Kokubili ukumbozwa kwensimbi nokucwenga kuyizinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa ungqimba oluyisivikelo endaweni. I usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke wezingubo zensimbi ibamba inani le- $ 15.3 billion ngo-2022. Ngo-2032, usayizi kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ku-CAGR ka-6.9% kuya ku-$ 30.8 billion.
I-metal plating usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba ilinganiselwa ku-$13.49 billion ngo-2020. Lesi sibalo kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphukele ku-$16.89 billion ngo-2028 ku-CAGR ka-3.26% kusukela ngo-2021 kuya ku-2028.
Okuqukethwe
Kuyini ukunamathela kwensimbi?
Kuyini ukufakwa kwensimbi?
Umehluko phakathi kwe-metal coating kanye ne-plating
Isiphetho
Kuyini ukunamathela kwensimbi?
Ukumboza kuyindlela yokusebenzisa ungqimba endaweni ethile kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali noma a powder. Into okufakwa kuyo ukunamathela yaziwa ngokuthi i-substrate. Zingaba izinto eziqinile ezihluka kusuka ezinsimbi kuya epulasitiki kanye nengilazi. I-coating ingaba egcwele noma ingxenye.
Indlela ukugqoka kwensimbi kusebenza ngayo
Ochwepheshe bangasebenzisa ibhulashi ukuze bafake enamathela impahla ngesandla ku-substrate. Enye indlela ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ecwilisa into ekubunjweni kwayo bese iyiphotha ngokushesha ukuze kuqedwe noma yikuphi ukweqisa.
Lapho into zelapheka, ikwazi ukumelana namanzi nokugqwala, inwebe isikhathi sayo sokuphila. Ugqinsi kanye nohlobo lwento esetshenzisiwe inquma ukusebenza kahle kwento esetshenziswa ku-substrate.
Izinhlobo zokumboza ezitholakala emakethe namuhla yilezi;
I-Zinc flake coating: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni zemoto nemishini, ukunamathela kunikeza isivikelo ekugugeni okubangelwa amanzi anosawoti. Ama-Zinc flakes nawo athuthukisa ukuvikeleka ezimeni zemvelo ezimbi kakhulu.
I-Zinc phosphate ne-oyela yokugqoka: Lokhu kunamathela kunikeza izinto umbala ofanayo omnyama ongagcina uwoyela futhi umelane nokugqwala. Isebenza kahle emishinini yokwakha nasezimotweni ezinzima.
I-oxide emnyama: Lokhu kunamathela kusetshenziswa emishinini esindayo esetshenziswa endlini ephatha imithwalo yemisebenzi yansuku zonke. I-Black oxide ibasiza ukuthi bamelane nokugqwala.
Lezi zicelo zokumboza zinikeza izindawo ezingaphezulu isivikelo sokuzivikela. Ezinye izinhlobo zokumboza njengopende nodayi zibalulekile ekwenzeni kube muhle.
buhle
- Ukusebenza okwengeziwe kwezinto
- Ukuncipha kokusetshenziswa kukagesi
bawo
- Isebenza kahle ezintweni ezingavezwa ukugqwala okuningi
- Idinga ukuphinda isetshenziswe uma igugile
Kuyini ukufakwa kwensimbi?
I-Plating iyinqubo yokufaka insimbi endaweni ye-conductive. Le nqubo ayiyona entsha njengoba isetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka ukwengeza izakhiwo ezinsimbi. Isibonelo se-plating ukuhlobisa ubucwebe ngesiliva noma igolide.
Indlela i-metal plating isebenza ngayo
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokucwenga okwenzeka ngazo;
I-Electroplating
Lena indlela ehilela ukusebenzisa i-ionic metal ukunikeza ama-electron ku-substrate futhi ngaleyo ndlela yakhe i-non-ionic coating ebusweni bayo. Indlela evame kakhulu ukucwilisa into eyinsimbi esixazululweni esiqukethe ama-ion nge-cathode ne-anode ezohlinzeka ngama-electron.
Ifilimu yensimbi engeyona i-ionic yakhiwa ensimbi ngokusebenzisa i-electrolysis. Le ndlela isetshenziswa embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto, imboni yezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, kanye neminyango yokuvikela ukugqwala.
I-electroless Plating
Le ndlela yokucwenga ihlanganisa ukusabela entweni eyinsimbi esixazululweni esinamanzi ukuze wengeze ifilimu ensimbi. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali lapha akudingi umthombo kagesi. Isibonelo se-electroless plating i-nickel electroless plating esetshenziswa embonini ye-aerospace.
