Uma usemakethe ye-crane yeselula, khona-ke iloli le-boom, noma iloli crane, inketho eqinile okufanele icatshangelwe. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinketho emakethe, kusukela emalolini amancane angamasondo angu-4, kuya kuma-giants angu-10 noma angu-12.
Lesi sihloko sibheka izinto eziyisisekelo zeloli le-boom, sinikeza ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo zama-cranes ahambayo, futhi sibheka ukukhethwa kwamaloli ama-boom atholakala ku-intanethi.
Okuqukethwe
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamaloli ama-boom
Ayini amaloli ama-boom?
Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo zama-cranes ahambayo
Ukukhetha okubanzi kwamaloli ama-boom okufanele kucatshangelwe
Imicabango yokugcina
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamaloli ama-boom
Ngemuva kobhubhane, imboni yezokwakha ibone ukwehla okukhulu emuva futhi ibhekene nesikhathi sokukhula okunempilo. Ngenxa yalokho, imishini yokwakha nayo ibona ukukhula okukhulayo, njengoba amaloli e-boom ayingxenye yalokho kukhula ikakhulukazi emandleni omthwalo angaphezu kwamathani angama-20.
Imakethe yamaloli e-boom yomhlaba inyukile ijubane futhi manje kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) emhlabeni jikelele. 7.7% kusuka a 2023 inani le-USD 1.6 billion kunani le I-USD 4 Bilion ngo-2036.
Ayini amaloli ama-boom?
Ngamagama alula, iloli le-boom i-chassis yeloli ene-hydraulic crane boom efakwe embhedeni weloli. Isisekelo samaloli sinikeza i-crane ukuhamba kweloli, futhi amaloli e-boom ngakho-ke abizwa ngokuthi ama-cranes ahambayo. Amaloli ama-Boom ayaziwa nangokuthi ama-cranes amaloli kanye nama-cranes agibele amaloli (TMCs). Abuye ngezinye izikhathi abizwe ngokuthi ama-HIAB, okuyigama elingokomlando lobunikazi manje eseliphenduke igama elivamile lamaloli ahamba phambili.
Amaloli ama-Boom angatholakala ngosayizi ohlukahlukene, kusukela emalolini amancane ane-flatbed kuya kubathuthi abakhulu abanamasondo amaningi. I-crane boom iyingalo ye-crane yohlobo lwebhokisi enwebeka ngomshini. Ingalo ingase ifakwe ngqo embhedeni weloli futhi isuswe umshayeli enqoleni yomshayeli, noma ingase ihlale phezu kwesisekelo se-crane esiphendukayo esingasetshenzwa sisuka ku-crane cabin.
Amaloli ama-Boom ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngomthamo wawo wokuphakamisa kunosayizi we-chassis yeloli, nakuba umthengi engeke abe nentshisekelo yokuphakamisa umthamo kuphela, kodwa nosayizi weloli, ngakho-ke ukufinyeleleka kwendawo. Okhreni abancane bangakwazi ukuphakamisa amathani afinyelela kwangu-5, kanti amaloli amakhulu angaphakamisa amathani ayi-1200 noma ngaphezulu.
I-boom ngokwayo iyahoxiswa ukuze ithuthwe, futhi uma isisendaweni i-boom inwetshwa ifike kubude bayo obugcwele. Izingalo eziningi ze-boom zingaphinda zilingane ne-lattice jib eyengeziwe ukuze zinikeze ukufinyelela okwengeziwe. Uma isendaweni futhi isilungele ukusetshenziswa, iloli lizonweba ama-outriggers ukuze lizinze ngokugcwele. Ukucatshangelwa-ke ukuthi ukufinyelela kwesayithi kukhulu ngokwanele ukuze kulingane iloli, futhi futhi kubanzi ngokwanele ukuvumela abaphumayo ukuba banwetshwe ngokugcwele.
I-boom ingazungeza embhedeni weloli ngamadigri angu-360 ukuze ifinyelele kuzo zonke izinkomba. Emalolini amancane, lona umbhede ozungezayo olula ngaphansi kwe-boom eyinhloko, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uqhutshwa ngesandla ngezilawuli eduze kwe-boom, noma kusukela ku-cabin yamaloli.
Kumaloli amakhulu ama-boom, ngokuvamile angaphezulu kwamathani angu-5, i-boom ihlala endaweni yokugwaza ezungeza ama-degree angu-360. Iplatifomu yokubulala ibamba ikhabethe lokusebenza elihlukile, ukuze i-crane ilawulwe kusukela kusisekelo se-boom.
Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo zama-cranes ahambayo
Amaloli ama-Boom ahamba kakhulu, ahamba ngokushesha futhi kalula ku-chassis yawo wamaloli, emigwaqweni yendawo yokwakha kanye nasemigwaqweni yomphakathi. Uma sebefikile esizeni, ama-outrigger stabilizer anwebeka ngokushesha, anikeze inkundla ezinzile, futhi i-crane isilungele ukuhamba. Ama-cranes amaloli e-Boom angakwazi ukuphakamisa izisindo ezinzima, kuze kufike kumathani angaphezu kuka-1,000 kumamodeli amakhulu. I-boom yabo enwebekayo ingafinyelela ubude obungaphezulu kwamamitha angu-260, noma ngaphezulu ngokungezwa kwe-lattice jib.
Kodwa-ke, ama-cranes ahambayo, okungukuthi ama-cranes angakwazi ukunyakaza, eza ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene namakhono, ngamunye unamandla nobuthakathaka bawo. Ukuze uqhathanise kafushane, nazi ezinye izici zezinye izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-crane ehambayo:
Ama-Spider Cranes: Ama-spider cranes anemilenze emine enwebekayo ethi, uma isinwetshiwe, ibenze babukeke kancane njengezicabucabu, yingakho igama. Zithatha indawo encane, ngakho ziyinketho enhle kumasayithi okufinyelela okulinganiselwe. Njengamaloli ama-boom, ane-boom crane enwebekayo. Uma sezigoqiwe, zingahambahamba ngethrekhi encane yesiseshi ngaphansi kwamandla azo. Ama-spider cranes eza nobubanzi bamakhono okuphakamisa, afinyelela cishe kumathani ayi-12 ngesisindo, namafidi angama-50 ubude.
Ama-crawler cranes: Njengoba igama lazo lisho, lezi zihamba kancane kumathrekhi eziseshi, kodwa azikulungele ukuba semgwaqweni. Ama-lattice booms abo adinga ukuhlanganiswa okuthile, okunesisindo esindayo esingeziwe ukuze sizinze. Uma sezihlanganisiwe, zingakwazi ukuphakamisa phezulu kwamathani angu-3,000 futhi zifinyelele ukuphakama okungamamitha angu-650.
Ama-cranes ebhuloho: Okwaziwa nangokuthi ama-cranes angaphezulu, lezi zinhlobo zifakwa ngaphakathi kwendawo yezimboni efana nefekthri noma indawo yokugcina impahla. Ibhinca elilodwa elihambayo lihamba ngojantshi ababili abahambisanayo ohlangothini ngalunye lwesikhala. Lawa ma-cranes angaphakamisa amathani ayi-100 noma ngaphezulu afinyelele ukuphakama okunqunywe yimishayo ehambisanayo. Azihambi ngempela njengoba zikwazi ukuhamba ngendlela yazo kuphela.
Ama-cranes azimisayo: Lama-cranes ayagoqa aphinde avuleke, futhi ayadonswa esikhundleni sokuhamba ngaphansi kwamandla awo. Uma sezibekwe esizeni, zisukuma ngokushesha phezu kwendawo encane, futhi zifaneleka kahle ezindaweni ezincane zokwakha. Anamandla okuphakamisa ebangeni lamathani angu-3–4, namakhudlwana ambalwa angakwazi ukuphakamisa amathani acishe abe ngu-10, abe phakathi kwamafidi angu-60 no-130.
Amaloli ama-Boom: Uma uqhathanisa amaloli e-boom nezinye izinhlobo zama-cranes, ama-boom cranes anikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa. Ziyakwazi ukuhamba, zikwazi ukuhoxisa noma ukunweba i-boom yazo ngokushesha, futhi zingahamba ngokushesha ukusuka komunye umsebenzi ukuya komunye. Amanye ama-cranes ahambayo anqunyelwe isikhathi sawo sokuhlanganisa noma ukuqaqa, noma angahamba kancane kuphela noma ngosizo.
