Muva nje, abantu abaningi bebebheke emandleni avuselelekayo ukuze bonge imvelo. Omunye wemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo esetshenziswa kakhulu amandla elanga. Ngokufakwa kwelanga, umuntu udinga i-solar isilawuli sokushaja ukulawula i-voltage ne-amperage ehanjiswa emithwalweni. Amakhasimende amaningi kungenzeka ukuthi akakaze asebenzise izilawuli zokushaja zelanga futhi angase azibuze ukuthi kudingekile yini, futhi uma kunjalo, iyiphi okufanele ithenge.
Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukuthi ziyini izilawuli zokushaja ze-MPPT, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, yini okufanele zibheke lapho ukhetha izilawuli zokushaja zelanga, kanye nezinzuzo zesilawuli se-MPPT seshaja.
Okuqukethwe
Yini isilawuli sokushaja se-MPPT?
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga i-MPPT
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilawuli zokushaja zelanga
Isiphetho
Yini isilawuli sokushaja se-MPPT?
Ukulawula ukushaja kwelanga kubalulekile ekufakweni kwelanga. Izilawuli zokushaja zikhona ibhethri elanga amashaja axhunywe kumaphaneli elanga nebhethri. Isilawuli seshaja yelanga silawula ukuphuma kumthwalo namabhethri, siqinisekisa ukuthi asebenza kahle futhi awakhokhisi ngokweqile.
Izilawuli zokushaja ze-Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) zingezinye zezilawuli zelanga ezidume kakhulu emakethe. I-MPPT inhle ngokudala ukufakwa kwe-solar okuphumelelayo nokuthuthukisiwe. I-MPPT iyisilawuli seshaja yelanga esikhulu, futhi sisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla angaphandle kwegridi ezinkulu ezinama-solar array.
Izilawuli ze-Solar charge zikalwa ngokuya nge-voltage ephezulu yokufaka kanye nenani eliphakeme lokushaja lamanje. Izilinganiso zinquma inani lamaphaneli elanga axhunywe kusilawuli sokushaja.
I-MPPT iguqula ukuphuma kwamandla kagesi aphezulu kusuka kumaphaneli elanga kuya ku-voltage ephansi edingekayo ukushaja amabhethri. I-MPPT iqapha futhi ilungise okokufaka ukuze ilawule amandla esistimu yelanga. Bandisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiphayo kukonke, futhi umuntu angalindela izinga lokusebenza kahle lama-90% nangaphezulu.
Isebenza kanjani i-MPPT?
The umgomo wokusebenza we-MPPT kulula uma kuqhathaniswa; I-voltage yephaneli kanye namanje ziyahlukahluka ngenxa yenani elihlukile lokukhanya kwelanga ama-solar panel akuthola phakathi nosuku. Ukuze uthole amandla amaningi, i-MPPT ithola inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu ye-voltage kanye neyamanje ukuze ikhiqize amandla aphezulu.
Ilandelela ngokuqhubekayo futhi ilawule amandla kagesi e-PV ukuze ikhiqize amandla amaningi, kungakhathaliseki isimo sezulu noma isikhathi sosuku. Lokhu kwandisa ukusebenza kahle namandla akhiqizwa kufika ku-30% ngaphezu kwesilawuli sokushaja se-PWM.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga i-MPPT
Lapho uthenga isilawuli seshaja yelanga, amakhasimende kufanele acabangele izici eziningi. Ezinye zalezi zici zihlanganisa:
Imithwalo
Lapho uthenga isilawuli seshaja yelanga, into yokuqala umuntu okufanele ayicabangele ukuthi zingaki izinto zikagesi okudingeka zisebenze futhi isikhathi eside kangakanani. Isilinganiso samandla esisetshenziswayo sibala umthwalo olinganiselwe (W) ophindwe ngesilinganiso sesikhathi sokusebenza emahoreni noma isilinganiso samanje sokudonsa (A) esiphindwe ngesilinganiso sesikhathi sokusebenza (hr).
- Amandla adingekayo phakathi Watt amahora (Wh) = Amandla (W) × Isikhathi (amahora)
- Amandla adingekayo phakathi Amahora we-Amp (Ah) = Amps (A) × Isikhathi (amahora)
Ngemva kokubala umthamo olinganiselwe womshini ngamunye, uyawengeza ukuze uthole imfuneko yamandla elinganiselwe ngosuku.
Ubukhulu besimiso sonozungezilanga
I-MPPT kufanele icishe ifane usayizi njengesistimu yelanga. Uma uwazi isamba samandla elanga kuma-watts kanye ne-voltage yebhethri, ungakwazi ukuthola inani eliphezulu lamanje lesistimu usebenzisa ifomula elandelayo:
Okwamanje (A) = Amandla (W) / Voltage noma (I = P/V)
Ubuhle nobubi bezilawuli zokushaja zelanga ze-MPPT
buhle:
- Qaphela ngokucophelela izimo zamaphaneli aholela kumazinga aphezulu okusebenza kahle
- Yenza kahle kakhulu uma ibhethri liphansi
- Okuhamba phambili ezindaweni ezibandayo neziguqubele
- Ifanele amasistimu amakhulu
- Isebenza uma i-voltage yebhethri iphansi kune-voltage ye-solar array
bawo:
- Ibiza kakhulu kunabalawuli be-PWM; bangabiza kufikela ku-US $230, kuyilapho i-PWM ingabiza kancane njenge-US $30.
