Imishini yokugaya ibizwa nangokuthi imishini yokugaya amakhemikhali. Benza amaphethini ezindaweni ezifana nensimbi nokhuni, bavikele izindawo ezingaphezulu, futhi basuse izinto ezikhethiwe. Imishini yokunamathisela nemishini yokuqopha ingase ibonakale ifana, kodwa akunjalo. Umehluko ukuthi imishini yokuqopha incibilikisa indawo encane ukuze idale amamaki aphakanyisiwe, kuyilapho imishini yokuqopha isusa izinto zokwenza amamaki ajulile. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokhombisa ukuthi amabhizinisi angayikhetha kanjani imishini yokufaka efanelekile.
Okuqukethwe
Imishini yokufaka: isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Imakethe eqondiwe yemishini yokufaka
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha umshini wokufaka
Izinhlobo zemishini yokufaka
Imicabango yokugcina
Imishini yokufaka: isabelo semakethe kanye nesidingo
Ivelu yemakethe ye-etching equipment in 2021 kwaba US $ 14 billion. Umnikelo obalulekile kusayizi wemakethe yemishini yokuqopha izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone. Imishini ye-Etching kanye nezinzwa nazo zisetshenziswa embonini yezimoto.
Izitayela zamanje emakethe yemishini yokufaka ifaka phakathi ukwakhiwa kwemishini evumela ukwenziwa kwe-miniaturization kumasekethe we-semiconductor. Amasekethe ama-Miniaturized semiconductor azonyusa isidingo semishini ehlukene yokuhlanganisa emakethe.
Omunye umkhuba ufaka phakathi isidingo esikhulayo samadivayisi ahlakaniphile, okwenza kube nesidingo semishini yokufaka i-dielectric.
Imakethe eqondiwe yemishini yokufaka
Imakethe yemishini ye-etching kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) sika 4.42% ukufinyelela US $ 18.78 billion by 2027.
INyakatho Melika kulindeleke ukuthi ibuse imakethe yemishini ye-etching ngenxa yezinkampani ezizinze kahle, ezithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwama-elekthronikhi. Isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific sizobamba lesibili ngobukhulu isabelo semakethe ngenxa yokukhiqizwa ngobuningi bemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi.
I-China kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yezinto ezimbalwa, okubandakanya ukwanda kwesidingo samadivayisi eselula, imakethe yokupakisha ethuthukile esifundeni, kanye nokwanda kwezinkampani zobuchwepheshe obusha ezweni. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala ze 2021, 15,700 kwasungulwa izinkampani ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezweni.
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha umshini wokufaka
Uhlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo
I-etching ingenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Kukhona ikhemikhali, i-electrochemical, ne-laser etching. I-laser etching isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-laser ukushiya umbhalo endaweni yensimbi. I-Electrochemical etching isebenzisa isimiso se-electrolysis lapho i-etching.
Kwenziwa kuphela ezinsimbini ezisetshenziswayo, ngaleyo ndlela kukhawulelwe uhlobo lwensimbi esetshenziswayo. I-Chemical etching, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenzisa amakhemikhali e-acid-base ukuze ibambe. Ihambisana nethusi, i-aluminium, nezinsimbi zensimbi. Lapho uthola umshini wokufaka i-etching, ukwazi izinto ezisetshenziswayo kuzosiza ibhizinisi ukuthi linqume uhlobo lomshini wokufaka ozowuthola.
Amandla nesivinini
Imishini yokufaka i-etching idinga amanani ahlukene wamandla ukwenza i-etching. Amandla adingekayo aphakathi 60-180 W. Imishini yokufaka i-laser idinga okungenani 60W. Isivinini sokubhala sisho ibanga eliqoshwe ngesikhathi seyunithi. Ikalwa ngo-mm/sec. Amabhizinisi ayelulekwa ukuthi akhethe imishini enejubane elingekho ngaphansi 1200mm / sec.
Umbala wokumaka
Ezimweni eziningi, umbala we-etching uzonqunywa ngezinto ezisetshenzisiwe. Imibala evamile ekhiqizwa yizinsimbi impunga, emhlophe, nemibala emnyama.
I-Chemical etching izohlinzeka ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Uma amabhizinisi efisa imibala ehlukahlukene lapho eqoshwa, kufanele acabangele ukusebenzisa i-chemical etching.
Cost
Izinto ezimbalwa zizonquma izindleko zomshini we-laser: izinga le-etching automation, i-optical components, kanye ne-casing.
