Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency (IEA), ekupheleni kuka-2022 amandla afakiwe embonini yelanga yomhlaba wonke adlula i-1,183 GW, futhi ngonyaka odlule, umthamo omusha ofakiwe we-photovoltaic yomhlaba wonke wafinyelela ku-235.8GW.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono izinsiza zamandla elanga, kusungulwe uhla lobuchwepheshe obusha. Amasistimu wokulandela umkhondo welanga angobunye balobu buchwepheshe, futhi inhloso yabo ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya kwelanga, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwesithombe sikagesi. Ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga, i-axial flow motor iyithuluzi lokushayela elisetshenziswa kakhulu. Indima yayo eyinhloko ukushayela iphaneli yelanga ukuze ilandele ukunyakaza kwelanga, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ilanga lingashiswa kuphaneli yelanga ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu, futhi "ukuxosha" ngenkuthalo ilanga ukuze uthole amandla amakhulu okukhiqiza amandla.
Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza abathengisi ukubuka konke kwemakethe yama-axial flow motors, kanye nokuveza amandla abo ekusasa.
Okuqukethwe
Ama-Axial flow motors wezinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo welanga
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-axial flow motors
Usayizi wemakethe namathemba
Izinkinga ezikhona
Isimo socwaningo
Ezinye iziphakamiso zabathengi
Isiphetho sendaba
Ama-Axial flow motors wezinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo welanga
I-rotary motor ejwayelekile ingaba uhlobo lwe-rotor yangaphakathi noma uhlobo lwe-rotor yangaphandle. Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo, i-flux kazibuthe ibheke endaweni engaba. Ngokuphambene, injini ene-flux kazibuthe ehambisana ne-axis of rotation iyi-axial flow motor.
Ezinhlelweni zokulandelela ilanga, ama-axial flow motors avame ukusetshenziselwa ukushayela idivayisi yokulandelela, okuvumela iphaneli yelanga ukuba ilungise i-angle yayo ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusho kwendawo yelanga. Ngale ndlela, kungakhathaliseki indawo yelanga, iphaneli yelanga ingahlala igcina i-engeli engcono kakhulu nelanga, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwelanga futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-axial flow motors
Ama-axial motors ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga angahlukaniswa abe uhla lwezinhlobo. Leli thebula linikeza ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba zezinhlobo eziyinhloko emakethe:
| Ngohlobo lwemoto | I-AC axial flow motors | Esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yelanga, ama-AC induction motors asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga ngezinga elikhulu. I-AC motor drive voltage ingu-220V. Le voltage ingadonsa amandla ngqo kugridi ngaphandle kwesidingo samabhethri engeziwe. Futhi, i-AC motor, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuqala, inganikeza i-torque enkulu, esiza ukunqoba ukungqubuzana kokuqala okungahle kuhlangane nesistimu yokulandelela ilanga lapho uqala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-motor ingaqala kahle futhi ilungise i-angle yephaneli. |  |
| Izinjini ze-DC ezihlala njalo | Izinjini ze-DC ezishibhile nezisebenzayo ezihlala njalo zisetshenziswa kabanzi kumamotho alandela umkhondo welanga. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi abakwazi ukuletha i-torque ephezulu ngengcindezi ephansi, kodwa futhi bakhiqiza ukuphazamiseka okuphansi kwe-electromagnetic futhi banamandla kakhulu, bahlinzeka ngezixazululo zamandla ezinzile ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla. Kodwa-ke, impilo ye-carbon brush yezinjini ze-PMDC ingaba phakathi kwamahora angu-1000 namahora angu-3000, okuholela ekutheni amamotho endabuko e-PMDC abe namahora angu-3000-5000 kuphela wesikhathi sokusebenza, okukhawulela impilo yemoto. |  | |