- Iba nesikhathi esifushane sokuphila ngenxa yezingxenye eziningi
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilawuli zokushaja zelanga
Kunezinhlobo ezine zezilawuli zokushaja zelanga. Ahlukaniswa ngendlela asebenzisa ngayo ukulawula ukushaja kusuka kumaphaneli elanga kuya kumabhethri. Izinhlobo ezine yilezi:
- Izilawuli zokushaja zohlobo lwe-Shunt
- Izilawuli zokushaja izinhlobo zochungechunge
- Izilawuli zokushaja zokushintshwa kobubanzi be-Pulse
- Izilawuli zokushaja ze-MPPT
Ezivame kakhulu yi-PWM ne-MPPT, izilawuli zokushaja.
I-PWM ne-MPPT yokuqhathanisa isilawuli se-solar charge
Izilawuli zokushaja zelanga ze-Pulse width modulation (PWM) zinokuxhuma okuqondile kusuka kuhlelo lwelanga kuya ebhethrini. Basebenzisa inkinobho elula, esheshayo yokulawula ukushaja kwelanga. Iswishi ivuleka kuze kube yilapho ibhethri lifika ku-voltage yokushaja ukumuncwa. Iswishi ibe isivula futhi ivaleke ngokushesha— izikhathi ezingamakhulu ngomzuzwana ukuze kulungiswe amandla amanje futhi kugcinwe umthamo webhethri ozinzile.
I-PWM iyasebenza kodwa yehlisa i-voltage yephaneli yelanga ukuze ihambisane nomthamo webhethri. Lokhu kunciphisa amandla ephaneli yelanga, futhi, ukusebenza kahle kwayo njengoba iphaneli ingekho ku-voltage yayo yokusebenza ephezulu.
Isibonelo sesilawuli sokushaja se-PWM yi-Shinefar PWM yesilawuli sokushaja solar. Inomkhawulo wamanje ongu-60A kanye nokuvikelwa kwebhethri ngaphezu kwe-voltage engu-66V. I-PWM iyonga futhi umuntu angakwazi uku-oda izingcezu ezifika kwezingamashumi amahlanu ngesikhathi sokuhola sezinsuku eziyishumi nambili. Zingabuye zenziwe ngezifiso uma ukhetha ukuba nelogo yenkampani emkhiqizweni.
I-PWM ihamba phambili uma umuntu edinga inketho ebiza kancane yamasistimu amancane okungenani angu-12V. Angcono kakhulu uma i-solar panel eyodwa noma amabili esetshenziselwa imithwalo elula efana nokukhanyisa, ukushaja ifoni, nokukhempa. Ngokuphambene, i-MPPT isetshenziselwa imithwalo emikhulu kanye nohlu lwamaphaneli elanga.
KUMELE i-MPPT ne-Suntree PWM iqhathanise isilawuli selanga
| KUMELE MPPT isilawuli sokushaja solar | Isilawuli sokushaja solar se-Shinefar PWM | |
| Cost | $75–105 | $6–8 |
| Ukwenza ngokwezifiso | I-oda elincane 200 izingcezu | I-oda elincane 50 izingcezu |
| Isikhathi Ukuhola | Izinsuku ezingama-60 ngezingcezu eziyi-5,000 | Izinsuku ezingama-12 ngezingcezu eziyi-50 |
| I-Ambient Temp Range | -10 ℃ kuya ku-55 ℃ | -20 ℃ kuya ku-50 ℃ |
| Ubukhulu be-PV Voltage | 130V | 66V |
| Okuphezulu Kwamanje | 80A | 60A |
| Isisindo | 3 kg | 480 g |
| Voltage Kulinganiselwe ngo- | 16-48V | 12-24V |
Ukukhetha isilawuli sokushaja elanga esingcono kakhulu samakhasimende
Lapho ukhetha izilawuli zelanga ezihamba phambili esitokisini, umuntu kufanele acabangele amakhasimende abo okuhlosiwe. Indawo yekhasimende ibalulekile. Uma amakhasimende asezindaweni ezibanda kakhulu neziguqubele, izilawuli zokushaja zelanga ze-MPPT zesitoko. Lezi zilawuli zisebenza kangcono ezindaweni ezibandayo futhi zandisa amandla, zinikeze umsebenzisi amandla aphezulu okusebenza kahle.
Usayizi womthwalo ubalulekile ekutholeni isilawuli seshaja yelanga esingcono kakhulu. Uma ikhasimende linomthwalo omncane, lingasebenzisa i-PWM; Nokho, uma umthwalo olinganisiwe uphezulu, inketho engcono kakhulu yi-MPPT. Ungakwazi stock the KUMELE MPPT isilawuli sokushaja solar njengoba ingenye ehamba phambili emakethe enamandla amakhulu e-PV angu-600W kanye ne-PV voltage ephezulu engu-130V.
Isiphetho
I-MPPT ibalulekile ekufakweni kwelanga. Isiza ukulawula i-voltage kanye ne-amperage elethwa emthwalweni. Izilawuli zokushaja zelanga ze-MPPT zisebenza kahle ezinhlelweni ezinkulu zamaphaneli elanga futhi zisebenza kahle ngama-voltage aphansi ebhethri nasezindaweni ezibandayo neziguqubele.
Thola imininingwane eminingi amandla avuselelweko kanye nemithombo yalo evela Cooig.com.
