Imishini yokugunda isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukunquma izinsimbi zibe osayizi abahlukahlukene kanye nokwakheka. Ngezindlela zokusika ezihlukene, imishini yokugunda ibalulekile ezimbonini ezisebenza ngezinsimbi namashidi. Eminye yemisebenzi eyenziwa emashidini ihlanganisa ukuvala, ukusika, ukusika amasondo nokubhoboza. Iqhaza lalo mhlahlandlela ukugqamisa izici ezibalulekile zemishini yokugunda.
Okuqukethwe
Imishini yokugunda: isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Amathiphu abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele ngaphambi kokuthenga umshini wokugunda
Izinhlobo zemishini yokugunda
Imakethe eqondiwe yemishini yokugunda
Imishini yokugunda: isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Usayizi wemakethe yamathuluzi okusika ensimbi yomhlaba wonke wawungu-$77.24 webhiliyoni ngo-2019. Amathrendi asafufusa ahlanganisa ukwanda okukhulu kweminye imishini yokugunda esebenza nge-hydraulic kunakweminye. Izizathu ezinkulu zalokhu kuhlinza ukunemba abakunikezayo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza eziphansi. Abakhiqizi abakhulu futhi banentshisekelo yokufaka intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe embonini, njengokufaka amaphrinta e-3D emishinini yokugunda.
Amathiphu abalulekile okufanele uwacabangele ngaphambi kokuthenga umshini wokugunda
Amabhizinisi kufanele acabangele izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ngaphambi kokuthenga umshini wokugunda njengoba kubalwe ngezansi.
Uhlobo lwensimbi olugundwayo
Ukujiya kwezinto ezigundiwe, uhlobo, nokungaguquguquki kuzonquma umshini wokugunda osetshenzisiwe. Umshini wokugunda womoya uzokwanela uma izinto ezisetshenziswayo kuyigeji yensimbi emincane noma i-aluminium elula. Nokho, ipuleti lensimbi elingu-¾” lizodinga umshini umshini wokugunda ngenxa yekhono layo lokumunca ukushaqeka namandla.
Okukhipha insimbi esheared
Lapho umthamo wezinto ezigundiwe ezidingekayo uphezulu, ukuthuthukiswa okukhethekile kufanele kwenziwe. Isibonelo, amabhizinisi kufanele acabangele ukuthi umshini wokugunda ungaxhunywa yini ebhandeni lokuthutha ukuze ulethe okokusebenza futhi ukhiphe izingcezu zokusebenza ngokushesha. Imishini yokugunda ezosetshenziswa ezimbonini kufanele ivumelane nezimo.
Uhlelo lokugunda
Izinhlelo zokugunda zingaba nge-pneumatic, zikagesi, i-hydraulic, noma i-mechanical. Izikena ze-pneumatic zaziwa ngokusikeka kwazo okubushelelezi kanye nokuthula lapho zisebenza. Ahlukile kuma-shears emishini kanye ne-hydraulic, anomsindo omuhle uma esetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, amashekeli ayimishini kulula ukuwasebenzisa, ayashesha kakhulu, futhi anomklamo obamba ukushaqeka. Izikena ezisebenza ngogesi zisebenzisa ugesi njengomthombo wazo wamandla, ngakho azinawo ama-flywheels okwandisa amathani. Amabhizinisi kufanele akhethe umshini wokugunda ohambisana kangcono nezidingo zawo.
Umklamo womshini wokugunda
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokuklama: i-guillotine ne-swing beam. Kumklamo we-guillotine, i-blade engenhla ishayelwa phansi ngokuqondile, inikeze ukusunduza okuqinile. Idizayini ye-swing beam isebenzisa amandla okusebenzisa ngokuzungeza i-blade engenhla, ngakho isebenzisa idrayivu encane ukugunda ucezu lokusebenza.
I-angle ye-rake engaguquki noma elungisekayo
Ama-engeli e-rake alungisekayo angaba phansi noma aphezulu. I-engeli ye-rake i-engeli i-blade engenhla ekhonjwe ngayo maqondana nendawo yokusebenza. I-engeli yereki ephansi iphumela ekusikeni kwekhwalithi. Nokho, kudinga amandla engeziwe ukushayela blade ngokusebenzisa impahla. I-engeli ephezulu ye-rake isebenzisa amandla amancane kodwa yenza ukusikeka kwekhwalithi embi. I-engeli enguziro yereki izosho ukuthi kuzodingeka kusetshenziswe amandla amaningi ekugundani, okwenza kubize. Ibhizinisi kufanele lazi ikhwalithi ephezulu yokusikeka elifuna ukulenza njengesiqondiso sokuthenga umshini wokugunda.
