Umnotho Osebenza Kahle: Isibuyekezo Sezomnotho SaseCanada

Ukwenyuka kwamanani entengo yezimpahla kanye nokunciphisa ukuvalwa kwezindawo okubangelwa ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 (coronavirus) kukhuphule ukwanda komnotho waseCanada ngo-2022.

Iqhutshwa ukukhuphuka kwemali yabathengi nebhizinisi, i-GDP yangempela yaseCanada inyuke ngo-3.3% ngonyaka ngekota yesibili ka-2022, yenza kahle kakhulu kunezinye iminotho ehamba phambili. Ikakhulukazi, imikhawulo esusiwe yandisa ukuhamba konke, indawo yokuhlala kanye nezinsizakalo zokudla neziphuzo, okuqhubekisela ukukhula komnotho.

Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwamandla emali okushisayo kanye nezinga lenzalo elikhulayo kulindeleke ukuthi kukhawulwe ukukhula phakathi nengxenye yesibili yonyaka kuyilapho ukwesaba ukwehla komnotho kukhula.

Imakethe yezabasebenzi

• Ngekota yesibili ka-2022, izinga labantu abangasebenzi lehle laya ku-4.9% njengoba umnotho uqhubeka nokusimama kulolu bhubhane lwe-coronavirus. Nokho, lesi simo sashintsha ngokushesha, njengoba ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kukhula ngo-July futhi kwakhuphuka ngo-0.5% kuya ku-5.4% ngo-August.
• Njengoba iBhange LaseCanada liqala ukukhuphula izinga lenzalo ukuze lilwe nokukhuphuka kwamandla emali, imakethe yezabasebenzi yehla. E-United States, izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi nalo lenyuka ngo-August 2022; nokho, kwakungenxa yokwanda kwenani labasebenzi, hhayi ukwehla kwenani lemisebenzi.
• Ngekota yesibili yowezi-2022, inani lokuqashwa kwabantu likhuphuke ngo-0.1% ngenxa yentuthuko yezomnotho; kodwa-ke, inani labasebenzi emnothweni liqale ukwehla ngo-June, okungenzeka ukuthi liguqule ukuqashwa kwabantu abaphansi phakathi nekota yesithathu ka-2022.
• Isilinganiso seholo lehora, elilinganiswa ngamadola amanje, belilokhu lilingana futhi libikezelwa ngenxa yesimo sokwehla kwamandla emali. Kodwa-ke, amaholo ngehora athole ukwenyuka okuphezulu kakhulu ngo-2022, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali, okukhuphuke ngo-2.5% kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2022.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemali yabathengi 

• Izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwezindlu (i-HCE) e-Canada ziqhubekile nokukhuphuka ngekota yesibili ka-2022, ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwabathengi kuphakeme kunezindleko zangaphambi kobhubhane phakathi nekota yesibili ka-2019. Phakathi nengxenye yokuqala ka-2022, i-HCE inyuke ngo-13.2% uma iqhathaniswa nengxenye yokuqala ka-2021. Phakathi nekota yesibili, ukusetshenziswa kwemali konyaka ongaphezu konyaka okungu-14.8 kwenyukile.
• Ukwenyuka kwezindlela zokusetshenziswa konyaka nonyaka ngekota yesibili kuhole ngokusetshenziswa kwemali ezimpahleni nasezicathulweni ezikhuphuke ngo-41.7%, ukusetshenziswa kwezokungcebeleka namasiko kukhuphuke ngo-30.8% nokusetshenziswa kwempahla nempahla yasendlini kukhule ngama-27.8%.
• Naphezu kokwenyuka okuphelele kwe-HCE ngekota yesibili, ukukhula kwacindezelwa ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwezemfundo kwehle ngo-2.5% uma kuqhathaniswa nekota yokuqala ka-2022. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwemali ezindlini, amanzi, ugesi, igesi nokunye uphethiloli kwehle ngo-0.9% ngekota yesibili kanti ukusetshenziswa konyaka nonyaka kulesi sigaba kunyuke ngo-7.8%. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwegesi kunciphile phakathi nekota yesibili ka-2022, lokhu ngokuyinhloko nje kungenxa yokusabela ekwenyukeni okukhulu okutholwe ngekota yokuqala.

