Umbala uyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu; kanye nokunikeza izinkomba mayelana nezinto ezisendaweni yethu, kungaphinda kudlulise imizwa futhi kuguqule imizwa yethu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinzuzo zokuzizungezile ngemibala ehlukene, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwamakhaya ethu, ziya ngokuya ziqondwa.
Kodwa nakuba abantu abaningi bethanda umbala, sisavame ukukhetha izinto zangaphakathi ezingathathi hlangothi. Kungani? Ikakhulukazi ngoba sesaba ukukhetha izinhlanganisela ezingalungile. Ngalesi sizathu, ochwepheshe kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene basebenzisa amasondo ombala ukukhetha imibala ngendlela edala inhlanganisela evumelanayo.
Isibonelo, amasondo ombala ayithuluzi elibalulekile lochwepheshe bemfashini, abaklami bezithombe nezimbali, abadwebi bezakhiwo, nabaklami bangaphakathi. Banikeza indlela esebenzayo yokuxuba nokufanisa imibala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke idizayini iyakhanga ngokubukeka. Kulesi sihloko, sizonikeza ukuqonda okujulile kwaleli thuluzi elisebenzayo nokuthi lingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene.
Okuqukethwe
Umsuka wesondo lombala
Indlela yokusebenzisa ishadi lesondo lombala
Isiphetho
Umsuka wesondo lombala
Ngaphambi kokukhetha ifenisha, imihlobiso, izingubo zokugqoka, noma izesekeli, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici nemizwa ongase ufune ukuthi izinto ziyidlulisele. Ngakho-ke amashadi amasondo anombala ayithuluzi elibalulekile lokukuqondisa ekuthuthukiseni nasekuvumelaniseni ukukhetha kwemibala.
Ososayensi abakhulu, abadwebi, nezazi zefilosofi kuwo wonke umlando baye benza izinhlobonhlobo zemibono yemibala. Ngokwesibonelo, uJohann Wolfgang von Goethe wabhala ngokuphikiswa kwemibala ehambisanayo, kuyilapho umdwebi, umklami, nothisha waseBauhaus. Johannes Itten udale ishadi lesondo lombala ngo-1919.
Umsebenzi ka-Itten ugxile ebudlelwaneni phakathi kombala owodwa nomunye, okhombisa ukuthi kanjani imibala yesibili kanye nemibala ephakeme ingakhiqizwa ngemibala eyinhloko. Wabuye wasebenzisa le ndlela ukuze agqamise inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene evumelanayo, ehlukanisa imibala ngamaqembu emibala emine elandela iphethini eyisikwele.
Indlela yokusebenzisa ishadi lesondo lombala
Ochwepheshe ezimbonini eziningi basebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe amashadi amasondo anombala nsuku zonke. Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka okuhlukene, kubalulekile ukuqonda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana naleli thuluzi ukuze ukwazi ukunikeza elifanele kochwepheshe abahlukene kuye ngomsebenzi wabo othize.
Ngokuvamile, ishadi lesondo lombala lenziwe ngamadiski amabili ephepha axhunywe phakathi nendawo ngephoyinti lensimbi elivumela amadiski ukuthi ajikeleze. Idiski engezansi ibonisa imibala engu-12 nezinhlanganisela zayo, imithunzi, namathoni, kuyilapho idiski engenhla iqukethe izincazelo nolwazi lobuchwepheshe lokuthi ichazwa kanjani. Lesi sakhiwo nokusebenza kwakhelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kochwepheshe bethuluzi.
Ngokwesibonelo, lapho lithi “tint,” okumhlophe kwengezwe embaleni; lapho lithi “iphimbo,” kwengezwe okumpunga; nalapho ithi “umthunzi,” kwengezwe okumnyama. Ngale ndlela, kulula ukuqonda ukuthi uma uhlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo, imibala emibili ehambisanayo, asikho isidingo sokuthi usebenzise kuphela obomvu nokuluhlaza. Esikhundleni salokho, ungakhetha, ngokwesibonelo, obomvu osuliwe bese uwuhlanganisa nokuluhlaza okumnyama ngobuningi obufisayo.
