Ama-cranes angaba umehluko phakathi kokwakhiwa okulula nokwakhiwa okunzima. Izinto eziningi kumele ziphakanyiswe isakhiwo esakhiwayo ukuze siqhubeke kahle. Nakuba lokhu kuyiqiniso, ibhizinisi le-crane kusazodingeka lazi ama-cranes angcono kakhulu okwakhiwa ngakunye ukugwema ukudumaza amakhasimende alo. Kulokhu, amabhizinisi kufanele azinike isikhathi sokufunda izintambo zebhizinisi lawo ngaphambi kokutshala imali.
Okuqukethwe
Ama-Cranes: isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga u-crane
Izinhlobo zama-cranes
Imakethe eqondiwe yama-cranes
Ama-Cranes: isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke wama-cranes wawungu-$36.36 wezigidigidi ngo-2021. Lokhu kwakungemuva kokukhula ngo-2.7% kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yama-cranes isishintshela ekukhuthazeni ukuqashwa kwama-cranes esikhundleni sokuthenga. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, abadlali abakhulu bafuna ukuthuthukisa ama-cranes aqinile angathwala umthwalo owengeziwe ukuze azuze ekukhuleni okulindeleke embonini. Kukhona nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu embonini ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obuvumela izimboni ezihlakaniphile emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga u-crane
Lesi sigaba sizogxila kumathiphu abalulekile okufanele wonke amabhizinisi awacabangele ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Umthwalo ozothwalwa
I-crane ngayinye ifanele isisindo esithile. I-crane egibele elolini ingabamba umthwalo omkhulu I-25 t. I-jib crane ingathwala imithwalo efika kuye I-15 t, kuyilapho i-tower crane ingaphakamisa I-18 t.
Isimo sendawo
Isimo sezwe esimazombezombe sizodinga i-crane yendawo emagebhugebhu, kuyilapho indawo engaphakathi izodinga i-overhead noma i-jib crane. I-crane yombhoshongo ifanele iziza zangaphandle futhi. Amabhizinisi kufanele acabangele indawo yesayithi ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Ukufinyelela kusayithi lephrojekthi
Amanye ama-cranes ayahamba futhi angaya kunoma iyiphi isayithi, kanti amanye mikhulu futhi awakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo wonke amasayithi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, i-tower crane ngeke ilungele izindawo zephrojekthi ezincane nezingafinyeleleki. I-crane egibele ngeloli noma i-mobile crane ingaba ngcono.
Izindleko ze-crane
Ama-cranes abiza kakhulu ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuhilelekile kanye nokusebenziseka kwawo. I-tower crane ibiza $ 100,000- $ 200,000, kuyilapho i-jib crane ibiza phakathi $ 3000- $ 5000. I-crane engaphezulu izobiza phakathi $ 10,000- $ 50,000. Amabhizinisi kufanele acabangele inani alibhajethela i-crane ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Ukuphakama kokusebenza
I-jib crane ingafinyelela I-230 ft, kuyilapho i-tower crane ifanele izakhiwo ezinde I-265 ft. I-crane engaphezulu izokhuphula imithwalo iye phezulu I-80-100 ft phezulu. Ngaphambi kokuzinza ku-crane, amabhizinisi afunayo adinga ukwazi ukuphakama azosebenza nawo ukuze enze isinqumo esinolwazi.
Izinhlobo zama-cranes
Amabhizinisi angakhetha ezinhlotsheni eziningi zama-cranes njengoba zibalwe ngezansi.
I-Crane ye-Telescopic
The i-telescopic crane ine-tubular boom futhi ivumela amanye amashubhu ukuthi afakwe ngaphakathi kwelinye.
Izici:
- Isebenzisa izindlela zokusebenzisa amanzi ukuze inwebe noma ihoxise i-boom.
buhle:
- Ilawuleka kalula.
- Inikeza ukunemba ngisho nemithwalo esindayo.
- Kulula ukusetha, yingakho kufanele imisebenzi yezimo eziphuthumayo noma yokuhlenga.
bawo:
- Kudinga abasebenzi abaningi uma kusungulwa.
- Inezindleko eziphezulu zokunakekela, ukukhanda, nokwehla kwenani.
I-crane yeselula
A i-crane yeselula iwumshini olula olawulwa ngekhebula one-telescopic boom exhunywe endaweni yawo yesikhulumi.
Izici:
- Inomonakalo wokuvinjwa okubili noma izisetshenziswa eziyisixwayiso ezizwakalayo.
- Ifakwe amabhuleki afanele omkhawulo wokulayisha.
- Inamadivayisi okuphepha kanye namaswishi anomkhawulo.
buhle:
- Iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi ingakwazi ukufinyelela izindawo amanye ama-cranes angakwazi.
- Kulula ukusetha.
- Ayidingi isikhala esiningi.
bawo:
- Ihamba kancane kakhulu ngenxa yesisindo sayo esinzima.
I-crane egibele iloli
A i-crane egibele iloli iyiloli eline-crane ngemuva noma ngemuva kwe-cab esetshenziselwa ukulayisha nokulayisha impahla elolini.
