Lapho uzwa igama elithi “ibhizinisi,” yini efikayo engqondweni? Inkampani enkulu yamazwe ngamazwe njenge-Apple noma i-Amazon? Isiqalo sobuchwepheshe esihlose ukuphazamisa imboni? Noma mhlawumbe igama elihle elisho “ibhizinisi”?
Iqiniso liwukuthi ibhizinisi linezincazelo eziningi. Ezweni lamabhizinisi, ngokuvamile libhekisela ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu ezinezinhlaka eziyinkimbinkimbi, iminyango eyahlukene, nokuba khona kwezimakethe ezifinyelela kude. Lezi zinkampani akuwona nje amabhizinisi amancane akhula amakhulu.
Abanikazi bawakha ngendlela ehlukile, ngokuhlukana okukhethekile, izinsiza ezinkulu, futhi ngokuvamile okuwuphawu lomhlaba wonke. Kodwa yini echaza ibhizinisi? Ihluke kanjani ebhizinisini elivamile? Futhi kungani kunendaba? Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uhlole imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana namabhizinisi.
Okuqukethwe
Liyini ibhizinisi?
Izici ezibalulekile zebhizinisi
Kungani amabhizinisi ebalulekile?
4 izinhlobo zamabhizinisi
1. Ibhizinisi elizimele lodwa
2. Ibhizinisi lobambiswano
3. Inhlangano
4. Inkampani enesibopho esinomkhawulo (i-LLC)
Ingabe wonke amabhizinisi amakhulu ayibhizinisi?
Izibonelo zamabhizinisi amabhizinisi
Iyini isoftware yebhizinisi?
Izibonelo zesoftware yebhizinisi:
Ukuhlanganisa
Liyini ibhizinisi?
Ibhizinisi yinhlangano enkulu, ehlelekile esebenza kuzo zonke izimboni, izimakethe, noma izindawo eziningi. Ngokungafani nebhizinisi elincane, elingase libe nomnikazi oyedwa olawula yonke into, amabhizinisi ahlukanisa imisebenzi abe iminyango ehlukene, ngamunye unendima ekhethekile ekwenzeni ibhizinisi lihambe kahle.
Amabhizinisi angaphinda athengise imikhiqizo namasevisi ahlukahlukene ezimakethe ezahlukene. Basebenzisa imodeli ye-B2B, bathengisele abathengi ngokuqondile, noma benze kokubili. Cabanga ngebhizinisi njengomshini omkhulu, ofakwe amafutha amaningi, onamagiya aphendukela ezinhlangothini ezihlukene—kodwa wonke usebenzela umgomo ofanayo.
Izici ezibalulekile zebhizinisi
- Izigaba eziningi neminyango: Amabhizinisi anamaqembu azinikele ezezimali, ezokukhangisa, izinsiza zabantu, ezokusebenza, nokunye. Ibhikawozi yibhizinisi; iketango lomhlaba wonke lebhikawozi eline-R&D, ukuthengwa kwempahla, kanye nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kuyibhizinisi.
- Imithombo yemali ehlukahlukene: Amabhizinisi awavamile ukuthembela kumkhiqizo owodwa noma isevisi. Basebenza ezimbonini eziningi noma bathengisela izigaba zamakhasimende ezihlukene (B2C, B2B, njll.).
- Ukufinyelela emhlabeni wonke noma kuzwelonke: Amabhizinisi amaningi asebenzela idolobha noma izwe elingaphezu kwelilodwa. Anwebeka emhlabeni wonke noma asebenza ezindaweni eziningi ukuze afinyelele amakhasimende amaningi.
- Imali enkulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali: Ngokungafani namabhizinisi amancane angase alwe nokugeleza kwemali, amabhizinisi avame ukuba nesabelomali esikhulu kanye nokufinyelela emalini yebhizinisi noma uxhaso lukahulumeni (amasheya, amabhondi, njll.).
- Ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu nengqalasizinda: Amabhizinisi asebenzisa isofthiwe yebhizinisi, izibalo zedatha, namathuluzi okuzenzakalela ukuphatha amanani amakhulu okwenziwayo nokusebenza.
- Usayizi ophezulu wabasebenzi: Nakuba amabhizinisi amancane evame ukuba nedlanzana labasebenzi, amabhizinisi aqasha amakhulu, izinkulungwane, noma izigidi zezisebenzi emhlabeni wonke.
Kungani amabhizinisi ebalulekile?
Amabhizinisi akuwona nje amabhizinisi amakhulu. Balolonga zonke izimboni futhi banomthelela olandelayo:
- Ukudala umsebenzi: Amabhizinisi amakhulu aqasha izigidi, enikeza abaningi ukuzinza kwezomnotho.
- Ukuqamba kanye ne-R&D: Izinkampani ezifana ne-Apple ne-Google zisebenzisa izigidigidi ocwaningweni, ziphusha ubuchwepheshe phambili.
- Umthelela wemakethe: Amabhizinisi asetha amathrendi, alawule amaketanga okuhlinzeka, futhi achaze amazinga embonini.
Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izimboni ezithembele ku-Amazon—kusuka ku-e-commerce ne-logistics kuya ku-cloud computing. Lokho kungamandla ebhizinisi.
4 izinhlobo zamabhizinisi
Akuwona wonke amabhizinisi afanayo. Ngokuya ngezinhloso zabo, ubunikazi, nokuvikelwa kwesikweletu, ziza ngezinhlaka ezihlukene zomthetho. Uhlobo ngalunye lunemithelela ehlukene yentela, ukuvikelwa kwezomthetho, nezinhlaka zobunikazi, kodwa zonke zisebenza ezingeni lebhizinisi uma zikhula ngokwanele. Nakhu ukuhlolisisa:
1. Ibhizinisi elizimele lodwa
Umuntu oyedwa ungumnikazi futhi uqhuba ibhizinisi (elingase libe likhulu). Umnikazi ugcina yonke inzuzo kodwa futhi unesibopho sakhe siqu sanoma yiziphi izikweletu noma ukulahlekelwa ibhizinisi elikutholayo.
Isibonelo: Umgqugquzeli ophumelelayo osebenzisa umkhiqizo wemidiya wesigidi samadola nabasebenzi kanye nobambiswano.
2. Ibhizinisi lobambiswano
Abantu ababili noma ngaphezulu babelana ngobunikazi nezibopho. Nokho, bangahlukanisa ubunikazi nganoma iyiphi indlela, hhayi nje ngokulinganayo.
Isibonelo: Inkampani yabameli enozakwethu abaningi abasingatha amacala namaklayenti ahlukene.
3. Inhlangano
Izinkampani ziyizinhlangano ezisemthethweni ezihlukene nabanikazi bazo, okubavikelayo ezikweletini zabo. Nakuba la mabhizinisi ekhona ukuze enze inzuzo, izinhlaka zawo zivame ukuncika enanini labanikazi. Noma kunjalo, abanikazi bangahweba esidlangalaleni izinkampani zabo (njenge-Tesla) noma bazigcine ziyimfihlo (njenge-SpaceX).
4. Inkampani enesibopho esinomkhawulo (i-LLC)
Kwesinye isikhathi, amabhizinisi afuna ukuvikelwa okusemthethweni kwenhlangano kanye nentela yenzuzo yokubambisana. Bangathola lokho kanye ngesakhiwo se-LLC. Kuyimodeli yebhizinisi yochwepheshe (njengababhali bamabhuku, odokotela, nabameli) ngoba iyabavikela (nezindawo zabo eziyimfihlo) ezinkingeni zezomthetho.
Ingabe wonke amabhizinisi amakhulu ayibhizinisi?