Futhi nakuba ochwepheshe bengase basebenzise amasu ahlukene ukuze bathole imiphumela ehlukene, isimiso esiyisisekelo seshadi lesondo lombala silula ngokuphawulekayo futhi asiguquki. Lokhu kungasiza ukukhulisa ukuzethemba kwakho futhi kukusize uqonde kangcono ithuluzi dala inhlanganisela yemibala evumelanayo.
Imibala efanayo
Imibala efanayo (engahlukaniswa ngemibala efudumele nebandayo) iseduze nesondo futhi, ngakho-ke, ibe nemithunzi efanayo. Izikimu zombala ezifanayo zivame ukutholakala emvelweni, okuholela ekuhlanganiseni okuvumelanayo nokuthokozisayo.
Abaqambi bemfashini nabangaphakathi basebenzisa le nqubo ukuze benze okuhlukahlukene amaphalethi anemibala apholile, apholile futhi azolile.
Imibala ehambisanayo
Lena imibala ewela ezinhlangothini ezibhekene ngqo zesondo. Yizona ezinzima kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa ngoba zakha umehluko oqinile, okungekho lula ukuphatha njalo.
Imibala ehambisanayo enomehluko ophezulu yenza ukuphila kubukeke okujabulisayo, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa lapho igcwele ngokugcwele, futhi kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela ukuze ingaxabani. Nakuba izikimu zombala ezihambisanayo zivame ukusetshenziswa kancane ezindaweni zangaphakathi ezingavamile, ngokuvamile ziyisinkwa nebhotela abaklami bemfashini nezithombe.
Imibala emithathu
Lawa maphalethi emibala ayimibala emithathu eseshadini exhunywe unxantathu.
Ochwepheshe baqala ngombala oyinhloko abafuna ukuwusebenzisa bese bejika isondo ukuze i-vertex kanxantathu ihambisane nalowo mbala, bakhethe eminye imibala emibili ehambisana nowokuqala.
Le nqubo ivame kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwangaphakathi, lapho abaklami belandela khona umthetho we "60-30-10" ukusabalalisa imibala ehlukene futhi uzuze ibhalansi ephelele ezindlini nasezindlini.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka ukugcwala kanye nokukhanya kwemibala, okuholela kwesinye isici esibalulekile seshadi lesondo lombala:
Ukugcwaliswa kwesikhala nokukhanya
Ishadi lesondo lombala elinekhono akufanele libonise kuphela imibala ehlanzekile, kodwa futhi nokugcwala kanye nokukhanya.
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kunquma ukuthi umbala “uhlanzeke” kangakanani: Lapho ugcwala kakhulu, usondela nakakhulu kulobu bumsulwa, kuyilapho ugcwala kakhulu, kulapho usondela khona kokumpunga.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhanya kunquma ukuthi umbala ukhanya noma umnyama kangakanani. Uma ungeza mhlophe, kuba lula kakhulu; uma umnyama, umbala uba mnyama.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela lokhu okuguquguqukayo lapho uthengisa amashadi amasondo ombala ngokuthengisa, njengoba ochwepheshe ngokuvamile badinga izinhlobo ezibavumela ukuba bakhethe umthunzi ofanele (umbala omsulwa), ukugcwala kwendawo, nokukhanya kuye ngomphumela abafuna ukuwuthola.
Isiphetho
Kubathengisi, ukunikeza ishadi lesondo lombala elilungile kuyithuba lokuhlangabezana nesidingo esibalulekile ezimbonini zobuciko ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuqonda izici ezibalulekile zesondo lombala, njengekhono lalo lokuqondisa ukuvumelana kombala, ukugcwaliswa kwesikhala kwebhalansi, nokulungisa ukukhanya, unganikeza ochwepheshe ithuluzi elisiza ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wabo.
Ukugcina amashadi amasondo anombala ekhwalithi ephezulu, ahlukahlukene abhekelela ochwepheshe abathile kuzokusiza ohambweni lwakho lokuba yinsiza ethembekile yochwepheshe bemfashini, abaklami bangaphakathi, nabanye abadali.