Amanye amasu amabili okucwenga ahlanganisa ukubekelwa kwe-sputter kanye nokufakwa komhwamuko ngaphansi kwevacuum.
Ukuhluka okuqondile kokucwenga emakethe namuhla kungokulandelayo;
Ukubopha kwegolide: Ama-substrates acwetshwayo ngokuyinhloko ayizinto ezisebenza njengethusi ezisetshenziswa ezintanjeni nasemabhodini wesekethe ukuzisiza ukuthi zimelane nokugqwala. Ama-non-conductor afana nengilazi nepulasitiki nawo angafakwa ngegolide ngezizathu zobuhle.
Ukufakwa kwe-Chrome: I-Chrome plating ayivimbi kuphela ukugqwala kodwa futhi inikeza indawo ecwebezelayo ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa. Isetshenziswa emkhakheni wezimoto (amasondo kanye namanye amaphaneli omzimba wezimoto).
Ukufakwa kwesiliva: Isetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza izinsimbi zomculo nokwenza ubucwebe.
I-Zinc plating: Izinto ezenziwe ngensimbi zingaba i-zinc-plated ukubasiza ukumelana ne-oxidation. Abakhiqizi bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha abasebenzisa insimbi engagqwali noma i-aluminium basebenzisa i-zinc ezikhathini eziningi zokucwenga.
I-Copper plating: Ingenye yesiliva ngoba ishibhile futhi itholakala kalula.
I-tin Plating: Ithini ingasetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinsimbi eziyisisekelo. Ukusebenza kwawo okuyinhloko kusezimbonini ezilungisa ukudla ukwenza amathini okudla. Izakhiwo zika-tin ezingenabo ubuthi futhi zimelana nokugqwala ziyenza ibe into efanelekile yokucwecwa. Kodwa-ke, le nto ayifanele ukufakwa kwensimbi.
Ukufakwa kwe-alloy: Izinto zingaba ne-coating ehlanganisa izinsimbi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu njenge-electrolyte yazo. Isibonelo se-alloy plating yi-nickel-cobalt, ehlinzeka ngezinto zokwakha ezinamandla avelele. Abakhiqizi bemishini enzima basebenzisa i-alloy plating emikhiqizweni yabo.
buhle
- Isicelo on anhlobonhlobo izinsimbi
- Ukukhula kokuqina nokuqina kwezinsimbi
bawo
- Imifantu nama-chips lapho uchayeka endaweni enzima
Umehluko phakathi kwe-metal coating kanye ne-plating
substrate
I-substrates yokugqoka ingaba yinoma yiluphi uhlobo lwendawo, kokubili ama-conductor kanye nama-semiconductors kagesi. Zihlanganisa izindawo zensimbi, ingilazi, irabha, ukhuni, uthayela, nepulasitiki.
Ama-substrates of plating ayinsimbi eqhubayo kuphela. Azibandakanyi ingilazi, irabha, izinkuni, amathayili, nezinto zepulasitiki.
Usetshenziswa
Abantu basebenzisa ukunamathela ukuze baqinise ukunamathela, ukumelana nokugqwala, njll.
I-Plate isebenza kangcono ngezinhloso eziningi njengokuhlobisa, ukuthuthukisa ukuthengiselana, ukuqina, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana, ukuvikela imisebe, njll.
Incazelo
I-coating iyisimbozo sobuso bento ngokuyicwilisa kubhavu wamakhemikhali. Ukucwenga ukufakwa kwensimbi endaweni eqhutshwayo ukuze kwengezwe ungqimba oluyisivikelo.
Inqubo
Ukugqoka, i-substrate ingacwiliswa emanzini okugeza amakhemikhali nge-complex imishini. Ochwepheshe bangakwazi futhi ukugqoka ngesandla ngebhulashi.
Ukucwenga kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrolysis noma ukusabela ngesikhathi esisodwa endaweni yensimbi.
Isiphetho
Kokubili ukucwenga nokunamathiswa kuyizindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvikela izindawo ezingaphezulu ezintweni ezinokhahlo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqina. Kodwa-ke, ngesembozo sesikhathi eside, nakuba kubiza, ama-platings asebenza kangcono kunokugqoka. Izindwangu zinikeza enye indlela yesikhashana eshibhile esikhundleni sokugqwala. Kafushane, lo mhlahlandlela unikeza umehluko phakathi kokumboza insimbi nokucwenga, kanye nobuhle nobubi bazo.