| Ngemodi yokushayela | Izinjini ze-stepper | Ama-Stepper motors alawulwa isignali ye-pulse. I-angle yesinyathelo ye-stepper motor rotation ikhiqizwa ukulawula okulinganayo ngesisekelo sesakhiwo semoto. Uma isilawuli sokuhlukaniswa kwesifunda sokulawula singashintshile, khona-ke i-engeli yesinyathelo sokuzungezisa isinyathelo ngokwethiyori i-engeli engaguquki. Ngakho-ke, ukunemba kwe-stepper motor kuphezulu, futhi isikhundla nesivinini sohlelo lokulandelela kungalawulwa ngokunembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsindo ophansi uyenza ifaneleke ezindaweni ezithule. Ekugcineni, impilo ye-stepper motor yinde, ngoba isakhiwo sayo silula futhi kulula ukuyigcina. |  |
| Ama-asynchronous motors | Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-induction motor, lena injini ye-AC ekhiqiza i-torque ka-electromagnetic kusukela ekusebenzelaneni phakathi kwegebe lomoya elizungeza indawo kazibuthe kanye namandla okungenisa ama-rotor, ukuze kubonakale ukuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi abe amandla omshini. Ishayelwa ngokuqondile amandla e-AC, izindleko zokusebenza ziphansi, kodwa ngenxa yezimpawu zenkambu ye-electromagnetic inductive, ukunemba kokulawula kwama-asynchronous motors kuphansi kakhulu. |  | |
| Ngezinga lokuvikela | IP65/IP66 motors | Izinga lokuvikela lalawa mamotho livamise ukuvezwa yikhodi ye-IP (Ingress Protection), okuwukuhlonza izinga lokuvala lendlu yemoto. Injini ye-IP65 inikeza izinga eliphezulu lokuvikela ekuthinteni okuqondile kwezinto eziqinile kanye nezinga elithile lokuvikela kumajethi amanzi. I-IP66 ihlinzeka ngezinga eliphezulu lokuvikela ekuthintaneni okuqondile nezinto eziqinile kanye nezinga elithile lokuvikela ekufuthweni kwamanzi okunamandla. |  Ithebula lezinga lokuvikelwa kwe-Motor IP (elihambisana ne-IPXX) |
Usayizi wemakethe namathemba
Eminyakeni yamuva, imboni yesistimu yokulandelela ilanga yaseChina iye yathuthuka ngokushesha. Ngokohlaziyo lwemboni yohlelo lokulandela umkhondo welanga laseChina, olushicilelwe ucwaningo lwemakethe ku-inthanethi, kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2018, usayizi wemakethe wemboni yesistimu yokulandela umkhondo welanga yaseChina ukhule usuka ku-18.62 billion wama-yuan wafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40.41, okuwukunyuka okucishe kube yi-117%. Noma kunjalo, umbono wemakethe wama-axial flow motors ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga usathonywa yizinto ezimbalwa.
Okulandelayo ngezinye zezinto ezibalulekile ezingase zibe nomthelela kumathemba wama-axial flow motors emakethe yohlelo lokulandela umkhondo welanga:
- Ukukhula embonini yesistimu yokulandela umkhondo welanga: Imboni yelanga kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla avuselelekayo kanye nezixazululo zamandla aluhlaza sikhula. Ngokwezibalo, usayizi wemakethe ye-solar tracker ulinganiselwa ukuthi ulinganiselwa ku-USD 36.62 billion ngo-2024 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-USD 100.51 billion ngo-2029, ukhula ngesilinganiso sokukhula konyaka (CAGR) esingu-22.38% ngesikhathi sokubikezela (2024-2029). Lokhu kuzothinta ngqo isidingo sezingxenye zokulandela umkhondo welanga, okuhlanganisa nama-axial flow motors.
- Izintengo zamandla: Ukuguquguquka kwezintengo zamandla, ikakhulukazi ukukhuphuka kwamanani kaphethiloli, kungase kwenyuse ukukhanga kokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga, okubuye kuthuthukise amathuba emakethe ama-axial flow motors.
- Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kanye nezibonelelo: Izibonelelo zikahulumeni kanye nokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo yamandla avuselelekayo kungenzeka kugqugquzele ukufakwa kwamasistimu okulandelela ilanga, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isidingo sama-axial flow motors. Isibonelo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe imboni yelanga, Umnyango Wezamandla wase-US unikele ngezigidi ezingu-US 15 ukusiza imindeni, amabhizinisi kanye nemiphakathi ukuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi elanga. I-US Environmental Protection Agency iphinde yamemezela ukuzibophezela kwayo kweGreen Energy Partnership ukuphinda kabili ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, okuhlanganisa namandla elanga, phakathi neminyaka eyishumi.