Ukwehla kwamandla

• Ukwehla kwamandla emali, okukalwa ngenkomba yentengo yomthengi okuhlanganisa ukudla namandla, kukhuphuke ngo-7.6% unyaka nonyaka kusukela ngoJulayi 2022. Lokhu kumelela ukwehla kancane kusukela ngoJuni 2022, lapho ukwehla kwamandla emali unyaka nonyaka kukhuphuke ngo-7.7%.
• Ukwehla kwamandla emali ngokuyinhloko kubangelwa ukwehla kwezinga lokukhuphuka kwentengo kaphethiloli. Amanani kaphethiloli akhuphuke ngo-35.6% unyaka nonyaka kusukela ngoJulayi 2022, kulandela ukukhuphuka kwama-54.6% unyaka nonyaka ngoJuni.
• Izintengo zegesi zehla ngenxa yesidingo esiphansi sikawoyela e-United States nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ukwengeza, ukukhathazeka okuhlobene nokwehla komnotho womhlaba kube nomthelela ekwehleni kwesidingo namanani entengo.
• Ngokuphambene, intengo yokudla inyuke ngo-9.2% unyaka nonyaka kusukela ngoJulayi 2022, okumele inyuke ngo-0.9% inyanga nenyanga.
• Njengoba izintengo zamandla nokudla ziguquguquka ngokukhethekile, ukwehla kwamandla emali nakho kukalwa ngaphandle kwalezi zinto. Ngaphandle kokudla namandla, ukwehla kwamandla emali konyaka nonyaka kukhuphuke ngo-6.6% kusukela ngoJulayi 2022.
• Sekukonke, ukwehla kwamandla emali kuqhubekile nokukhula ngesivinini esisheshayo kunamaholo ehora, anyuke ngo-5.2% unyaka nonyaka kusukela ngoJulayi 2022, okunikeza abathengi amandla amancane okuthenga.

Ukwakhiwa: Canada

• Njengoba umnotho waseCanada usuqale ukusimama ekungaqinisekini kobhubhane lwe-coronavirus, inani lomsebenzi wokwakha lenyuke ngekota yokuqala ka-2022, kanti amanani enzalo ahlala ephansi.
• Nokho, umsebenzi wokwakha usuwonke wehla ngekota yesibili. Lokhu kuncipha kungase kudalwe ngokuyinhloko ekukhuphukeni kwamazinga enzalo. Lokhu kuhamba kancane kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke futhi kubangele ngisho nomsebenzi wokwakha wehle njengoba amanani enzalo elokhu ekhuphuka.
• Njengoba ukuqina kwezimali kungase kuqhubeke, amanani enzalo kulindeleke ukuthi aqhubeke ekhuphuka ukuze kuzinzise ukwehla kwamandla emali.
• Kodwa-ke, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo okungezona ezokuhlala kusebenze ngenani eliphansi kusukela kwafinyelela inani eliphakeme ngoJuni 2020. Kusukela kuleso siqongo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezokwakha okungezona ezokuhlala kuye kwehle kancane kancane. Lo mkhuba ngokuyinhloko uwumphumela wokungaqiniseki kwezomnotho okukhulu okuzungeze impi yase-Ukraine, ukuqopha ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphezulu, imikhawulo eqhubekayo ye-coronavirus nezinye izinselelo zomnotho. Lokhu kungaqiniseki kwezomnotho kuvame ukuvimbela abatshalizimali ekucabangeleni amaphrojekthi okukhulisa nokukhula kwesikhathi eside.

Ukwakhiwa: Ontario

• Njengoba i-Ontario yathinteka kakhulu emiphumeleni emibi yokuvalwa kobhubhane, ukwakhiwa okuphelele kwehle ngokushesha e-Ontario kunaseCanada iyonke. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kuJulayi 2022, inani lokwakhiwa kwehle ngo-4.6% e-Ontario, kanti ukwakhiwa ezweni lonke kukhule ngo-2.8% ngesikhathi esifanayo.
• Lokhu kwanda komsebenzi wokwakha okungezona izindawo zokuhlala kungase kubangelwe ikakhulukazi ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukahulumeni nokutshalwa kwezimali ngo-2022.

