Iphampu yamanzi esebenzisa amandla elanga iwumqondo omusha okhulise kakhulu ukulima ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Ibhekwa njengenketho evumelana nemvelo ngenxa yamandla ayo okumpompa amanzi asuke emhlabathini ngaphandle kokudinga izibaseli ezimbiwa phansi noma igridi yamandla.
Igalelo layo ekwehliseni ukuwohloka kwe-ozone libangele ukwanda kwesidingo sayo semakethe. Ngo-2021, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yephampu yelanga yafinyelela ku-US $ 2.01 billion futhi kubikezelwa ukuthi izokhuphuka ibe yimbi kakhulu. US $ 4.06 billion ngo-2027, okulinganiselwa kuzinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika-7.2% phakathi nesikhathi sokubikezela (2022 kuya ku-2027).
Uhlelo lokupompa olunamandla elanga luyinketho yamandla esimeme futhi enempilo engashiyi ngaphandle ukungcola okuyingozi. Iphampu yelanga igcina inhlabathi kanye nendawo yasepulazini ihlanzekile, ngokungafani namaphampu kaphethiloli adala ukungcola intuthu noma ungcolise inhlabathi ngama-splash of fuel.
Funda ukuze ufunde mayelana nezinhlelo zephampu yamanzi elanga, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani eyodwa yebhizinisi lakho.
Okuqukethwe
Iyini iphampu yamanzi elanga?
Izinto ezi-5 okufanele zicatshangelwe ngaphambi kokukhetha iphampu yamanzi elanga
Izinhlobo ezingu-7 zamaphampu amanzi elanga
Isiphetho
Iyini iphampu yamanzi elanga?
Iphampu yamanzi elanga isebenza ngendlela lapho amandla amuncwa emisebeni yelanga ngamaphaneli e-PV (photovoltaic) asetshenziselwa ukumpompa amanzi emhlabathini.
Amaphaneli e-photovoltaic (PV) athola amandla elanga (ukukhanya kwelanga) futhi awaguqule abe ugesi, kuyilapho isithuthuthu sikagesi sephampu siguqula amandla kagesi sibe amandla omshini, bese sishukumisa iphampu ukudonsa amanzi phansi, ngomshini.
Uhlelo lwephampu yamanzi elanga luqukethe iphampu yamanzi ye-DC, ithangi lokugcina amanzi, ibhokisi le-fuse, izintambo zikagesi, isilawuli se-MPPT se-solar charge, kanye ne-solar panel array.
Amaphampu amanzi asebenzisa amandla elanga ayindlela esebenza kangcono kunamaphampu asebenza ngodizili noma ugesi osetshenziswayo. Azinawo umkhondo wemvelo omkhulu, zisebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi zishibhile kakhulu ukuzinakekela nokuzifaka.
Lobu buchwepheshe obusha buxhaswe kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya ngezinhloso zezolimo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kudingeka khona omunye umthombo wamandla. Abuye asetshenziselwa izinjongo zasekhaya futhi manje asewumthombo omkhulu wamanzi ezindaweni eziningi ezikude.
Abalimi bakhetha amasistimu elanga kunamajeneretha kagesi wegridi/amaphampu ngenxa yokonga kwabo kwezindleko zesikhathi eside, kanye nekhono labo lokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza kwezolimo.
Izinto ezi-5 okufanele zicatshangelwe ngaphambi kokukhetha iphampu yamanzi elanga
Kunezinto okufanele uzazi mayelana namaphampu amanzi elanga ngaphambi kokuthatha isinyathelo sokuthengela ibhizinisi lakho elilodwa. Amathiphu abhalwe ngezansi anikeza ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nokusebenza kwemakethe kwezomnotho, izindleko, kanye nokusebenza kwephampu yamanzi elanga.
1. Ukusimama komnotho
Kubalulekile ukucwaninga imakethe ukuze uhlole izindleko zezomnotho kanye nezinzuzo zezezimali zesistimu yephampu yemithombo yamanzi elanga ngaphambi kokudlulela phambili ukuze uthole umkhiqizo. Eminye imikhiqizo ingase ibonakale iyinhle, kodwa ingase ingahehi izinzuzo ezinhle zezezimali.
