Esimeni sanamuhla sokuthola imithombo yamanzi ethembekile, ukubaluleka imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi ayikwazi ukweqisa. Le mishini izuze ukudonsa okuphawulekayo ngenxa yezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene eziletha etafuleni. Ngokushintsha indlela esiwathola ngayo amanzi, anikeza ukunemba okuqondile ekufinyeleleni amadamu angaphansi komhlaba, afakazele ukuthi angabizi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemithombo yangaphandle, futhi agcizelela indlela eqaphela imvelo ngokunciphisa ukumoshwa kwamanzi.
Lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukusiza abathengi ukuthi bathenge imishini efanelekile yokumba imithombo yamanzi emabhizinisini abo. Futhi, izoxoxa ngobukhulu bemakethe yemishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi etholakalayo kanye nezinsizakalo zokumba amanzi.
Okuqukethwe
Usayizi wemakethe yokumba imithombo yamanzi
Izinhlobo zemishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi
Ungawuthenga kanjani umshini ofanele wokumba umthombo wamanzi
Isiphetho
Usayizi wemakethe yokumba imithombo yamanzi
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokumbiwa kwemithombo yamanzi ibone ukukhula okubonakalayo, ikakhulukazi okubangelwa ukwanda kwabantu emhlabeni wonke, ukukhuphuka kwamadolobha ngokushesha, ukwanda kwezolimo, kanye nokubaluleka okwandayo kwezisombululo zamanzi ezisimeme.
Umbiko we Inkampani Yocwaningo Lwebhizinisi ikhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-2022, imakethe yezinsizakalo zokumba imithombo yamanzi emhlabeni wonke yayingama-USD 3.40 billion. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, lesi sibalo kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ku-USD 3.59 billion, okumele i-CAGR ka-5.7%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sibalo kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ku-USD 4.31 billion ngo-2027 ku-CAGR ka-4.6%.
Lesi sidingo esiphezulu siphawuleka ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezibhekene nezinkinga zokushoda kwamanzi futhi ezithuthuka ngokushesha kwezimboni nezolimo. Izindawo ezifana ne-Asia-Pacific, Middle East, kanye nezingxenye ezithile ze-Afrika zibonisa isithakazelo esimangalisayo emishinini yokumba imithombo yamanzi, eqhutshwa isidingo esiphuthumayo semithombo yamanzi efinyelelekayo nethembekile.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi
1. Imishini yokumba ejikelezayo
Imishini yokumba ejikelezayo bafana nabazungeza bonke bomhlaba wokumba imithombo. Basebenzisa i-drill drill bit ukuze bambe phansi njengesikulufu sobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Ngenkathi inyonyana yenza into yayo, ingxube yamanzi nodaka lokumba iyangena ithuthe imfucumfucu futhi igcine izinto zipholile. Lawa ma-rigs yiwona ongakhetha kukho lapho usebenza nezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi namadwala.
Izinsimbi zokumba ezijikelezayo zinebanga lentengo lika-USD 100,000 ukuya ku-USD 1,000,000 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngosayizi namandla. Bafinyelela isivinini sokumba esisukela ku-50 kuya ku-150 wamafidi ngehora futhi bafanelekela ukujula okuhlukahlukene kwemithombo, kusukela kumafidi angu-100 kuya ku-3,000 wamafidi noma ngaphezulu.
buhle
- Ilungele izinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi namadwala
- Ukubhola okusebenzayo nokusheshayo
- Iguquguqukayo ekujuleni kwemithombo ehlukahlukene
bawo
- Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphezulu
– Ingase idinge ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe
– Ikhiqiza imfucuza yodaka yokumba
2. Izinsimbi zokumba ithuluzi lekhebula
Cabanga ngendlela yesikole sakudala lapho into enzima ikhuphuka iphinde yehle, igeqeka phansi njengesiqophamithi esiphikelelayo. Lowo ngumsebenzi ka i-cable tool drilling rig. Iyanensa kunokugaya i-rotary, kodwa inezinto zayo. Uma umhlabathi uxega futhi ungabikezeli, noma uma uhlose ukuthola umthombo ojulile, izinsimbi zekhebula ziyakhuphuka. Bangase bangabi abagqama kakhulu, kodwa benza umsebenzi lapho izinto ziba nzima.