Izici:
- Inemisebenzi ezenzakalelayo njengokulayisha nokuzikhulula ngokwayo.
- Isebenza njenge-boom eqondile kodwa ingagoqwa.
buhle:
- Wenze mfushane umsebenzi wokulungiselela.
- Ingakwazi ukufinyelela kangcono ezindaweni.
- Inezindleko eziphelele ezimbalwa.
- Idinga isikhala esincane sokusebenza.
bawo:
- Ayikwazi ukuthwala imithwalo phezulu I-25 t.
Umbhoshongo crane
A umbhoshongo crane i-crane yesimanje esebenzisa i-lever kanye nebhalansi ukuphakamisa izinsimbi. Zisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo ezide.
Izici:
- Ineladi lokufinyelela ngaphakathi kohlaka.
- Inejib elayishwe amabhulokhi kakhonkolo we-precast.
- Inekhebhu phezulu kombhoshongo lapho kuhlala khona opharetha.
buhle:
- Izinzile kakhulu.
- Ingakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo efika kuye I-18 t.
- Ifanele amaphrojekthi amade afinyelela ukuphakama 80 m.
bawo:
- Kuyabiza ukuthola nokusuka endaweni ethile uye kwenye.
- Inezindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa nokulungisa.
- Kusebenza kanzima ukufaka.
I-crane yendawo engalungile
Ocranes bendawo enzima ama-cranes alungele ukusetshenziswa kwe-offroad. Zenziwe zaqina futhi ziqinile kuleyo misebenzi.
Izici:
- Isebenzisa insimbi enamandla amakhulu ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
- Inezinjini ezinamandla nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu ukuze inikeze ikhono elihle kakhulu lebanga.
- Inesikhungo esiphansi samandla adonsela phansi.
buhle:
- Inamandla futhi iyanyakaza.
- Inikeza ukuphatha okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezimbi.
- Ithuthukise ukuzinza nokuphepha.
bawo:
- Inomthwalo olinganiselwe namandla okuphakamisa.
- Idinga ukuzinziswa nge-outrigger.
- Awukwazi ukushayelwa emigwaqweni yomphakathi noma emigwaqweni emikhulu.
I-crane engaphezulu
An i-crane ephezulu umshini ohambisa izinto zokusebenza usuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye endaweni yokusebenzela.
Izici:
- Iqukethe ojantshi ababili abahambisanayo emisebe ye-longitudinal.
- Isetshenziswa ekamelweni/workshop.
buhle:
- Kwenyusa ukuphepha kwe-workshop.
- Kulula ukuphakamisa imithwalo.
- Kuyasiza ukugwema ukuvinjelwa phansi.
- Ithuthukise ukulawulwa kokulayisha.
bawo:
- Inezindleko zokuqala eziphezulu.
- Ayikwazi ukuphakamisa imithwalo phezu kobude bayo.
Loader crane
Ama-cranes okulayisha ama-cranes asetshenziselwa ukulayisha nokwehlisa amanye amaloli.
Izici:
- Ine-boom elungisekayo yokuphakamisa imithwalo.
- Isebenzisa indlela ezenzakalelayo.
buhle:
- Igibeleka kalula elolini.
- Ingakwazi ukufinyelela amasayithi amaningi.
- Kulula ukusebenza.
bawo:
- Kubiza ukuyithola nokuyinakekela.
Jib crane
Ama-cranes amaJib sebenzisa insika emiswe phansi noma odongeni ukuze usekele.
Izici:
- Iyakwazi ukujikeleza ngenkathi ibambe umthwalo.
- Isebenza ngokuzungezisa okwenziwa ngesandla futhi yeqa ukunyakaza.
buhle:
- Akubizi ukuthenga nokuyinakekela.
- Kulula ukusebenza.
bawo:
- Imisiwe endaweni eyodwa; yingakho leso sikhala asikwazi ukusetshenziselwa omunye umsebenzi.
Imakethe eqondiwe yama-cranes
Ama-Cranes kulindeleke ukuthi akhule ku-CAGR ka-4.5% kuya ku-$49.64 billion ngo-2028. Lokhu kungenzeka kube umphumela wokukhula komkhakha wezimboni emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kohulumeni nezinhlangano ezizimele emkhakheni wezokwakha. Isibonelo, izimakethe zase-Asia naseLatin America zibeka isidingo esikhulu semishini ekwazi ukuphakamisa ama-500 t nangaphezulu. Isifunda sase-Asia Pacific sizofakaza ukukhula okubaluleke kakhulu. I-China ijube amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda angama-27 abiza amabhiliyoni angama-219.43. Isifunda saseNyakatho Melika naso kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali embonini yezimayini.
Isiphetho
Ibhizinisi le-crane lingaba nenzuzo kodwa kuphela uma lenziwe kahle. Ngaphandle kokuqonda izingibe, ibhizinisi lingahluleka, futhi ukulahlekelwa akunakugwenywa. Lo mhlahlandlela uveza izinto okufanele zibhekwe ngaphambi kokungena kuleli bhizinisi kanye nokukhula okulindelekile kwalo mkhakha. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, i- ingxenye ye-cranes ku-Cooig.com inganikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe ngama-cranes.