Yonke iphampu yamanzi elanga iza namandla ayo emakethe ayingqayizivele, futhi amaphesenti amakhulu abalimi emhlabeni wonke sebeqala ukwamukela umqondo wokusebenzisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuze banikeze amandla amaphrojekthi ezolimo.
Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi uhlola ukuba nokwenzeka kwezezimali nezomnotho kwephampu yamanzi elanga, cabanga ukubheka ezinye izici zangaphandle njengosayizi, ukusebenza kahle, umthelela wendawo, ukuqina, njll. ngaphambi kokuphetha ngokuthi yimuphi umkhiqizo ongawuthenga.
I-2. Izindleko
Izindleko ziyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho uzama ukuthola ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lwephampu yelanga ongaluthenga. Ukuze uthole inzuzo engcono kakhulu ekuthengeni kwakho iphampu yamanzi elanga, hlola imikhiqizo etholakalayo bese uqhathanisa amanani ayo. Amaphampu elanga athengeka kakhulu kulezi zinsuku njengoba amanani abo enciphe kakhulu ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwezindleko zamaphaneli e-PV.
Ngo-1977, ukuthunyelwa kwesistimu yelanga kubiza cishe ama-US $76 iwathi ngayinye, kwathi ngo-2015, lelo nani lehla kakhulu I-US $ 0.3. Imakethe ye-solar PV ibikezelwa ukuthi izoba ne-a 59% pyehla ngo-2025 (uma kuqhathaniswa namanani ka-2015). Njengoba amanani elokhu ehla, amaphampu amanzi elanga amancane azohlasela imakethe, futhi abalimi abancane nabakhulu bazokwazi ukuwathenga.
3. Ukufakwa, ukusebenza, nokugcinwa kahle
Iphampu lamanzi elanga lizodinga ukufakwa nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuba selithengiwe. Abantu abaningi bagxila kuphela emigomeni yokuthenga imikhiqizo ngaphandle kokucabangela izindleko zokuyifaka, ukunakekelwa, kanye nokusebenza.
Isistimu yelanga efakwe kahle ehlolwa njalo futhi inakekelwe kungenzeka ihlale isikhathi eside. Amakhasimende adinga ukukhunjuzwa ngokubaluleka kokufaka nezabelomali zokulungisa lapho kuthengwa khona.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunikeza amakhasimende iphampu esebenza ngamandla elanga kanye nokubanikeza ezinye izinsizakalo zangemva kokuthengisa ezifana nokufakwa nosizo lokunakekela, ngeke nje kudale ukuthengisa okuphindaphindiwe kodwa kuzoheha amakhasimende amasha futhi kuthuthukise imali engenayo.
4. Ikhwalithi yokulawula
Imikhiqizo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamaphampu amanzi elanga idinga uhlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi. Ama-e-tailers kufanele acabange ukubeka isilawuli sekhwalithi esithombeni lapho etshala imali kumasistimu amaphampu elanga. Yakha isakhiwo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi esivumela ukulethwa kwemishini yekhwalithi ephezulu engafaki impilo yamakhasimende engcupheni.
Vele, maningi kakhulu amaphampu amanzi elanga asohlwini oludayiswa ku-inthanethi kodwa akuwona wonke awo ayiqiniso. Ukuze uhlale usendleleni ngokunikeza imikhiqizo eyanelisa izimfuno zamakhasimende, setha isistimu yokulawula ikhwalithi eqinile, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi yonke imikhiqizo ihlolwa ngokucophelela. Izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwebhizinisi, zivikele isithunzi sebhizinisi futhi zilivikele ezingozini.
5. Ukuphathwa kwamanzi
Lapho uhlelo lokumpompa amanzi luthinteka khona, uhlelo lokuphatha amanzi lubalulekile. Endaweni enokukhanya kwelanga okuphansi, kubalulekile ukuthola ithange lamanzi elikhulu elizosiza ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamanzi okungashintshi ngisho nangezinsuku eziguqubele.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubekela phambili ngokuthola iphampu yamanzi elanga, hlonza umsebenzisi oqondiwe kanye nezidingo zakhe ezingase zibe khona. Isistimu yokumpompa kufanele ingene ohlelweni oluthile lomgudu wamanzi, futhi uma amanzi ezosetshenziswa ekhaya, kuzodingeka alashwe amagciwane noma isikhunta.
