Ukuthenga imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni kungaba umsebenzi onzima ngenxa yobuningi bezinketho ezitholakalayo emakethe. Le mishini ibalulekile ekudaleni izimpawu zomgwaqo ezicacile nezibonakalayo, izindawo zokupaka, nezinye izindawo ezigandayiwe, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokulawulwa kwethrafikhi.
Ukwenza kube lula inqubo yokuthatha izinqumo, sihlanganise uhlu lwamathiphu aphezulu okufanele uwacabangele lapho uthenga imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni. Lawa macebiso azokunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ukukusiza wenze ukukhetha unolwazi futhi uthole umshini ozifanela kahle izidingo zakho. Futhi, uzofunda ngemishini ehlukene yokumaka etholakala emakethe.
Okuqukethwe
Isabelo semakethe semishini yokumaka emgwaqweni
Izinhlobo zemishini yokumaka emgwaqweni
Amathiphu aphezulu okufanele uwacabangele lapho uthenga imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni
Isifinyezo
Isabelo semakethe semishini yokumaka emgwaqweni
Ngokuvumelana ne Ukubukwa Okubukwa Okukhulu, emuva ngo-2018, imakethe yemishini yokumaka emgwaqweni yomhlaba wonke yayinenani lika-USD 6.05 billion. Lesi sibalo kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke ku-CAGR ka-9.3% ekupheleni kuka-2025. Enye yezinto ezinkulu eziholela ekwandeni kwesidingo semishini yokumaka iwukwenyuka kokutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yemigwaqo.
I-Asia-Pacific ibone isidingo esikhulu semishini yokumaka emgwaqeni ngenxa yokukhula ngokushesha kwengqalasizinda kanye nokufudukela kwabantu emadolobheni. Amazwe afana neShayina, i-India, kanye namazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ahlangabezane namaphrojekthi engeziwe wokwakhiwa nokulungiswa kwemigwaqo, okuqhuba isidingo sokumaka okucacile nokulawulwa kwethrafikhi ngendlela efanele. Imizamo kahulumeni efana ne-China's Belt and Road Initiative ikhulise isidingo. Ukugxila kwesifunda ezixazululweni ezisimeme zokumaka emgwaqeni kuholele ekwamukelweni kobuchwepheshe obuphambili kanye nemishini emisha.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokumaka emgwaqweni
1. Umshini womaka womgwaqo ophushwe ngesandla
Imishini yokumaka ephushwe ngesandla ngesandla zisebenza ngesandla ngokuziphusha eduze komgwaqo. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa amaphrojekthi amancane noma ezindaweni lapho ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe. Le mishini ayisindi futhi iyaphatheka, ilungele ukumaka iziphambano zabahamba ngezinyawo, imizila yamabhayisikili, noma izindawo zokupaka ezincane.
2. Umshini wokumaka womgwaqo ozishayelayo
Imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni ezishayelayo aklanywe ngokukhethekile ngenjini ehambisa umshini, okwenza ukwazi ukumboza izindawo ezinkulu ngempumelelo. Bavame ukuqashwa ezimpawu zomgwaqo onguthelawayeka, izindiza zezindiza, kanye namaphrojekthi amakhulu wohleloxhumano lwemigwaqo. Le mishini ikhiqiza kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle, njengoba ikwazi ukumboza amabanga amade ngaphandle kwesidingo sosizo lwezandla, okuholela ekukhiqizeni okuthuthukisiwe nokonga isikhathi.
3. Umshini wokumaka ogibele ngeloli
Igibele iloli imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni agibele ku-chassis weloli, ahlinzeka ngokuhamba okuhle kakhulu nokuguquguquka. Ngokujwayelekile efakwe ngemuva kweloli, le mishini ingathuthwa kalula iye ezindaweni ezehlukene zemisebenzi. Asetshenziswa kakhulu umaka onguthelawayeka noma womgwaqo ngenxa yekhono lawo lokuvala imigwaqo emide ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
4. Umshini wokumaka womgwaqo oshisa izikhotha
Imishini yokushisa ukushisa sebenzisana nezinye izinto zokumaka emgwaqeni ukuze kufezwe indima ebalulekile. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukushisa nokuncibilikisa izinto ze-thermoplastic, njengopende abancibilika ngokushisayo, ukulungiselela ukusetshenziswa kwazo endaweni yomgwaqo. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokumaka zifinyelela izinga lokushisa elilungile, ama-preheaters enza kube lula ukunamathela okufanele futhi athuthukise ukuqina kwezimpawu.
5. Umshini wokumaka umgwaqo wepulasitiki obandayo
Imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni yepulasitiki ebandayo zenzelwe ukusebenzisa izinto zepulasitiki ezibandayo ezindaweni zomgwaqo. Le mishini ihlanganisa amakhaza plastic impushana ene-catalyst noma i-binder, eyenza izimpawu zomgwaqo eziqinile nezihlala isikhathi eside. Izimpawu zepulasitiki ezibandayo zihlonishwa kakhulu ngokumelana kwazo okuyingqayizivele nemihuzuko, amakhemikhali, kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi.