Usayizi wokusebenza
Usayizi wokusebenza uzothinta ngokuqondile usayizi weshidi lensimbi elingagundwa. Kunemishini yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, njenge 1170mm x 300mm, 3100mm x 1600mm, 3880 x 2150mm, nokunye okuningi. Ukwazi ubukhulu bamashidi ensimbi kungasiza ibhizinisi linqume usayizi ofanele wokusebenza kwawo.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokugunda
Imishini yokugunda iyizinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi.
Umshini wokugunda ummese oqondile
The umshini wokugunda ummese oqondile isebenzisa ummese ongaphezulu ogudlukayo kanye nommese ophansi onganyakazi. I-workpiece ibekwe phakathi kwale mimese emibili.
Izici:
- Ama-squaring shears angasetshenziselwa ukusika nokusika imichilo.
- Ukuze kugcinwe imvume, omunye wemimese kufanele ulungiswe.
buhle:
- Iyonga ekusikeni izikhala ezisemaceleni aqondile emicu.
- Isika kalula amashidi angaphansi kuka-50mm.
bawo:
- Ummese kufanele ushintshwe njalo ngenxa yokuguga.
Umshini wokugunda umakhenikha
The umshini wokugunda wemishini isebenzisa iziphetho ezicijile ezimbili ezisondelene, futhi okokusebenza kubekwe phakathi.
Izici:
- Isebenza ngesandla.
buhle:
- Kulula ukusebenza.
- Kulula ukuyinakekela.
- Iyakwazi ukumelana nokushaqeka.
bawo:
- Awukwazi ukusebenza ngokugcwele isikhathi eside.
- Ibanga umsindo omkhulu uma isebenza.
- Kudla isikhathi esiningi nomzamo ukulungisa igebe le-blade.
Umshini wokugunda we-pneumatic
The umshini wokugunda wepneumatic isebenzisa ukusebenza kwamasilinda omoya ukunika amandla i-crosshead ne-blade ephezulu.
Izici:
- Ithuluzi lokusika libekwe ekugcineni kwenduku ye-cylinder ye-pneumatic.
- Isebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe njengomthombo wamandla wokusika insimbi.
buhle:
- Kuyashesha futhi kunembile.
- Iphephile ngokulayisha ngokweqile.
- Kulula ukuyinakekela.
bawo:
- Kubiza ukuyithola.
- Kunomsindo uma kusebenza.
- Idala ama-thrust angajwayelekile.
Umshini wokugunda we-Hydraulic
The umshini wokugunda we-hydraulic isebenzisa iphampu eqhutshwa yinjini ukuphoqa uwoyela ukuba ube isilinda ngokumelene nepiston.
Izici:
- Inombukiso wedijithali obonisa ukuma kwesitoko segeji yangemuva nokubala kokugunda.
- Ine-hydraulic transmission kanye ne-accumulator stroke return.
buhle:
- Kuthatha indawo encane ngenkathi kufakwa ingcindezi efanayo neminye imishini, njengomshini wokugunda.
- Iyashesha futhi inembile.
- Akudingi ukulungiswa okuningi uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini wokugunda wemishini.
bawo:
- Ikhiqiza imfucuza enamanzi.
Imakethe eqondiwe yemishini yokugunda
Usayizi wemakethe yamathuluzi okusika insimbi emhlabeni jikelele kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ufinyelele ku- $101.48 billion ngo-2027, ukhule ku-CAGR ka-4.2%. Ngokusho kwe-UN, 54% inani labantu emhlabeni wonke lihlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, okuholela ekuvulweni kwamathuba emisebenzi engeziwe. Umphumela walokhu ukukhula kwemboni yezimoto ezobeka isidingo esikhulu emishinini yokugunda. Ngenxa yalokhu, imakethe yemishini yokugunda kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule kancane kancane. Ukukhula kwezimboni okunamandla eChina naseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi kubangele ukukhula okuphezulu esifundeni sase-Asia nasePacific, kulandelwe eduze yiYurophu kanye nesifunda saseNyakatho Melika.
Isiphetho
Lesi sihloko sichaze izinhlobo zemishini yokugunda kanye nemakethe yayo yomhlaba wonke eqondiwe. Ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kwale mboni kuyasiza ngoba kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi azi ukuthi yimuphi umshini wokugunda azowuthola nokuthi yimuphi ongawutholi. Lesi sihloko siphinde siqondise amabhizinisi afunayo ezingibeni okufanele azigweme, iwanikeze inzuzo ngaphezu kwezimbangi zawo. Olunye ulwazi lungatholakala ku- ingxenye yemishini yokugunda ku-Cooig.com.
