Enkathini ebuswa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali, ikhamera esetshenziswayo igqama njengobufakazi bobuhle bokuthwebula izithombe ze-analog. Lawa makhamera alula, asebenzise kanye anikeza indlela eyingqayizivele yokuthwebula izikhathi, ukuhlanganisa ukulangazela kwefilimu nokunethezeka kwedivayisi ehlangene, engaxoxi. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukungena nokuphuma kwamakhamera alahlwayo, kusukela endleleni asebenza ngayo kuye ezinzuzweni zawo nezithiyo, ngisho namathiphu okukhetha nokuwasebenzisa.
Okuqukethwe:
– Ithini ikhamera elahlwayo?
- Isebenza kanjani ikhamera elahlekayo?
- Izinzuzo kanye nezithiyo zamakhamera alahlwayo
- Ungakhetha kanjani ikhamera elahlekayo
– Isetshenziswa kanjani ikhamera elahlwayo
Ithini ikhamera elahlekayo?
Ikhamera elahlwayo, eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhamera esetshenziswa kanye, iyikhamera yefilimu elula, engabizi eza ngaphambili ilayishwe ngomqulu wefilimu. Edizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa, lawa makhamera ngokuvamile enziwe ngepulasitiki futhi adumile ngenxa yobulula bawo kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Ngokungafani namakhamera edijithali noma omakhalekhukhwini, amakhamera alahlwayo anikeza umuzwa othintekayo, lapho ukudubula ngakunye kucatshangelwa ngokucophelela, uma kubhekwa inani elilinganiselwe lokuchayeka elitholakalayo.
Ubuhle bamakhamera alahlwayo busebulula bawo kanye nesici sokumangala. Ngaphandle kwempendulo esheshayo yesikrini sedijithali, abathwebuli bezithombe bayekwa ukuthi balindele ukuthi izithombe zabo zizoba kanjani uma sezithuthukisiwe. Lokhu kulindela kwengeza ungqimba lwenjabulo enqubweni yokuthatha izithombe, okwenza isithombe ngasinye sibe nenjongo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude obugxilile obugxilile, ukuntuleka kwezilungiselelo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukufakwa kwe-flash eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwenza lawa makhamera aqonde ukuwasebenzisa, ahehe kokubili abaqalayo bezithombe nabashisekeli abafuna umuzwa ongathandeki.
Isebenza kanjani ikhamera elahlekayo?
Amakhamera alahlwayo asebenza ngendlela elula kodwa ephumelelayo. Ziza zilayishwe kusengaphambili ngefilimu eyisiqoko, ngokuvamile engu-35mm, okuwusayizi wefilimu ojwayelekile wokuthwebula izithombe ze-analog. Lapho kuthathwa isithombe, ifilimu iqhubekela phambili ngaphakathi kwekhamera, ilungiselela ifremu elandelayo ukuze ibonakale. Le nqubo iqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ifilimu ivezwa ngokugcwele, ngokuvamile ngemva kokushutha okungu-24 noma okungu-27.
Umshini wokuvala ikhamera uqondile, unombobo ongaguquki kanye nesivinini sokuvala. Lokhu kuba lula kusho ukuthi amakhamera alahlwayo enza kahle kakhulu ezimeni ezikhanyiswe kahle, nakuba amamodeli anokukhanya okwakhelwe ngaphakathi angasetshenziswa ekukhanyeni okuphansi. Ngemuva kokuthathwa kwesithombe sokugcina, yonke ikhamera iyiswa elebhu yezithombe ukuze kucutshungulwe ifilimu. Ilebhu ivula ikhamera egumbini elimnyama, ikhiphe ifilimu, bese ithuthukisa izithombe. Nakuba umzimba wekhamera ulahlwa, izingxenye eziningi, ikakhulukazi i-flash circuitry futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-lens, zingasetshenziswa kabusha.
