaphansi kwe-DDP, abathengisi bathwala ubungozi kuze kube yilapho izimpahla sezilungele ukuthululwa endaweni. Ngamanye amazwi, ubungozi bushintshela kubathengi kuphela uma izimpahla sezitholakala ukuthi zilayishwe endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo noma eshiwo. Njengoba i-DDP ibeka umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu kubathengisi futhi isekela ukuthunyelwa kwezinhlobo eziningi, kubalulekile ukuthi umthengisi nomthengi bacacise indawo yokulethwa enembile ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zezindleko kanye nokwabiwa kwengozi phakathi kwezinhlangothi zombili.

Izibopho ezibalulekile kanye nezibopho zezimali

Izibopho zomthengisi kanye nezibopho zezimali

Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla futhi njengoba kuveziwe encazelweni ye-DDP, kuyacaca ukuthi umdayisi unesibopho sayo yonke into kusukela ekupakishweni kuya ekubhalweni nasekuthuthweni, kanye nakho kokubili imithetho yokuthekelisa nokungenisa, okuhlanganisa zonke izintela nemisebenzi ehlobene. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokuchaza isibopho ngasinye kanye nesibopho sezezimali esithweswe abathengisi—okungase kungabi namsebenzi njengoba kuwuhlelo oluphelele—asigxile kakhulu ezingeni lomthwalo omkhulu we-DDP kubathengisi lapha.

Okokuqala, izibopho eziphelele zabathengisi enqubweni yokudiliva zilingana nezindleko ezinkulu, ezihlanganisa hhayi kuphela zonke izindleko zenqola nezokudiliva kodwa nezindleko ezihambisana nenqubo yokugunyazwa kwempahla. Lokhu kuhlanganisa zonke izicelo ezidingekayo zelayisensi yokungenisa/yokuthekelisa kanye nezimali ezikhokhwayo, izinyathelo zokuphepha zezokuthutha, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinqubo zokuhlola ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kanye nezitifiketi ezihilelekile. Ukufakwa kokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa kukhombisa ubungako bemisebenzi yomthengisi, okuhlanganisa nenqubo yokukhipha imvume ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuqale izinqubo ezisemthethweni zentela.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, mayelana nokwabiwa kwengozi, ngenxa yalezi zibopho ezibanzi, umdayisi futhi udinga ukuthwala izingozi ezinkulu zanoma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona noma ukulimala kwezimpahla kuze kube yilapho zilethwa. Lokhu kwenza ukuthola umshwalense kube ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile kubathengisi, nakuba i-DDP Incoterms ingadingi ngokusobala ukuthi abathengisi banikeze umshwalense.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngandlela thize, ukufakwa kwengcuphe okuphelele komthengisi kuyo yonke inqubo yokulethwa empeleni kuhlanganisa nezindleko ezingaba khona zokuthulula endaweni okuyiwa kuyo, inqobo nje uma inkontileka yenqola idinga lokho. Ngaphansi kwe-DDP Incoterms, izindleko zokukhipha endaweni okuyiwa kuyo ngokuyinhloko ziyisibopho somthengi. Kodwa-ke, uma kushiwo ngokucacile kunkontileka yomthengisi nenkampani yenethiwekhi ukuthi izindleko zokuthulula endaweni zizothwalwa umthengisi ngaphandle kwembuyiselo evela kumthengi, khona-ke umthengisi kufanele akhokhe lezi zindleko. Ngokufanayo, abathengisi kufanele bahlanganise yonke eminye imisebenzi ehlobene nokuthobela imithetho, okuhlanganisa nokuhlinzeka ngawo wonke amadokhumenti adingwa abathengi ukuze bamukele izimpahla.

Izibopho zomthengi nezibopho zezimali

Omunye kungenzeka ukuthi ucabange ukuthi njengoba abathengisi bephethe umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu ngaphansi kwe-DDP uma kuqhathaniswa nawo wonke amanye ama-Incoterm angu-11, akukho okuningi okufanele kulungiswe mayelana nezibopho zomthengi. Nakuba lesi sitatimende siphethe iqiniso elithile, njengoba i-DDP ngokuqinisekile iyi-Incoterm ebeka umthwalo omncane womthengi, ayibakhululi ngokuphelele abathengi kuzo zonke izibopho. Kunokuba babambe iqhaza lomshayeli ngokubambisana kuyo yonke inqubo yokuthumela, abathengi basebenza kakhulu njengabagqugquzeli. Kudingeka basize abathengisi ngokunikeza imibhalo esekelayo nolwazi kodwa bangathathi noma yimuphi umthwalo wezezimali noma ingozi ehambisana nenqubo yokungenisa nokukhipha imvume.

Lesi sakhiwo esicacile somthwalo wemfanelo siqinisekisa ukubeka izinto obala ezindimeni zazo zombili izinhlangothi kuyilapho kugcinwa inzuzo eyinhloko ye-DDP, okuwukuvikela abathengi ezingozini ezingaba khona zezezimali nezokusebenza nokubavumela ukuba bagxile emisebenzini yabo eyinhloko yebhizinisi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngezinqubo zokuhlela okungenzeka abazazi.

