Ekufuneni njalo ukugeleza okufanele kwamanzi angenzima kakhulu futhi angathambile kakhulu, angenawo usawoti omningi kodwa angahlanzekile kakhulu, manje sithembele kwezinye zezixazululo ezithuthuke kakhulu zobuchwepheshe zokuhlanza amanzi ezitholakalayo. Okudume kakhulu kulawa uhlelo lwamanzi lwe-reverse osmosis (RO). Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zisebenza kanjani, zisetshenziselwa ini, nokuthi yiziphi izindleko nezinketho eziphezulu emakethe. Zilungiselele ukuba uchwepheshe wokuhlanza amanzi phakathi kwabangane bakho.
Okuqukethwe:
- Luyini uhlelo lwamanzi oluyi-reverse osmosis?
- Asebenza kanjani amasistimu wamanzi e-osmosis?
- Isetshenziswa kanjani isistimu yamanzi ye-osmosis ebuyela emuva
- Lubiza malini uhlelo lwamanzi lwe-reverse osmosis?
- Amasistimu wamanzi we-osmosis aphezulu aphezulu
Iyini isistimu yamanzi e-reverse osmosis?
Isistimu yamanzi e-reverse osmosis (RO) iwumshini oyinkimbinkimbi owakhiwe izingxenye ezihlukahlukene, ezasiza ukuguqula amanzi angcolile abe aphuzwayo ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-reverse osmosis. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi ayisetshenziswa ezimbonini kuphela kodwa nasemakhaya ethu ukuze isisize sithole amanzi aphuzwayo naphephile. Ingxenye eyinhloko yalolu hlelo ulwelwesi lwe-RO olwakhiwe ukuze kudlule ama-molecule amanzi kuphela, kuyilapho ama-molecule amakhulu amanzi, kanye nokungcola okunjengosawoti, amabhaktheriya namakhemikhali, kuvinjiwe.
Isizathu sokuthi izinhlelo zamanzi ze-osmosis ezihlehlisayo zithandeke kumthengi oqaphelayo ingoba zenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokususa inani elikhulu lokungcola obunye ubuchwepheshe bokuhlunga obungase buphuthelwe - obufana nomthofu, i-fluoride, i-arsenic, nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezincibilikisiwe - endaweni lapho ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ayinkinga kuvame khona. Engeza kulokho ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwamasistimu e-osmosis ehlehlayo ekuhlanzeni amanzi, futhi kulula ukubona ukuthi kungani abantu abaningi kangaka bekhetha iyunithi ye-RO.
Ngaphezu kokuhlanza amanzi, ama-membrane e-RO avame ukunconywa ngezinzuzo zawo zemvelo - ikakhulukazi, ngokushintsha amanzi asemabhodleleni ngamanzi ampompi ukuze kuncishiswe imfucumfucu yamabhodlela epulasitiki kanye ne-carbon footprint yokuhamba kwamanzi asemabhodleleni. Izinhlelo zamanzi ze-RO zinikeza isisombululo esizuzisa kokubili impilo kanye nemvelo.
Asebenza kanjani amasistimu wamanzi e-osmosis?
Uhlelo lwamanzi lwe-osmosis oluphambene luyisimangaliso sobunjiniyela besimanje. Isiteji 1: Isihlungi sangaphambili: Isigaba sokuqala sesistimu ye-osmosis ebuyela emuva iyisihlungi sangaphambili esisusa izinhlayiya ezinkulu njengezinhlayiya zentlenga nokugqwala ezingavimbela ulwelwesi lwe-RO futhi kulimaze izingxenye ze-RO. Isigaba 2: I-Reverse Osmosis Membrane. Amanzi abe esedlula engxenyeni eyinhloko yesistimu yokuhlunga amanzi: i-membrane ye-RO, lapho iningi lokungcola lisuswa khona.
Inqubo isebenza ngokusebenzisa umfutho wamanzi ukuze uphoqelele ama-molecule amanzi ngolwelwesi olungena-permeable, kuyilapho ushiya ukungcola ngemuva. (Enqubweni yemvelo ye-osmosis, i-solvent ihamba isuka exazululweni lokugxilisa ingqondo kancane iye kwisixazululo sokugxila okuphezulu.) Ku-osmosis ehlehlayo, inqubo yemvelo ihlehliswa ngokusebenzisa amandla emanzini ukuze ahlanzeke.
Ngaphezu kwesithiyo se-membrane esiyinhloko, isiteji sokuhlunga singafaka isihlungi sekhabhoni esisusa ukunambitheka okungapheli kanye nephunga ukuze amanzi angaphephile nje kuphela kodwa futhi ajabulise ukuphuzwa. Uhlelo ludizayinelwe ukufaka ithangi lokugcina amanzi ahlanzekile, ukuze atholakale uma kudingeka, noma nini, noma kuphi. Indlela yezigaba eziningi isebenza ngendlela emangazayo. Isistimu ye-RO eklanywe kahle ingakhipha amanzi aqukethe izingxenye ezingaphansi kuka-500 esigidini(ppm) sikasawoti ancibilikisiwe, izinhlayiya namagciwane. Lokhu kusebenza kahle ngendlela emangalisayo: Izinhlelo ze-RO zingasusa kufika kumaphesenti angama-99 kasawoti nezinhlayiya, zibulale izinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane kule nqubo.