Ikhekhe
I-casing yomshini wokufaka i-etching iqinisekisa ukuvikeleka ekushaqekeni lapho umshini uwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-casing - i-metallic ne-plastic casing. Ama-casings ensimbi ahlala isikhathi eside futhi ngenxa yalokho abiza kakhulu kunezikhwama zepulasitiki.
Idigri ye-automation
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezibalulekile zemishini yokufaka izigaba ngokwezinga lokuzenzakalela: imishini yokufaka i-tabletop etching, i-semi-automatic, kanye nemishini ye-laser ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele. Imishini yokufaka i-tabletop etching iyona eshibhe kakhulu, kuyilapho imishini yokuqopha ngokuzenzakalelayo ibiza kakhulu.
Izingxenye ze-Optical
Izingxenye ze-Optical ziqinisekisa ukuthi izimpawu zekhwalithi ziyakhiqizwa. Imishini yokubhala yekhwalithi ephezulu isebenzisa izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba, ukunemba, nokugqama okungcono, futhi lokhu kuba nomthelela ngokuqondile entengo.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokufaka
Ukufakwa kwamakhemikhali
Imishini yokufaka amakhemikhali sebenzisa amakhemikhali ahlanzekile ukuze etch. Imishini isebenzisa ingcindezi namakhemikhali ashisisayo ukuze iveze okusansimbi.
Izici:
- Imishini iyinhlanganisela ye-laminator, i-photoresist, umshini wokufaka ama-etching, nomshini wokuhlubula
- Basebenzisa isifutho samakhemikhali ukuze basuse izingxenye zensimbi
- Sebenzisa ukubola, umfutho ophezulu, namakhemikhali ashisayo
- Zinebanga lejubane le 14–140 amayintshi/ngomzuzu futhi usebenzise amandla asukela phakathi 380V – 440V
buhle:
- Ingasebenza ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu, ngaphandle uma kudingeka ukukhipha amanzi
- Amapuleti aqoshiwe anomklamo ongcono uma kuqhathaniswa namapuleti aqoshiwe
bawo:
- Zenzelwe kuphela ukukhipha i-condensate yamanzi
- Ifanele kuphela insimbi nengilazi
I-Electrochemical etching
Imishini yokufaka i-Electrochemical kukhona imishini yokufaka esebenzisa i-electrolysis lapho inamathisela endaweni yensimbi.
Izici:
- Bane-electrolyte, i-stencil, isofthiwe, kanye nekhanda lokumaka
- Izinto ezizoqoshwa zibekwe ku-anode kanye ne-cathode
- Idizayini ezoqoshwa icwiliswa kusisombululo se-electrolyte futhi ibekwe kusixazululo se-substrate
- Bayadla 7.5kW/380V/50Hz yamandla
buhle:
- Imiphumela ngemigqa ehlanzeke kakhulu futhi ekhanyayo
- Ziyakwazi ukulawulwa kakhulu futhi, ngakho-ke, aziguquguquki
- Bakhiqiza isakhiwo se-porous esifanayo ensimbi engenalutho
bawo:
- Ukuqapha kufanele kuthathwe lapho kusebenzisana namakhemikhali
- Imigqa ehlukanisiwe izoba nzima kunemigqa esondelene
- Kukhona ubungozi bohlobo oluthile lwe-short-circuiting lapho i-etching
Ukufakwa kwe-laser
Imishini yokukhipha i-laser bayimishini yokuqopha esebenzisa imishayo ye-laser ukuze iqoshwe ezindaweni zensimbi.
Izici:
- Isebenzisa i-pulsed beam ekhulula ukuqhuma kwamandla okungazelelwe ngezikhathi ezithile
- Amanye amandla e-laser akhishiwe ayamuncwa, kuyilapho amanye aguqulelwa ekushiseni, okwenza insimbi ithambile njengoba incibilika futhi inweba.
- Banamandla we 20-50W kanye nesivinini sokumaka se 6000mm / s
buhle:
- Ifanele imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi
- Zinembe
- Isebenza ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni
- Abasebenzisi bangathuthukisa ukuhamba kwabo konke ukusebenza
bawo:
- Banqunyelwe ukuhamba endizeni enezinhlangothi ezimbili
- Ziyabiza
Imicabango yokugcina
Imishini yokunamathisela idumile ezingxenyeni zokumaka ukuze kulandeleke kalula. Kungakho ukutshala imali emshinini omuhle wokufaka i-etching kubalulekile emabhizinisini.
Lo mhlahlandlela uveze izinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho amabhizinisi ethola imishini yokufaka i-etching. Vakashela Cooig.com ukuze uthole uhlu lwemishini yokuqopha etholakalayo.