Akunjalo. Yize usayizi ubalulekile, okuchaza ibhizinisi ngokweqiniso ukwakheka nokuba yinkimbinkimbi. Indawo yokudlela yendawo eyodwa eyenza izigidi zemali engenayo ayilona ibhizinisi—kodwa uchungechunge olunemisebenzi emaphakathi ye-HR, yezomthetho, kanye ne-supply chain cishe injalo.
Izibonelo zamabhizinisi amabhizinisi
Ukucacisa lokhu, ake sibheke ibhizinisi langempela—i-Staples. Lo mthengisi we-office supply uyisibonelo esiphelele sebhizinisi. Nasi isizathu:
- Ama-Staples asebenza ngaphezulu Abasebenzi be-75,000, okusho ukuthi kukude nokuhlinzwa okuncane.
- I-Staples isebenza neziteshi eziningi zokuthengisa, ithengisa izinto zasehhovisi, okokusebenza, ifenisha, izinsiza zokuphrinta, nokunye kubathengi namabhizinisi.
- I-Staples nayo inobukhona obukhulu bamazwe ngamazwe. Inezitolo ezingaphezu kuka-2,000 emazweni ambalwa abalulekile futhi isebenza emhlabeni jikelele ku-inthanethi.
- Inkampani ayithengisi umkhiqizo owodwa kuphela. Inikeza izinketho eziningi, kusukela ezihlalweni zehhovisi kuya kumakhompyutha kanye noyinki wokunyathelisa.
Isilinganiso sale nkampani, inkimbinkimbi, kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwenza iStaples ibe yibhizinisi langempela (yize libe lincane).
Iyini isoftware yebhizinisi?
Amabhizinisi amakhulu adinga izixazululo ezinkulu. Azikwazi ukusebenza kumaspredishithi namathuluzi wamahhala wodwa. Badinga isofthiwe ukuze baphathe amanani amakhulu edatha, amakhasimende, nemisebenzi. Lezi zixazululo zingasebenza ngokukhethekile emsebenzini webhizinisi elilodwa noma zinikeze izinsiza ezimbalwa zasehhovisi endaweni eyodwa.
Izibonelo zesoftware yebhizinisi:
- Ukuphathwa kobudlelwane bekhasimende (CRM): Ilandelela izigidi zokusebenzelana kwamakhasimende (isb., Salesforce).
- Ukuhlelwa kwezisetshenziswa zebhizinisi (ERP): Ilawula amaketanga okunikezela, ezezimali, i-HR, kanye nemisebenzi (isb, i-SAP, i-Oracle).
- Izinkundla ze-E-commerce: Isiza amabhizinisi ukuthi athengise imikhiqizo ngesilinganiso (isb, Shopify Plus yabathengisi abakhulu).
- Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha ne-AI: Inikeza imininingwane ejulile ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi.
Amabhizinisi ngokuvamile adinga isofthiwe eyakhelwe ngokwezifiso ukuze ahlanganiswe namasistimu akhona—ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuvikeleka, kanye nokulinganisa.
Ukuhlanganisa
Ibhizinisi akuyona nje inkampani enkulu. Kuyinhlangano ehlelekile, enezendlalelo eziningi edizayinelwe ukukala, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokubusa kwemakethe. Ngokungafani namabhizinisi amancane akhula ngokwendalo, amabhizinisi adinga isu, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Umgomo wabo kuphela awukona ukuthengisa umkhiqizo. Esikhundleni salokho, bagxile ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda enkulu ukuze kusebenze izimakethe ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Uma ibhizinisi lakho likhula ngokushesha, liphatha iminyango eminingi, noma lisebenzela izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe, kungenzeka ukuthi ungena endaweni yebhizinisi.
Futhi uma kwenzeka uzwa othile ethi “izixazululo zebhizinisi” noma “isu lebhizinisi,” uzokwazi ukuthi ukhuluma ngebhizinisi ngezinga eliphezulu.