Ukukhetha okubanzi kwamaloli ama-boom okufanele kucatshangelwe
Okhrayini bamaloli ngokuvamile bahlukaniswa ngomthamo wabo wokuphakamisa, ngamathani, nakuba ubude nobude bawo obukhulu nakho kuyacatshangelwa. Lesi sigaba sinikezela ngokukhethwa kwamaloli kuzo zonke izigaba ezine zesisindo, ngolwazi olwengeziwe njengoba lunikezwe umphakeli:
- umsebenzi omncane (kufika ku-5 tons)
- umsebenzi ophakathi (amathani angama-5-15)
- umsebenzi osindayo (16-50 tons)
- umsebenzi osindayo owengeziwe (ngaphezulu kwamathani angama-50)
Umsebenzi olula (kufika ku-5 tons)
| imodeli | Ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa okulinganiselwe | Phakamisa umthamo | Lift ukuphakama | span | Intengo (i-USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-SQ4SK3Q | 10ton.m | I-4 ithoni | 9m | 8.5m | 4,000 |
| JIUBANG | NA | I-4 ithoni | 11.2m | NA | 22,500 |
| SITONG | 15.75ton.m | I-5 ithoni | 15m | 5.3m | 4,500 |
| Dongfeng | NA | I-5 ithoni | 28m | 49m | 20,000 |
Umsebenzi omaphakathi (amathani angama-5-15)
| imodeli | Ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa okulinganiselwe | Phakamisa umthamo | Lift ukuphakama | span | Intengo (i-USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-HY8S5 | 20ton.m | I-8 ithoni | 18.6m | 5.7m | 17,290 |
| I-SPK8500 | I-75kN.m | I-10 ithoni | 9.8m | NA | 18,500 |
| I-STC120T5 | 573kN*m | I-12 ithoni | 35m | NA | 240,000 |
| SINOTRUCK | I-573kN.m | I-15 ithoni | 20.5m | 3m | 5,000 |
Umsebenzi osindayo (16-50 ton)
| imodeli | Ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa okulinganiselwe | Phakamisa umthamo | Lift ukuphakama | span | Intengo (i-USD) |
| I-ZTC160E451 | I-715kN.m | I-16 ithoni | 33m | NA | 50,000 |
| I-ZTC250 | I-980kN.m | I-25 ithoni | 50m | 6.9m | 85,000 |
| SPC320 | I-4145kN.m | I-32 ithoni | 41.5m | 27.5m | 88,000 |
| I-QY50K5C | I-1985kN.m | I-50 ithoni | 46.4m | 7.9m | 78,900 |
Umsebenzi osindayo owengeziwe (ngaphezulu kwamathani angama-50)
| imodeli | Ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa okulinganiselwe | Phakamisa umthamo | Lift ukuphakama | span | Intengo (i-USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-ZTC700V | I-2352kN.m | I-70 ithoni | 60.2m | NA | 117,900 |
| I-ZTC1500V | I-4707kN.m | I-150 ithoni | 98.5m | NA | 295,600 |
| I-STC2000C8-8 | 5880kN*m | I-200 ithoni | 120m | 8.3m | 152,000 |
| I-STC2400C8-8 | 7188.3kN*m | I-240 ithoni | 120.5m | 8.3m | 75,000 |
Imicabango yokugcina
Kulezi zinsuku kukhona ukukhethwa okubanzi kwamaloli ama-boom atholakalayo, kusukela kumamodeli amancane angamathani angama-5-10 kuya kwamaloli athwala kanzima angaphezu kwamathani ayi-1000. Umuntu ongase abe umthengi uzofuna ukucaca kumthamo wokuphakamisa, kanye nobude obukhulu kanye nobude be-boom, kanye nosayizi nokufinyeleleka kwe-chassis yeloli.
Imibhede yamaloli emincane izolula futhi ihambe futhi izofinyelela kalula ezindaweni zokusebenza ezincane, kodwa ngeke ibe namandla okuphakamisa ama-cranes amakhulu. Ukusebenza kungenzeka kube ngezilawuli ezenziwa ngesandla esisekelweni se-boom, noma kusetshenziswe kukhebhu yamaloli.
Kumaloli amakhulu ama-boom, umthamo wokuphakamisa ungaba mkhulu, futhi i-boom izosetshenziswa yikhabethe le-crane elizinikele elifakwe ku-turntable ye-boom. Amaloli athwala kanzima afika ne-chassis enamasondo amaningi angamasondo ayi-10, 12 noma ngaphezulu. Ukufinyelela kwalawa maloli amakhulu kuzoba nomkhawulo kakhulu futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi afanelekele izindawo zokwakha ezincane neziqinile.
Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nokukhetha okubanzi kwama-cranes wamaloli asetshenzisiwe atholakalayo, bheka Cooig.com umbukiso.