Empeleni, izibopho eziyinhloko zomthengi zilele ezibophweni zokukhokha kanye nokuthatha ukulethwa, okuhlanganisa yonke imisebenzi edingekayo yokuthulula kanye nezinhlelo. Izingozi zabo ezihlobene nokulahlekelwa okungaba khona noma ukulimala kwezimpahla ziqala lapho ukulethwa sekuqediwe, okuhlanganisa zonke izingozi zangemuva kokulethwa ezifana nokuphatha nokugcinwa.

Umthelela we-DDP ekuthumeleni nasekukhetheni i-DDP njengomthengi

Umthelela we-DDP ekuthunyelweni

Umthelela ophawuleka kakhulu futhi omkhulu we-DDP ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokuthumela endaweni ye-supply chain yindlela enikeza ngayo isisombululo sokulethwa esilula nesilula kubathengi. Noma kunjalo, isisombululo esinjalo esilungele abathengi besingeke sifezwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithwalo yemfanelo ebanzi nezibopho zabathengisi, njengoba umuntu ekugcineni kufanele athwale yonke imithwalo yempahla nezezimali.

Okwamanje, omunye umthelela osheshayo womthetho we-DDP ezimbonini zemikhumbi nezokuthutha ukuthi le-Incoterm eqondile nenenzuzo yabathengi iphinde isize ukukhuthaza labo abangenalo ulwazi oluningi ezinqubweni zokuhlela kanye nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ikakhulukazi endabeni yokukhipha imvume yokuthekelisa kanye nokungenisa kwamanye amazwe, ukuze bazibandakanye ngokunethezeka nangokuqiniseka ekuhwebeni komhlaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda komthwalo kubathengisi kusho ukuthi yilabo kuphela abanolwazi olunzulu kanye nezinqubo zezokuthutha kanye nezinqubo zamasiko abanganikeza futhi bavumelane ngale mibandela nabathengi.

Ukukhetha i-DDP njengomthengi

Ngokubona ubulula kanye nokunethezeka okunikezwa ngumthetho we-DDP, kulula ukubona ukuthi kungani i-DDP isebenza njengento ekhangayo, engenabungozi kakhulu kubathengi, ikakhulukazi kubangenisi abasha noma abaqalayo abajabulela kakhulu inkimbinkimbi encishisiwe kanye nokubandakanyeka okuncane kwezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Umthetho we-DDP uwenza futhi ube nenzuzo enkulu ekubikezeleni izindleko eziphelele futhi kamuva nokwandisa zonke ezinye izinsiza zezezimali zabathengi ukuze kukhule ibhizinisi, njengoba ingxenye enkulu yezindleko ithathwa abathengisi futhi ihlanganiswe nesibopho sokukhokha sabathengi kubahlinzeki. Noma kunjalo, abathengi kufanele futhi baqaphele ukuthi ukwehliswa okunjalo kwesibopho sezezimali kuphinde kusho izindleko ezingase zibe phezulu emananini acashunwe abathengisi.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izingcuphe ezingaba khona kanye nezindleko zimbozwe ngokugcwele, abathengisi bavame ukukhuphula amanani njengendlela yokuvikela ukuvikela izintshisekelo zabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abathengi kufanele futhi baqaphele ukubambezeleka okungase kube khona noma amashejuli anwetshiwe asetshenziswa abathengisi, njengoba bengase bakhethe izinketho zokuthutha ezinezindleko eziphansi, ngokuvamile okusho ukukhetha izindlela zokuthutha ezihamba kancane.

Okokugcina, abathengi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi babamba iqhaza kuma-Incoterms e-DDP kuphela nabathengisi abanamarekhodi ethrekhi afakazelwe noma amakhono asungulwe ekusingatheni yonke inqubo yokuhlela kuze kufike emazweni asekhaya wabathengi. Njengoba izinqubo zokungeniswa kwempahla zihluka phakathi kwamazwe, kungaba inselele ikakhulukazi kubathengisi abangajwayele noma abangenabo ubungcweti bendawo bokuphatha izinqubo ezinjalo, okungagcina kubangele izinkinga nokuphazamiseka ekuthengisweni kwabathengi.

Ukwenza lula indlela yomthengi

I-DDP iyi-Incoterm ebeka umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu kubathengisi kuyo yonke inqubo yokuthumela, kuyilapho abathengi benomthwalo wemfanelo wokwethula izimpahla kuphela endaweni yokugcina. Ngakho-ke, yonke imithwalo yemfanelo eyinhloko kanye nezibopho zezimali phakathi nenqubo-kusuka ekupakisheni kuya ekubandakanyeni bonke abathwali nezindlela zokuthutha, ukuphatha imvume yokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nokungenisa impahla ngaphandle, kanye nokukhokhela zonke izintela nemisebenzi yempahla - kuwela ngaphansi kwemisebenzi nezibopho zabathengisi.

Sekukonke, umthetho we-DDP uhlinzeka ngohlaka oluvuna abathengi, olukhuthaza ngokungaqondile ukukhula nokwanda kwemboni yezokuthengwa kwempahla. Ubukhona bomthetho onjalo busebenza njengesisusa kubathengi abanolwazi oluncane noma abangenalo nhlobo lolokusebenza ukuze babambe iqhaza ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi abathengi bangagxila emisebenzini yabo yebhizinisi ewumnyombo ngaphandle kobunzima bokuphatha izici zezokuthutha zemikhumbi.

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