Izinzuzo kanye nezithiyo zamakhamera alahlwayo
Inzuzo eyinhloko yamakhamera alahlwayo ukuba lula kwawo kanye nokusebenziseka kalula. Ahlangene, alula, futhi alungele ukuthwebula aphuma ephaketheni, okuwenza alungele uhambo, imicimbi ekhethekile, nezikhathi zansuku zonke lapho uphethe ikhamera yedijithali noma i-smartphone kungase kuphazamise noma kube yingozi. Ukuntuleka kwezilungiselelo nokulungiswa kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bagxile kuphela ekwakhiweni kwezithombe zabo, okukhuthaza indlela enembile nenengqondo yokuthatha izithombe.
Nokho, amakhamera alahlwayo nawo anezinkinga zawo. Izindleko zesithombe ngasinye ziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthatha izithombe zedijithali, lapho kungekho khona izindleko ezengeziwe zokuthatha izithombe eziningi. Izilungiselelo ezilungisiwe zikhawulela ukusebenzisana kwekhamera, okwenza kube inselele ukuthwebula izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu kuzo zonke izimo zokukhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa okukodwa kwalawa makhamera kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka kwemvelo, nakuba imizamo yokuphinda igaywe kabusha izingxenye iye yalunciphisa lolu daba ngandlela thile.
Indlela yokukhetha ikhamera elahlwayo
Lapho ukhetha ikhamera elahlwayo, cabangela isivinini sefilimu (ISO), njengoba lokhu kuzonquma ukusebenza kwekhamera ezimeni ezihlukene zokukhanyisa. Amakhamera anefilimu ye-ISO ephakeme afaneleka kangcono ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi kodwa angase akhiqize izithombe ezisanhlamvu. Futhi, bheka amakhamera ane-flash eyakhelwe ngaphakathi uma uhlela ukuthatha izithombe ungaphakathi endlini noma izilungiselelo ezinokukhanya kalufifi.
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe inani lokuchayeka. Amakhamera amaningi alahlwayo anikela phakathi kwamashothi angama-24 no-27, kodwa amanye amamodeli angase anikeze okwengeziwe. Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izithombe ohlela ukuzithatha bese ukhetha ngokufanele. Okokugcina, cabangela izindleko zizonke, hhayi nje inani lokuthenga kodwa nezindleko zokuthuthukisa ifilimu, ezingahluka kakhulu.
Isetshenziswa kanjani ikhamera elahlwayo
Ukusebenzisa ikhamera elahlekayo kuqondile: vele uqonde, faka ishothi yakho ngesitholi sokubuka, bese ucindezela inkinobho yokuvala. Uma ikhamera yakho ine-flash, khumbula ukuyenza isebenze ekukhanyeni okuphansi ngokucindezela inkinobho ye-flash ize ishajwe, okubonisa ukukhanya noma ibhiphu.
Qaphela ukwakheka kwakho kanye nenani lamashothi asele, njengoba unenani elilinganiselwe lokuchayeka. Zama ukubamba ikhamera inganyakazi lapho uthatha isithombe ukuze ugweme ukufiphala, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi lapho isivinini sokuvala singase sihambe kancane. Uma usuthathe wonke amashothi akho, yisa ikhamera kulebhu yezithombe ukuze icutshungulwe. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuqaphela noma yimiphi imiyalelo ekhethekile noma izintandokazi zokuthuthukisa ifilimu, njengoba amanye amalebhu anikeza izinketho ezifana nokuskena kwedijithali kwezithombe zakho.
Isiphetho
Amakhamera alahlwayo anikeza indlela eyingqayizivele, ephansi yobuchwepheshe bokuthatha izithombe egcizelela injabulo yokuthwebula izikhathi ngaphandle kokushesha futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinketho ezinkulu zamakhamera edijithali. Zisikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kwesithombe ngasinye kanye nokulindela kokulinda ukuze sibone ukuthi izithombe zethu zihamba kanjani. Nakuba zingase zingafaneli zonke izimo, ukuba lula kwazo, ukuphatheka kwazo, kanye nobuhle obuhlukile befilimu kuzenza zibe ithuluzi eliyigugu labathwebuli bezithombe abaningi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uya emcimbini okhethekile, uhlola izindawo ezintsha, noma uthwebula izikhathi zansuku zonke, ikhamera esetshenziswayo ingangeza ukuthinta kokuzenzekela kanye nokulangazelela emizamweni yakho yezithombe.
