Abakhiqizi bezolimo babe negalelo elikhulu ekukhuleni komkhiqizo wasemapulazini. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhiqizwa kwemishini yezolimo eseqophelweni eliphezulu enciphisa izindleko zempahla yasepulazini njengabasebenzi.
Ngokutholakala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yezolimo, umsebenzi omningi ungenziwa phakathi nesikhathi esifushane. Lesi sihloko sizokukhanyisela ngabakhi bemishini yezolimo abayi-10 abaphambili.
Okuqukethwe
Isidingo kanye nesabelo semakethe semishini yezolimo
Izinhlobo zemishini yezolimo
Top 10 abakhiqizi bemishini yezolimo
Isiphetho
Isidingo kanye nesabelo semakethe semishini yezolimo
Isidingo semishini yezolimo siyakhula ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu emhlabeni. Abalimi basemazwenikazi afana ne-Asia bamukela imishini yezolimo kunanini ngaphambili ukuze bakhulise ukusebenza kahle futhi bahambisane nesidingo esikhulayo sokudla.
I-Afrika nayo ibhekene nokwanda kwenani labantu futhi ifuna ukwenza imishini yayo yezolimo ibe yesimanje ngokusuka ekulimeni ngezandla. Ngo-2000, inani labantu base-Afrika yayiyizigidi ezingama-800 uma kuqhathaniswa nezigidigidi eziyi-1.4 ngo-2022, okuwukunyuka ngo-75% eminyakeni engama-20 kuphela.
Ukwanda okunjalo, kuhlanganiswe nalokho kwe-Asia-Pacific, kuzonyusa isidingo semishini yezolimo kakhulu. Ngo-2021, inani le imishini yokulima emhlabeni wonke bekungama-US $ 157.89 billion. Kulindeleke ukuthi inyuke isuka ku-US $168.3 billion iye ku-US $272.6 billion ngo-2029, ikhule ngezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika-7.1%.
Izinhlobo zemishini yezolimo
Abagundayo
Abagundayo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukusika utshani obude ngaphambi kokulima endaweni yokulima. Lokhu kuhlukile ekuvuneni, okusebenzisa imishini efanayo.
Ama-mowers afika ngezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
- Push-back mower: Sisebenza ngumuntu ngokuyiphusha ngemuva
- I-Zero-turn mower: I-mower ejwayelekile enerediyasi eyiziro uma amasondo okushayela amabili ejika ezinhlangothini eziphambene
- Umshini wokugunda: Ayiphushwa ngesandla; kungaba ugandaganda wotshani lapho u-opharetha ehlezi khona
- Donsela ngemuva: Ilungiswa ngemuva kukagandaganda futhi idonswe ukuze kube lula ukusika utshani
- I-Belly-mounted mower: Ivamise ukugxunyekwa ngaphansi kukagandaganda phakathi kwamasondo amane
Abalimi
Umlimi iyithuluzi lomshini lokuphula nokusiphula ukhula. Ama-cultivators afika ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, njengama-rotary kanye nama-sharp-tooth tiller, abuye aziwe ngokuthi ama-shanks.
I-rotary isebenzisa ama-disc ukuze ilime insimu, kuyilapho amazinyo acijile eyizingwegwe zensimbi ezinwetshiwe ohlakeni oluvame ukudonswa ngemuva.
Ama-cultivators asetshenziswa kakhulu ekulimeni kwesibili ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi ukuze kungene umoya omuhle kwezitshalo kanye, kanyekanye, nokususa ukhula. Abalimi abaningi bayasiza ekuhlumeni lapho izitshalo seziqalile ukukhula ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda ukuncintisana kwezakhi.
Amaraki
Amarakhi ngokuvamile afaka isethi yezikhonkwane zensimbi eziqondile noma ezigobile kuhlaka oluxhunywe esibambo sokhuni. Avame ukusetshenziswa ngesandla ukuqoqa utshani noma okusanhlamvu ndawonye kube yinqwaba.