Izimakethe zezimali

• Inzalo yenqubomgomo yamanje ikhuphuke isamba esingu-2.75%, okuhlosiwe manje ku-3.25% kusukela ngo-Septhemba 7^th. Ngokuvumelana nokwehla kwamandla emali okuhlosiwe kweBhange LaseCanada ngo-2.0%, ukuqiniswa kwezimali okunonya kuye kwagunyazwa ngokwenyuka kwamaphuzu ayi-100 ngoJulayi, okulandelwa ukwenyuka kwamaphoyinti angama-75 ngoSepthemba. Kulindeleke ukuthi leli bhange liqhubeke nokuqiniswa kwezimali inqobo nje uma ukwehla kwamandla emali kusalokhu kuphezulu.
• Ukuphendula ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus, iBhange LaseCanada laqala uhlelo lokuthenga impahla ukuze libe nenani elanele lesikweletu kubathengi nakumabhizinisi. Ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali okuqhubekayo, ukuthengwa kwempahla kuyekile kusukela ngoMashi 2022. Ukusiza ekuqiniseni inani, iBhange LaseCanada seliqalile ukuthengisa izimpahla, njengamabhondi, ukuze kwehliswe ukutholakala kwemali emnothweni.
• Ukukhathazeka ngokwehla kwamandla emali kube nesisindo esikhulu ku-S&P/TSX, okubangele ukuthi inkomba yehle ngo-11.1% unyaka kuze kube manje. Ingxenye yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ibingumkhakha owenza kabi kakhulu, yehle ngo-45.8% ngekota yesibili, okungenzeka kube umphumela wokungaqiniseki kwabatshalizimali mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-biotech namanani ezidakamizwa. Izinkampani ze-Biotech ngokuvamile zithwala ubungozi obukhulu kubatshalizimali. Ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali okuphakeme, imizwa yabatshalizimali yaphendukela kweminye imikhakha efana nezamandla. Amandla yiwona mkhakha owenza kahle kakhulu, abuyise ama-2.7% ngekota yesibili. Nakuba isidingo sikawoyela negesi yemvelo sidale izinzuzo, ukulungiswa kabusha kwezintengo zempahla kuguqule izingxenye ezinkulu kulo mkhakha zibe zimbi.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwezilinganiso zobungozi

• Ubungozi ngo-2020 baguquguquka kakhulu, kwathi ama-65.7% ezimboni athathwa njengengcuphe ephakathi nendawo noma enkulu ngenxa yalolu bhubhane kanye nemisebenzi yezomnotho ephansi ehlobene.
• Ngenkathi ubungozi ngo-2021 bebulinganisene kakhulu, bebulokhu buphakanyisiwe njengoba imikhawulo eminingi yobhubhane isekhona, kwavela okuhlukile okusha nokuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kwaba kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ama-41.1% ezimboni akalwe njengengozi ephakathi nendawo noma enkulu ngo-2021.
• Umbono wobungozi kulindeleke ukuthi uthuthuke kakhulu ngo-2022 njengoba umnotho ululama kulolu bhubhane ngama-27.8% ezimboni ezikleliswe njengengozi ephakathi nendawo noma enkulu.
• Kodwa-ke, i-2023 kanye ne-2024 ibeka ukungaqiniseki okuthile kwezomnotho njengoba ukwehla kwamandla emali kuhlala kuphezulu futhi impi yase-Ukraine iyaqhubeka nokusongela amaketanga okuhlinzeka emhlabeni wonke, okudala ukwanda kwengozi ngesikhathi sombono.

Ukubuka kwe-macro

Njengoba umnotho waseCanada usuvulwe kabusha futhi nemikhawulo ehlobene nobhubhane isusiwe kakhulu, umnotho wanda, kwathi ikota yesibili ka-2022 okumaka ukwenyuka kwekota kwesishiyagalombili kulandelana.