Indlela yokusebenzisa isistimu yamanzi e-reverse osmosis
Futhi nakuba kunokuningi okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwesistimu yamanzi e-osmosis ehlehlayo, empeleni kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Ukufakwa kuyingxenye enzima kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuxhuma isistimu emanzini asekhaya kanye nesistimu yokukhipha amanzi. Ngaphandle uma unolwazi lwangaphambilini, uzofuna ukuqasha uchwepheshe ukuze agcine isistimu yakho isebenza kahle futhi uqinisekise ukuthi akukho okonakele ngesikhathi sokufakwa - ikakhulukazi ikhaya lakho! Ngemuva kokuthi ivuliwe futhi isebenza, noma kunjalo, uhlelo ludinga ukuxhumana okuncane noma okungekho ukuze lusebenze.
Isihluthulelo sokusebenzisa kahle, nokho, ukunakekela isondlo. Lokho kusho ukushintsha izihlungi njalo - izihlungi zangaphambi nangemuva ngokuvamile njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-6-12, ulwelwesi lwe-RO luhlala iminyaka engu-2-3, futhi kuya ngokusetshenziswa kwamanzi nekhwalithi. Ukuhlola umfutho wamanzi kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwesistimu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukunakekelwa kuyadingeka nini ukugcina isistimu isebenza kahle.
Njengoba kokubili amanzi anempilo kanye nempilo yesistimu kuncike ekulandeleni iziqondiso zomkhiqizi nokunakekelwa kwazo, into esetshenziswayo ihlinzeka ngamanzi ahlanzekile, aphuzwayo abelindelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Isistimu yamanzi e-reverse osmosis egcinwe kahle ingaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokwethembeka iminyaka.
Ibiza malini isistimu yamanzi e-reverse osmosis?
Ngokuya ngosayizi wesistimu, inani lezigaba zokuhlunga kanye nezici, izindleko zesistimu yamanzi e-osmosis ehlehlayo ingaba noma yikuphi ukusuka ku-$150 kumodeli eyisisekelo yokuhlala engaphansi kukasinki ukuya ngaphezu kwama-$500 ngesistimu yomthamo ophezulu nesebenza kahle enezigaba eziningi zokuhlunga nezici. Izindleko zokufaka zingaqala ku-$100 ziye ku-$300 uma kudingeka ukuthola usizo lochwepheshe.
Kodwa izindleko eziqhubekayo, ezifana noshintsho olujwayelekile lwesisefo kanye nokukhuphuka kwezindleko zamanzi ezivela ohlelweni olusebenzisa amanzi, kufanele kucatshangelwe. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zindleko zibukelwa phansi ukonga ngenxa yokungawathengi amanzi asemabhodleleni kanye nokwenyuka kwenzuzo yezempilo yokusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile.
Izindleko zohlelo lwamanzi lwe-osmosis ehlehlayo zibuyisela inani elikhulu kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngoba amanzi ahlanzekile anenzuzo enkulu empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yakho iyonke.
Amasistimu wamanzi e-osmosis aphezulu ahlehlayo
Lokhu kufaka i-Home Master TMAFC-ERP, isistimu ye-osmosis ehlehlayo enezigaba eziyisikhombisa ekhumbuza amanzi ekupheleni kwenqubo yokuhlunga, ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka. Zihlanganisa nomklamo oqhubekayo owehlisa amanzi angcolile uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli amadala, futhi kugunyazwe yi-NSF ukususa umthofu kanye nokunye okungcolile okungaphezu kwe-1000.
Enye inketho enhle i-APEC Top Tier 5-Stage Ultra Safe Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Filter System (ROES-50). Le sistimu inezihlungi zekhwalithi ezingahlanza kokubili amanzi kampompi namanzi omthombo ngokususa ukungcola okungafika kumaphesenti angama-99. Ihlala isikhathi eside futhi kulula ukuyigcina, okwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile kubanikazi bezindlu.
Uma ungumuntu onolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe, ungancamela ukuba nesistimu ye-reverse osmosis edidiyelwe, efana ne-Waterdrop G3 Reverse Osmosis System. Idizayini engenathangi ifaneleka ezindlini zesimanje ezinokubukeka okubushelelezi kanye nezinkomba ze-LED ezihlakaniphile ukukusiza ukuqapha inqubo yokuhlunga.
Usayizi wayo ohlangene uqinisekisa ukuthi awuthathi isikhala esiningi ekhaya lakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo oluhlangene lisebenzisa isihlungi esenziwe ngezinto eziyinhlanganisela ezigcwele phama. Isusa ngokushesha, ngempumelelo, nangokuqhubekayo ukungcola okuyingozi.
Kodwa iyiphi engcono kuwe? Ukukhetha uhlelo lwe-RO akuxhomekile kuphela kwikhwalithi yamanzi aphelile, kodwa kusabelomali kanye namandla okukhipha. Lawa amasistimu ethu amathathu aphezulu ukuze afanele zonke izidingo.
Isiphetho
Ngezinhlelo zamanzi ze-osmosis ezibuyela emuva, ngokungangabazeki sifinyelele esicongweni sokuhlanzwa kwamanzi. Banikeza indlela ethembekile nethengekayo yokujabulela amanzi ahlanzekile naphephile. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, izindleko zazo, kanye nezinhlelo zamanzi ze-osmosis ezihamba phambili ezitholakala emakethe kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngekhwalithi yakho yamanzi okuphuza. Ngohlelo olulungile, amanzi ahlanzekile angaba yingxenye yempilo yakho iminyaka ezayo, abe nesandla ekuphileni kwakho okunempilo kanye neplanethi esimeme kakhudlwana.