Amaraki asebenza kanzima enziwa ngemishini futhi eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, njengamaraki ajikelezayo namasondo enkanyezi. Amaraki amakhulu alungele ukuthutha imfucumfucu emikhulu kanye nokusiphula ukhula olunezimpande ezingajulile.
Ama-Backhoes
I-Backhoes iyimishini yasemapulazini enemisebenzi eminingi yokumba kanye ukuthungwa.
Amasethi amabili emishini iyisilayishi, ngokuvamile esibekwe ngaphambili emotweni, bese i-excavator ifakwe ngemuva. Amanye ama-backhoes athuthukile afika nama-backhoes amabili afakwe ngemuva.
Isilayishi sangaphambili sisetshenziselwa ukuhambisa udoti futhi singayikhulula ku-tipper noma endaweni ekhethiwe ukuze iqoqwe kamuva. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-backhoe isiza ukumba imisele ephakathi nendawo noma imigodi epulazini.
AmaHarrows
Iharrow ithuluzi lokulima elinamazinyo, ama-spikes, noma ama-disc asebenza ngempumelelo ukuphula izingcezu ezinkulu zomhlabathi.
Amageja avame ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze aphule inhlabathi ibe yizicucu ezincane futhi ibekwe njengendawo evulekile yembewu evumela ukutshala.
Ama-disc harrows afika ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Amadiski e-offset: Ivamise ukwenziwa ngensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu futhi ingangena kunoma iyiphi indawo
- Amadiski e-Tandem: Amadiski amaningana aqondaniswe ndawonye ngamasethi
- Amadiski esivinini: Ngokuvamile yakhelwe ukusebenza ngogandaganda ohamba ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa no-20 km/h
Akhona amanye ama-harrows anzima njengale I-heavy duty hydraulic harrow. Ithuthwa kakhulu kusetshenziswa amathayi futhi ifaka amadiski ensimbi ekhwalithi ephezulu anobunzima obungu-48–52 HRC.
Amatrakta
Amatrakta ziyizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu epulazini ezisiza ukulima ngemishini.
Ugandaganda wenza izinto ezihlukahlukene futhi wenza imisebenzi eyahlukene epulazini, okungukuthi:
- Ukugunda: Ugandaganda ungafakwa umshini wokugunda ngaphansi noma ngemuva kwawo ukuze usike utshani obude ulungiselela ukulima.
- Ukulima: Amageja angaba amadiski, amashizolo, noma amaharo, angasetshenziswa ukulima
- Harrowing: Ama-harrows afika ngezinhlobo ezahlukene; ukulima kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala
- Ukuhambisa imfucumfucu nokumba: Ama-backhoes nama-loaders avame ukugxunyekwa kugandaganda ukuze alayishe futhi akhiphe imfucumfucu kanye nokumba
- Ukhula: Ama-cultivators agibele kugandaganda alungele ukuhlakula nokuxegisa inhlabathi ezungeze izitshalo ukuze kungene umoya owanele
- Ezokuthutha: Ogandaganda banama-trailer enziwe ngokwezifiso angafakwa ngemuva futhi abe usizo ekuthuthweni kwempahla epulazini.
Hlanganisa isihlungi
Hlanganisa abavuni muva nje zenzelwe ukuguquguquka futhi zikwazi ukuvuna izitshalo ezahlukene zokusanhlamvu.
Isivuni esihlangene sinciphisa kakhulu abasebenzi ngokuhlanganisa ngempumelelo izinqubo ezintathu kuya kwezine ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvuna, ukubhula, ukuhlukanisa, nokuhlanza.
Izimbewu kanye transplanters
Izimbewu zesimanje nezitshalwa kabusha zilawulwa nge-elekthronikhi ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivinini nokunemba. Kuze kube muva nje, le mishini yayingamaketanga emishini futhi asetshenzisiwe noma ama-Cardan shafts esondweni elilodwa noma amaningana.
Bekunesidingo sokulinganisa phakathi kokudluliswa kwembewu namayunithi angamasondo. U-gearbox wejubane ubusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emigqeni.