Izinsimbi zokumba amathuluzi ekhebula, anenani elisuka ku-USD 1,000 ukuya ku-USD 500,000, afinyelela ekujuleni okungamafidi angu-1,000 noma ngaphezulu. Banejubane lokubhola elihamba kancane, eliphakathi kwamamitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-20 ngehora.
buhle
- Isebenza ezimweni eziyinselele zomhlabathi
- Ilungele kahle ukubhobolwa kwemithombo ejulile
– Ubulula nokuthembeka
bawo
- Ukubhola kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi ezijikelezayo
- Kunqunyelwe ezimweni ezithile zomhlabathi
- Ayisebenzi kahle emithonjeni engashoni
3. Imishini yokumba i-auger
Imishini yokumba ama-auger ube ne-screw-like bit emba phansi. Kufana ne-screwdriver enkulu, edla inhlabathi. Le mishini yenza izimanga enhlabathini ethambile futhi mihle emithonjeni engashoni nokuthatha amasampula omhlabathi. Imishini yokumba i-auger iyisixazululo esiwusizo lapho usebenza nesihlabathi, ubumba, noma amatshe. Nokho, akuzona inketho engcono kakhulu uma ubhekene nedwala elithile eliqinile.
Imishini yokumba i-Auger inebanga lentengo lika-USD 200 kuya ku-USD 30,000 futhi isebenza kahle emithonjeni engashoni, ngokuvamile ifika kumafithi ayi-100. Bangakwazi ukufinyelela isivinini sokumba esingaba amafidi angu-5 kuya kwangu-30 ngehora, kuye ngezimo zenhlabathi.
buhle
– Isebenza kahle emhlabathini othambile
– Ifanele imithombo engashoni
– Kuyasiza ekuthatheni isampula yomhlabathi
bawo
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwetshe eliqinile
- Ilinganiselwe ezinhlotsheni ezithile zenhlabathi
- Ukubhola kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi ezijikelezayo
4. Imishini yokumba ipush eqondile
Ukusunduza okuqondile imishini yokumba zifana “nokuthinta kancane” kokumba umthombo. Esikhundleni sokuphotha okungalawuleki noma ukushaya ngesando, zisebenzisa amandla asebenza ngogesi ukusunduza amathuluzi okusampula emhlabathini. Bangochwepheshe ekuqoqeni amasampula omhlabathi futhi bakunike ukwehla kwezimo zenhlabathi. Zibone njengenketho ye-eco-friendly—zilungele ukuhlolwa kwemvelo, ukugadwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye nokuthola ulwazi olunembile ngisho nasezindaweni ezimpintshana noma ezindaweni okungenzeka zingcoliseke.
Ama-Direct push drilling rigs anenani elisuka ku-USD 5,000 ukuya ku-USD 50,000 futhi anesivinini sokumba esisuka ku-5 kuya ku-20 wamafidi ngehora.
buhle
- Ilungele ukuhlolwa kwemvelo
– Isampula yomhlabathi eqondileyo
- Isebenza kahle ezindaweni eziqinile
bawo
– Ayifanele ukumba umthombo ojulile
- Ihamba kancane uma iqhathaniswa nezinsimbi ezijikelezayo nezintambo
- Kulinganiselwe ekuthathweni kwesampula yomhlabathi nasekusetshenzisweni kwemvelo
Ungawuthenga kanjani umshini ofanele wokumba umthombo wamanzi
1. Ukujula nobubanzi bokubhoboza
Uhla lwe imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi aklanywe ngobuchule ukuze athwale amazinga ahlukene okujula namasayizi okuvuleka. Imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi inekhono lokulawula ukujula ukusuka cishe ku-100 kuya ngaphezu kwamafidi angu-1,000, eduze kobubanzi bembobo obusuka kumayintshi angu-3 ukuya kwangu-24 noma ngaphezulu, kuncike kumodeli nokucushwa okuthile.