- Imithethonqubo yezemvelo kanye nezinhloso zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni: Ukugxila emhlabeni wonke ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa kungenzeka kuholele ekutshalweni kwezimali okwengeziwe kubuchwepheshe bamandla ahlanzekile njengamandla elanga, okuzoba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwemakethe yama-axial flow motors.
Izinkinga ezikhona
- Izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu: Ukufakwa kwama-axial flow motors kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala, futhi kulandelwa nezindleko eziphezulu zokunakekela. Kodwa-ke, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okungcono kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zalo lonke uhlelo lokulandelela ilanga, ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwayo kwemakethe.
- Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okuphansi: Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamamotho, ama-axial flow motors angase abe nesilinganiso esiphansi sokusebenza kahle kwamandla ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Isibonelo, esimweni somthwalo ophansi, ukuqaliswa okuvamile, ukungazinzi kwegridi ye-voltage, nokuguga kwezimoto, ama-axial flow motors angase abe nenani elithile lokulahlekelwa kwamandla ohlelweni lokuguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla omshini.
- Izinkinga zomsindo: Ama-axial flow motors angase akhiqize inani elithile lomsindo phakathi nokusebenza, okungase kube inkinga ezindaweni ezifaka isicelo ezingezwani nomsindo (njengezindawo zokuhlala, iziqiwi zemvelo, njll.).
Isimo socwaningo
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-axial flow motors ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga kuyinkambu yocwaningo lwemikhakha ehlukene ebandakanya imikhakha eminingi efana nobunjiniyela bakagesi, ithiyori yokulawula kanye nobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga. Kusukela ngo-2023, isimo socwaningo sama-axial flow motors ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga singafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla
Abacwaningi bebelokhu befuna izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwama-axial flow motors ezinhlelweni zokulandela umkhondo welanga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuthuthukisa idizayini yemoto, njengokusebenzisa izinto zikazibuthe ezisebenza kahle, ukuthuthukisa amasistimu okupholisa ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, nokusebenzisa amasu okushayela asebenza kahle kakhulu nokulawula.
Izinhlelo zokulawula
Amasu okulawula abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ama-axial flow motors asebenza kahle kakhulu lapho elandela ilanga. Abacwaningi baye bahlakulela i-algorithms yokulawula ethuthukisiwe ehlukahlukene, njengokulawula okungaqondakali, ukulawula kwe-PID, ukulawula okuguquguqukayo, njll., ukuthuthukisa isivinini sokuphendula kwemoto nokunemba.
Ukuqapha nokugcinwa okuhlakaniphile
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi Yezinto kanye nobuchwepheshe bedatha enkulu, abacwaningi bahlola ukuthi ama-axial flow motors angahlanganiswa kanjani namanye amasistimu ahlakaniphile ukuze anike amandla ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela nokugcinwa kokubikezela, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe izindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula nezokugcina.
Ezinye iziphakamiso zabathengi
Izidingo zokusebenza
Nquma izidingo zokusebenza zesistimu yakho yokulandelela ilanga lama-axial flow motors, okuhlanganisa amandla, isivinini, i-torque, nokusebenza kahle.
Ukuvumelana nezimo zemvelo
Cabangela izimo zemvelo lapho injini izosetshenziswa khona, njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama, uthuli, nokugqwala, bese ukhetha injini engakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalezi zindawo.
Izindleko-ukusebenza
Linganisa amanani entengo ezimoto ahlinzekwa abahlinzeki abahlukene bese uhlaziya ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kukhethiwe imikhiqizo eyongayo.
Control & interface
Cabangela inkimbinkimbi yokulawulwa kwezimoto nokuhambisana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo, bese ukhetha injini okulula ukuyihlanganisa ohlelweni lwakho lokulandela ngomkhondo sonozungezilanga.
Izitifiketi namazinga
Hlola ukuthi injini iyahambisana yini namazinga nezitifiketi ezifanele zemboni, njengesitifiketi se-CE, isitifiketi se-UL, njll., ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwemoto.
Isiphetho sendaba
Ama-Axial flow motors ayingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo welanga, njengoba esiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwamasistimu elanga. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi imakethe yalezi zinjini izokhula, futhi lokhu kunikeza ithuba abathengi ukuthi basebenzise lokhu kukhula. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana namathrendi abalulekile elanga, khumbula ukulandela Ibhulogi ye-Cooig.com.