Kodwa-ke, imishini eyayisebenza kancane idinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu, yingakho kwasungulwa izimbewu zikagesi nezifakelwayo. Basebenzisa injini elawula iyunithi yokuhlwanyela ngosizo lwe-GPS enembayo ephezulu kugandaganda ukuze balawule ukutshala ngokugcina isikhala esifanayo.
Top 10 abakhiqizi bemishini yezolimo
Abanye abakhiqizi bemishini yezolimo abahamba phambili sebekhona amashumi eminyaka, abanye ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka. Bahlale benza amasu amasha ukuze bandise ukusebenza kahle kwezolimo. Ngezansi ezinye zazo.
John Deere
Le nkampani idabuka e-US futhi igxile ekukhiqizeni amathuluzi ezolimo. Ihlehlela emuva ngo-1836, lapho uJohn Deere, umkhandi wensimbi, esungula igeja lokuqala lensimbi. UJohn Deere waqala ukukhiqiza ogandaganda ngo-1918 ngemuva kokuthenga i-Waterloo Engine Gas Company.
With a ubukhona mayelana Amazwe we-30 emhlabeni wonke, uJohn Deere ulinganiselwa ukuthi uyafaneleka US $ 84.1 billion, ngokusho kweFortune Global 500.
Inhlangano inezingalo ezintathu zokusebenza, okuyilezi:
- Ingxenye yezolimo ne-turf: Ikhiqiza futhi isabalalise imishini yezolimo, okuhlanganisa nokusevisa izingxenye.
- Ezokwakha namahlathi: Ikhiqiza imishini esetshenziswa ekwakheni, ekwakheni imigwaqo, ekunyakazeni nasekuvuneni izingodo.
- Izinsizakalo zezezimali: Ukuthengiswa kwezimali kanye nezinsizakalo zemishini yabo.
CNH Industrial NV
I-CNH yinkampani yamazwe ngamazwe yaseBrithani-America ezinze e-Basildon, e-UK Ilawulwa ngokuyinhloko i-Exor, inkampani yokutshala izimali yamazwe ngamazwe ephethwe ikakhulukazi i-Agnelli Family. Ibhizinisi libhaliswe eNetherlands futhi linehhovisi eliyinhloko eLondon, eNgilandi.
I-CNH ikhiqiza ogandaganda abadonsa ngamasondo amabili namane, okuhlanganisa nama-crawler tractors. Bahlanganisa abavuni bamagilebhisi nokotini, abavuna umoba, ukulima, ukutshala, ukuhlwanyela, nezinto zokuphatha.
Le nhlangano ingeyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ingeyesibili kuJohn Deere. Izinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo zifaka i-IVECO, Case, Raven, New Holland, FPT, njll. I-CNH inenani elilinganiselwa ku-$2.7 billion.
Agco
Ingumkhiqizi nomsabalalisi wogandaganda wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni wonke, ngemuva kuka-John Deere kanye ne-CNH Industrial. Ikhiqiza futhi isabalalise izinhlobo ezifana neValtra, Hesston, Massey Fergusson, Fendt, Gleaner, Challenger, njll.
Agco yasungulwa ngo-1990, ilandela i-Deutz-Allis Corp, eyasungulwa ngo-1985 ngesikhathi u-Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG ethenga ingalo yezolimo ye-Allis Chalmers Corp. E-Essence, i-AGCO iwumkhiqizo we-Allis Chalmers Corp futhi iwufanele. US $ 7.17 billion.
Iqembu le-CLAAS
Lesi sikhungo sigxile ekwenziweni nasekusabalaliseni imishini yezolimo. I-CLAAS Group izinze e-Harsewinkel, eJalimane. Yasungulwa ngo-1913 ngu-August Claas njengebhizinisi lomndeni, futhi bangabaholi embonini yezobuchwepheshe bokuvuna.
I-CLAAS corporation ihola ekukhiqizeni inhlanganisela yokuvuna eYurophu. Ibhizinisi liqashe abasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-11,000, futhi ngo-2021 lathatha inzuzo US $ 4.61 billion.