Izinhlobo ezingu-7 zamaphampu amanzi elanga
1. Ukuchelela iphampu yamanzi elanga
Amanzi la Ipump uhlelo lunomklamo ozenzakalelayo wokuzenzakalela. Umshini unenzwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ekwazi ukubona futhi iyeke ukusebenza lapho amanzi omile, bese iqhubeka lapho amanzi etholakala.
Iphampu yakhelwe izinjongo zokunisela, enezici ezipholile ezifana nalezi: ububanzi bamandla abanzi, izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza (okunomthelela ekwehlisweni kwezindleko zamandla), uzibuthe unomphela i-DC brushless synchronous motor, ukuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu/okwamanje kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, nokunye. Lolu uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu lwephampu yamanzi elanga eliletha amanzi athembekile ngezinjongo zokulima.
Izici:
- Unomphela uzibuthe DC brushless motor synchronous
- Ikhoyili yemoto inobuchwepheshe obuphakathi nendawo
- Isivikelo sokushoda kwamanzi esihlakaniphile
- Idizayini engangeni manzi futhi ingavuzi
- Isibonisi se-LED samandla, i-voltage, yamanje, isivinini, njll.
- Iwaranti: iminyaka engu-2
Inani: $170.00 - $180.00
buhle:
- Ukuthembeka okuphezulu kanye nempilo yokusebenza
- Inesicelo esikhulu: ukuchelela emapulazini, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi asekhaya, njll.
- Ukuthwala kwayo kabili kungasebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-axial eyengeziwe
- Umklamo ozenzakalelayo ogcwele
- Ukufakwa okulula nokusebenza
- I-voltage ephezulu/ukuvikelwa kwamanje kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu
bawo:
- Incike kakhulu emazingeni emisebe yelanga
- Awunawo amandla okumunca
- Kukhona izingozi ezingenzeka ze-cavitation
2. Iphampu yokushisa yelanga
Lokhu isifudumezi selanga inikeza izindlela ezihlakaniphile nezisebenzayo zokuhlinzeka ngamanzi ezimbonini, emapulazini, emiphakathini, ezikoleni nasemizini. Iza nohlelo lokusebenza lweselula kanye nobuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi obukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise idivayisi yakho yeselula ukuze ulawule iphampu yokushisa.
Isebenza kahle kakhulu ngo-20%, kanye nesiqandisi se-GWP esingu-R134. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ihambisana nemvelo. Ngomfutho wayo ophansi, iphephe kakhulu futhi inganikeza izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuphuma kwamanzi.
Izici:
- Ubukhulu. 80℃ izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokuphuma kwamanzi
- Umsebenzi wohlelo lokusebenza lweselula ngobuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi
- Ukucindezela okuphezulu nokuvikelwa kokucindezela okuphansi
- I-impeller yezinto ezihlukene
- Ukuphakamisa okuphansi nokugeleza okukhulu, kulungele ukuchelela
- Iwaranti: Unyaka we-1
Inani: $12,890.00 - $14,282.00
buhle:
- ukuqeqesheka High
- Ukuvikelwa okunganqandeki
- Ukuvikelwa kokushisa okuphezulu
- Ukuvikelwa kwesigaba sokuhlehla
- Isistimu yesiqandisi ene-eco-friendly design
bawo:
- Izindleko zokuthenga eziphezulu
- Isisindo esindayo
- Kuncike esimweni sezulu
3. Amaphampu elanga angaphezulu
Inketho elandelayo iyona esebenza kahle kakhulu iphampu yelanga engaphezulu ngesilawuli se-MPPT (ukuze kube lula nokusebenza okuhlakaniphile). Iphampu inezinga eliphezulu lokusebenzisa amandla elanga, futhi umklamo uyivumela ukuba iqoqe amandla elanga, iwagcine futhi iwasebenzise kabusha ukudonsa amanzi asuka ngaphansi komhlaba aye endaweni engaphansi.
Okugqamile kwephampu kufaka phakathi inhlobo ebanzi yamandla kagesi okufakwayo, umphumela wokuvala uphawu oluphindwe kabili (imisebenzi engangeni manzi nengavuzi), idizayini yokuvikela imoto yepompo, nokunye.