2. Ukuhamba
I-maneuverability ye- imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi kuthinta amandla azo okuhamba ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kalula. Lesi sici sizuza ukubaluleka, ikakhulukazi lapho sibhekene nezindawo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene noma imidwebo yezithombe eziyinselele. Imishini ephathekayo noma enamathiselwe emalolini iveza inzuzo enkulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, okuvumela ukuthuthwa.
Ngokuphambene, lapho inhloso ibandakanya ukusungula isisekelo esingaguquki, okuthandwayo kuncike ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezinganyakazi. Ama-Rigs aklanyelwe ukuhlala enganyakazi afakazela ukuthi anekhono ngokwengeziwe ekusizeni izinqubo ezingaguquguquki endaweni eyodwa.
I-3. Intengo
Lokhu kumayelana nokuthola leyo ndawo emnandi phakathi kwalokho okudingayo nalokho okudingayo umshini wokumba umthombo wamanzi okunikezwayo, ngokubheka ithegi yentengo nokuthi yini eza nayo. Nakuba ukunamathela kubhajethi kubalulekile, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kubamba inani langempela phansi komugqa. Imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi ingasukela ku-USD 1,000 iye ku-USD 100,000 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngosayizi, amakhono, nesithunzi somkhiqizo.
4. Ukuhambelana
Akuwona wonke imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi ahlonyiselwe indawo yonke ukuphatha inhlabathi namadwala afanayo—amathuluzi athile asebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni ezithile. Ukuzibandakanya engxoxweni evulelekile neqondile nabahlinzeki bempahla nokwabelana ngemininingwane efanele mayelana nezici ezihlukile zesayithi lendawo kungaholela ekuqondeni kwabo okubalulekile okukuqondise kumshini ofanele.
5. Umthombo wamandla
Hlola ngokucophelela izindlela ezikhona zokunika amandla imishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi. Lezi zindlela zisebenzisa izinjini zikadizili, izinjini zikagesi, noma amasistimu asebenza ngogesi. Ukukhetha kwakho kufanele kuhambisane kalula nezinsiza ezikhona kusayithi kanye nezifiso zakho ezimayelana nokusebenza kahle kanye nobungane bemvelo. Umgomo uzungeza ekutholeni umlingani wamandla ohambisana nezimfuneko nezimiso ezithile.
I-6. Ukuqina
Qalisa ukusesha lawo magama athembekile namamodeli abonise ukuzibophezela kwawo ekusebenzeni okubekezelela. Inhloso ukuthola a umshini wokumba umthombo wamanzi ekwazi ukumelana nobunzima bemisebenzi yokumba. Njengomthetho wesithupha, le mishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi ijwayele ukuziqhayisa impilo ephakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30, noma okungenzeka ibe ngaphezulu kwalokho, kuya ngezinga lokugcinwa nokusetshenziswa kaningi.
Isiphetho
Ukubaluleka kokukhetha umthombo wamanzi ofanele ukubhola umshini awukwazi ukweqiwa. Izinto ezinjengokucatshangelwa kokujula nobubanzi emithonjeni yamandla nokuqina zingenza noma ziphule impumelelo yephrojekthi yakho. Ngokwenza isinqumo sakho sihambisane nezidingo zesayithi lakho, isabelomali, kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo, ubeka isiteji sebhizinisi lokumba elibushelelezi neliphumelelayo. Ukuze uhlole uxhaxha olubanzi lwemishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi ukuze ihambisane nezidingo nezabelomali ezahlukahlukene, qonda phezulu Cooig.com.