Nakuba isidingo sabathengi nebhizinisi sihleli siqinile kusukela ngekota yesine ka-2021, lokhu kuye kwaqhubeka nokudlula ukunikezwa kwamandla, okuqhubekisela phambili ukwehla kwamandla emali. Naphezu kwamanani aphezulu kawoyela negesi yemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kwabathengi akuzange kwehle, okuqhutshwa ukuntuleka kwezinye izindlela.

Nakuba iCanada isebenze kahle kakhulu kuneminye iminotho ehamba phambili phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yonyaka, ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphezulu, ukwehla kwezindlu kanye nezibalo zemisebenzi eziya ziba zimbi phakathi nekota yesithathu kubonisa ukuthi umnotho ulahlekelwa amandla, okwandisa ukukhathazeka kokuwohloka komnotho okuqhubekela phambili.

Ukuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine kuholele ekwenyukeni kwamanani entengo kawoyela nezinye izimpahla, okuthuthukiswa ukufunwa ngokweqile kwabathengi emhlabeni jikelele. Ukwengeza, impi ikhulise ukuminyana kwemikhumbi njengoba amabhizinisi ezulazula ekunqanyulweni kwamanethiwekhi aseRussia.

Njengoba ukuphazamiseka kokuthengwa kwempahla emhlabeni jikelele kuba kubi kakhulu, kulindeleke ukuthi amanani entengo yempahla yaseCanada aqhubeke nokukhuphuka, okuzophumela ethubeni eliyingqayizivele lezinkampani zaseCanada ukuba zithole inzuzo yokuncintisana emikhakheni yamandla nempahla, ikakhulukazi kwezolimo. Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kuhlomule ibhalansi yezohwebo, inzuzo yezinkampani, ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi namandla edola laseCanada.

Abathengisi bangaphandle baseCanada basengozini yomjikelezo wezomnotho e-United States. Njengoba umnotho wase-US uba mubi kakhulu, iCanada ibitshala imali eningi ku-Foreign Direct Investment. Lokhu cishe kuzoqinisa ubudlelwano nabanye ozakwethu bohwebo ukuze kwehliswe inani lengozi ehambisana nokuchayeka kumlingani oyedwa omkhulu wezohwebo.

Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zomkhakha

Indawo yokuhlala kanye Nezinsiza Zokudla - Imikhawulo ephakanyisiwe ehlobene nobhubhane iqhubekisele phambili umsebenzi wezokuvakasha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali kwabathengi ekudleni kude nasekhaya. Ngenxa yalokho, i- Izindawo zokudlela ezigcwele izinkonzo futhi Amabhawa nama-nightclub izimboni zihlomule ngokukhuphuka kwesidingo. Ukwengeza, njengoba umnotho usuvuleleke kabusha kwezokuvakasha zasekhaya nezokuvakasha ekuqaleni konyaka, i- Amahhotela nama Motels futhi Izindawo zokukhempa kanye Nezindawo Zokungcebeleka Zezimoto izimboni seziphinde zaqina.

Ezezimali kanye Nomshwalense - IBhange LaseCanada liqhubekile nokwenyuka kwezinga lenzalo okushubile ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamandla emali kanye nempi eqhubekayo e-Ukraine. Njengoba izilinganiso zenzalo zikhuphuka, amabhange azuza ezindlekweni eziphakeme zokuboleka amakhasimende, okwandisa imali engenayo yenzalo nenzuzo. Lezi zindleko zokuboleka ezinyusiwe kulindeleke ukuthi ziqhubeke zizuzise i Ukuhweba Kwebhizinisi futhi Ukuphathwa Kwemalimboleko, Hlola Imali kanye Nezinye Izinkonzo izimboni.

Ukumayini - Impi yase-Ukraine iphazamise amaketanga okuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke, iqhubekisela phambili amanani entengo, okuhlanganisa uwoyela negesi. Ukwengeza, ukuvinjelwa kokuhlinzekwa kweRussia kuye kwacindezela iCanada ukuthi inyuse ukunikezwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe emakethe yomhlaba. Ngokulandelayo, lokhu kuye kwakhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwezihlabathi zikawoyela, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzise Ukumba Kawoyela kanye Nokumba Igesiimboni.

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