Izici:
- Ukugeleza okuphezulu: 6.6 m3/h
- Ikhanda elikhulu: 35 m (lingakwazi ukumpompa ibanga elingu-420 m elivundlile)
- Umphumela wokuvala kabili
- Idizayini engangeni manzi futhi ingavuzi
- Isilawuli se-MPPT
- Izibonisi ze-LED zamandla, i-voltage, yamanje, isivinini, njll.
Inani: $137.04 - $178.05
buhle:
- Inzwa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi eyenza ukuthi iqale ngokuzenzakalelayo (uma amanzi etholakala) futhi iyeke ukusebenza (uma amanzi engatholakali)
- Idizayini engangeni manzi futhi ingavuzi
- Idizayini yokuvikela imoto yephampu
- I-Zero impulse current
- Ukufakwa okulula nokusebenza
- I-voltage ephezulu/ukuvikelwa kwamanje kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu
bawo:
- Kuncike kakhulu esimweni sezulu
- Idinga opharetha ongumuntu
4. Uhlelo lwephampu yelanga
Lokhu Ipump ifika iphelele nama-solar panel, shaft yensimbi engagqwali, kanye nebhokisi lokulawula. Iphampu esebenza ngelanga inamandla anamandla okumpompa amanzi ajulile. Iphinde ibe nokuzwela kokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Iphampu ibonakala ngokugeleza okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu, ukuvikela isihlabathi, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu, impilo ende yesevisi, nokonga amandla. Kuyimishini efanelekile yezimboni, imindeni, ezolimo, i-geology, i-hydrology, kanye nokupompa noma ukwehlisa ubunjiniyela bamanzi..
Izici:
- Unomphela uzibuthe DC brushless motor synchronous
- Ikhoyili yemoto inobuchwepheshe obuphakathi nendawo
- Isivikelo sokushoda kwamanzi esihlakaniphile
- Idizayini engangeni manzi futhi ingavuzi
- Ukugeleza okuphezulu, nokuvumelana nezimo okuhle kakhulu
- Idizayini yekhwalithi ephezulu engagqoki
Inani: $150.04 - $200.06
buhle:
- Ikhono lokonga amandla
- Ukuthembeka okuphezulu kanye nempilo yokusebenza
- Inesicelo esikhulu: ukuchelela emapulazini, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi asekhaya, njll.
- Ikhwalithi ephezulu yokuvikela ukushoda kwamanzi okuhlakaniphile
- Ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto
- Ukufakwa okulula nokusebenza
- Ikhoyili yemoto inobuchwepheshe obuphakathi nendawo
bawo:
- Incike kakhulu emazingeni emisebe yelanga
- Awunawo amandla okumunca
5. Iphampu yamanzi yelanga engaphansi kwe-brushless
Amanzi awonga ugesi Ipump eklanyelwe ukuletha amanzi ngezinhloso zasekhaya noma zezolimo. Ilungele ukumpompa ngevolumu ephezulu, njengokuhlinzeka ngamanzi amachibi okubhukuda, ukulima kwamachibi, ukuchelela, njll. Lo mshini uthembekile kakhulu futhi unikeza impilo ende yokusebenza.
Ngokungafani nezinhlelo eziningi zokupompa, iza namaphaneli elanga angaphezu kuka-6 kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifana nekhithi ye-splice yokuhlanganisa ikhebula nokuvimbela amanzi, isilawuli se-MPPT, njll.
Lena inketho yephampu esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi evumelana nemvelo, enamandla okugcina nokuhlinzeka amandla anele.
Izici:
- Ubukhulu. ukugeleza: 6,000 amalitha ngehora
- Amaphaneli elanga we-6
- Isixhumi esihlangene sokukhipha iphampu
- Ikhithi yokuhlanganisa yokuhlanganisa ikhebula
- Ikhithi ye-splice yokuvimbela amanzi
- Isilawuli se-MPPT
- isibonisi LED
Inani: $50.01 - $500.14
buhle:
- Ukuthembeka okuphezulu kanye nempilo ende yokusebenza
- I-voltage, yamanje, nokuvikelwa kwamandla
- Isicelo: ipulazi noma ikhaya
- Amaphampu angaphansi kwe-brushless e-DC
- ukufakwa Easy
bawo:
- Idinga ukuqapha okuseduze
- Idinga ukulungiswa
- Kuncike esimweni sezulu
6. Iphampu yelanga enengcindezi ephezulu
Lokhu high-pressure solar Ipump isiza ekuletheni amanzi ahlanzekile okunisela engadini, ukulima kwamachibi, ukugcina amanzi, amanzi asendlini, amanzi emfuleni, kanye nokuqinisa amanzi ampompi. Le futha esebenza kahle kakhulu iza namasethi okusebenza, okuhlanganisa isilawuli esihlakaniphile esakhelwe ngaphakathi, injini kazibuthe ehlala i-brushless, amakhoyili ethusi ahlanzekile, i-rotor enembayo ephezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, nokunye.