Iqembu le-Jiangsu Changfa
I-Changfa Group yasungulwa ngo 2003, futhi ikomkhulu layo liseWujin District, eChangzhou, eChina. Bagxile ekwenzeni imishini yezolimo efana nogandaganda, abatshali berayisi, nabavuni.
Le nkampani inezigaba eziyisishiyagalombili nezinkampani ezinhlanu ezingaphansi kwayo enabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-4,000. Iphinde izibandakanye ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni okubalulekile.
Iqembu le-YTO
Iqembu le-YTO lizinze eShayina futhi laqalwa ngo-1955. Bangabakhiqizi abahamba phambili bogandaganda nezinto zokulima eShayina. I-YTO Group yaba ngeyokuqala ukukhiqiza ogandaganda, amaloli anqamula amazwe, kanye amarola omgwaqo e-China.
Inikezwe njenge I-brand yase-China ephezulu. Ihlome ngolayini bomhlangano obungenisiwe besuka eJalimane, eSwitzerland, e-Italy, e-US, nase-UK, inani leqembu lilinganiselwa ku-$2.7 billion.
Inkampani Lovol Heavy Industry Co
Enye yezimboni ezinzima eChina yasungulwa e 1998 futhi inekomkhulu eTianjin. Bakha imishini yezolimo neyokwakha kanye nezimoto. Le nkampani isendaweni yama-72 kwezingama-500 zemikhiqizo yaseShayina ebiza kakhulu.
I-Lovol Heavy Industry ibiza ngaphezu kwe-US $11 billion futhi inabasabalalisi abacishe babe ngu-3,000. Ngo-Ephreli 2022, uLovol wawina Umklomelo Kazwelonke Wentuthuko Yesayensi Nobuchwepheshe.
I-Changzhou Dongfeng Agricultural Machinery Group Co., Ltd.
I-Dongfeng Agricultural Machinery Group yasungulwa ngo-1952 e-Changzhou, eChina. Inesisekelo sempahla ye US $ 518 million kanye nabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-1,800. Imikhiqizo yabo iyakhishwa futhi imakethwe njenge-DFAM® yogandaganda, i-Townsunny® yezinto zokusebenza zasepulazini, i-Dongfeng®, ne-DF®.
I-Dongfeng ikhiqiza ogandaganda abanamasondo amane, ama-push walk tractors, ama-backhoes, ama-loaders, nama-mowers. Le nkampani inabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-2,000 emhlabeni jikelele kanye nemali engenayo US $ 309 million. Itholakala emazweni nasezifundeni eziyi-105, okuhlanganisa iCanada, i-Ukraine, i-Australia, iBangladesh kanye neYurophu.
Iqembu le-SDF
I-SDF ingelinye labakhiqizi abahamba phambili bogandaganda, izinjini zikadizili, kanye nabavuni abahlanganisayo. Imikhiqizo yayo imakethwa ngaphansi kwemikhiqizo efana ne-SAME, Lamborghini Trattori, Deutz-Fahr, Gregoire, kanye ne-Hurlimann.
Imali engenayo yenkampani ngo-2021 yayingama-US $ 1.45 billion, ikhiqize ogandaganda nemishini yokuvuna efinyelela kumayunithi angama-38,434.
Iqembu leShandong Changlin
IShandong Changlin yasungulwa ngo-1986 eShandong, eChina. Ibhizinisi lenza imishini yezolimo, izilayishi zamasondo, izimba, namarola omgwaqo anabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-1,000-plus, okwenza imali yonyaka US $ 50 million.
Isiphetho
Ukwakhiwa kwemishini yezolimo kuyaqhubeka nokudlondlobala ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu emhlabeni wonke. Sesishilo lokho, isihloko esingenhla sigqamise abakhiqizi abayi-10 abahamba phambili ukuze abathengi bacatshangelwe lapho befuna imishini yezolimo.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemishini yezolimo, yiya engxenyeni yemishini yezolimo ku Cooig.com.