Amathiphu aphezulu okufanele uwacabangele lapho uthenga imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni
I-1. Intengo
Cabangela ibhajethi yakho futhi uqhathanise izintengo zemishini yokumaka emgwaqweni evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene noma abahlinzeki. Imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni ihluka kakhulu, ngemishini emincane ephushwa ngesandla ngokuvamile ebiza isilinganiso sama-$2,000 kuya ku-$10,000. Kumamodeli amakhulu, athuthuke kakhulu njengemishini ezishayelayo noma egibele ngeloli, amanani angasukela ku-$20,000 kuya ku-$300,000, kuye ngezici ezithile namandla. Ukulinganisa izindleko, ikhwalithi, kanye nenani lesikhathi eside kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umshini wokumaka emgwaqweni olingana nesabelomali sakho futhi ohlangabezana nezimfuneko zakho ngempumelelo.
2. Uhlobo lomshini
Hlola ngokucophelela uhlobo ngalunye lomshini bese ukhetha ofanelana kangcono nezidingo zakho kanye nesikali sephrojekthi. Uhlobo ngalunye lunamandla alo, ngemishini ephushwa ngesandla efanele amaphrojekthi amancane noma izindawo ezingenakufinyelela okulinganiselwe, imishini ezishayelayo ehamba phambili ngokuvala izindawo ezinkulu ngempumelelo, imishini egibele amaloli ihamba kakhulu futhi iguquguquka, imishini yokushisa kuqala eqinisekisa ukunamathela okufanele nokuqina kwezinto zokumaka, nokubanda. imishini yepulasitiki enikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nemihuzuko kanye nezimo zezulu ezinzima.
3. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla
Kufanele ubeke phambili amamodeli awonga amandla ukuze wehlise izindleko zokusebenza futhi unciphise umthelela kwezemvelo. Funa imishini enamasistimu okufudumeza athuthukile noma izinketho zamandla ayingxube ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla. Lezi zici ziholela ekongeni izindleko futhi zifaka isandla emizamweni yokusimama. Imishini yokumaka emigwaqweni eyonga amandla idla isilinganiso senani lamandla, ngezibalo ezithile ezihlukayo ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lomshini, usayizi, nomkhiqizi.
I-4. Kulula ukusetshenziswa
Cabangela izici ezifana nokuguquguquka, izilungiselelo ezilungisekayo, kanye nokugcinwa kalula ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okungenazihibe kanye nokuba lula kwama-opharetha. Ukukhetha imishini enemiklamo esebenziseka kalula kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza, njengoba opharetha bengakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezilawuli nezilungiselelo, benze umsebenzi wabo usebenze kakhudlwana. Ukwengeza, imishini enezici zokulungisa ezifinyeleleka kalula ikwenza kube lula ukwenza ukunakekelwa nokulungiswa okujwayelekile, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula nokukhulisa isikhathi sokuphila sezisetshenziswa.
I-5. Ukuqina
Funa i imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni enezingxenye eziqinile nezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ezingamelana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa njalo kanye nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene. Ngokubeka phambili ukwakhiwa okuqinile nezinto zekhwalithi, ungaba nethemba ekhonweni lomshini lokubhekana nobunzima bemiklamo yokumaka umgwaqo futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okuthembekile esikhathini eside. Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sokusebenziseka semishini yokumaka emgwaqweni singasukela eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweyi-15, kuye ngokulungiswa, ukushuba kokusetshenziswa, nokuhambisana nezinqubo zokusebenza ezinconyiwe.
6. Izici zokuphepha
Beka kuqala leyo mishini yokumaka emgwaqweni efakwe izici ezibalulekile zokuphepha. Lezi zici zingase zihlanganise amaswishi okuvala ucingo oluphuthumayo, onogada, nemiyalelo ecacile yokusebenza. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi kufanele kube yinto ephambili, njengoba kusiza ukubavikela ezingozini ezingase zibe khona futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwezindinganiso zempilo nokuphepha emsebenzini.
7. Ukuhambelana
Kubalulekile ukucabangela lokho okuhlukile imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni ingase ibe nokucaciswa okuhlukile kanye nezintandokazi mayelana nohlobo kanye ne-viscosity yezinto zokumaka ezingaziphatha ngokuphumelelayo. Qinisekisa ukuhambisana phakathi komshini nezinto zokwakha ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle. Ngokuhlola ngokucophelela ukuhambisana, ungakhetha umshini ofanelana kahle nezinto ezithile zokumaka, uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle futhi wandise ikhwalithi yezimpawu zomgwaqo ezikhiqizwayo.
Isifinyezo
Ukuthenga imishini yokumaka emgwaqweni kudinga ukucabangela intengo, uhlobo lomshini, ukonga kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kalula, ukuqina, izici zokuphepha, nokuhambisana nezinto zokumaka. Ukuhlola ngokucophelela lezi zici kukusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi futhi ukhethe umshini wokumaka emgwaqweni ohlangabezana nezidingo zakho kanye nezidingo zephrojekthi. Vakashela Cooig.com ukuhlola izinhlobonhlobo zemishini yokumaka emgwaqweni.