Izici:
- Ukunemba okuphezulu
- I-rotor enembayo ephezulu
- I-impeller yethusi
- Brushless unomphela kazibuthe motor
- Umsebenzi we-MPPT
Inani: $ 50.00 - $ 54.00
buhle:
- Ukukhipha ukushisa okusebenzayo
- Ikhwalithi ephezulu ye-silicon steel sheet
- Isilawuli esihlakaniphile esakhelwe ngaphakathi
- Ukugeleza kwamanzi aphezulu
- Ukubekwa uphawu okungcono futhi okuzinzile
- Ukuvikelwa okweqile
- Ukuvikelwa kwe-overvoltage kanye ne-under-voltage
- Uhlelo lokusebenza olubanzi: ukugcinwa kwamanzi, amanzi asendlini, amanzi omfula, ukuchelela engadini, ukulima kwamachibi
bawo:
- Idinga ukuqapha okuseduze
- Awunawo amandla okumunca
- Kuncike esimweni sezulu
7. Iphampu yemithombo yelanga ejulile
Umthombo ojulile welanga Ipump ngesilawuli se-MPPT esingalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini semoto ngokusekelwe ekushubeni kokukhanya kwelanga. Umshini unempilo ende yesevisi enomklamo ongavuzi futhi ongagugi.
Ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kazibuthe okuhambisanayo unomphela kuphezulu ngokufinyelela ku-80%, futhi ngo-20% ephakeme kunaleyo yamamotho ajwayelekile. I-impeller yensimbi engagqwali kanye ne-polymer plastic guide vane isiza ukugeleza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nobubanzi bokuphakamisa. Lona umshini osebenza kahle kakhulu ongaletha amanzi anokwethenjelwa ukuze asetshenziswe ekhaya, ukuchelela emapulazini, kanye namanzi ezimbonini.
Izici:
- ukuqeqesheka High
- I-impeller yensimbi engagqwali
- I-Aloy/silicon carbide mechanical seal
- Amandla okokufaka: 12V
- Isilawuli esinengqondo
- Iphampu yamanzi engaphansi kwe-Photovoltaic DC
Inani: $ 187.68 - $ 215.83
buhle:
- Ukulondoloza amandla
- Ukuvimbela ukuvuza
- Ukumelana nokugqoka
- Kwezemvelo
- Umsebenzi wokulandelela we-MPPT
- Ukufakwa okulula nokusebenza
- Ibanga lokuphakamisa okuphezulu kanye nezinga lokugeleza
bawo:
- Kuncike kakhulu esimweni sezulu
- Idinga opharetha ongumuntu
Isiphetho
Amaphampu amanzi elanga anezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, ezihlanganisa, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kampompi, ukusefa kwe-aquarium yokunisela epulazini, ukuchelela engadini, ukugcwaliswa kwamachibi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, phakathi kwabanye abaningi. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwazo emikhakheni eminingi, isidingo semakethe sikhuphuka njalo.
Amaphampu amanzi elanga athola amandla amaningi ekuniseleni ngenxa yekhono lawo lokusebenza ngokuphumelelayo ezimeni lapho ezinye izindlela zingakwazi ukusebenza, okuwenza abe yimikhiqizo emihle yokutshala imali.
Kodwa lapho ukhetha iphampu yamanzi elanga yebhizinisi lakho, futhi thatha ezinye izinto ezakha isistimu yephampu yamanzi elanga eligcwele, njengezinsiza zokuma amathangi, amaphaneli elanga, amapayipi, izinjini, amashafti, nezinye izingxenye ezisiza umshini ukuthi usebenze. Vakashela Cooig.com ukubona anhlobonhlobo anconywe kakhulu amakhithi epompo yamanzi elanga amakhasimende azowabheka.
