Ama-boilers, avame ukubhekwa njengomgogodla wezimboni eziningi, adlala indima ebalulekile ekushisiseni nasekuphehleni amandla emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwawo, ukusetshenziswa kwawo, kanye nezindleko kubalulekile kumabhizinisi ahlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo. Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uzohlola ukungena nokuphuma kwama-boilers, ukhanyise ngokubaluleka kwawo nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ofanele izidingo zakho.
Okuqukethwe:
– Kuyini ubhayela?
- Asebenza kanjani ama-boilers?
– Indlela yokusebenzisa i-boiler
– Ibiza malini ibhoyela?
- Ama-boilers aphezulu emakethe
Yini i-boiler?
I-boiler isitsha esivaliwe lapho kushiswa khona amanzi noma olunye uketshezi. Uketshezi olushisiwe noma oluhwamukile luphuma kubhayela ukuze lusetshenziswe ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene noma izinhlelo zokushisisa, okuhlanganisa ukushisisa amanzi, ukushisisa okuphakathi nendawo, ukukhiqiza amandla asekelwe kubhayela, ukupheka, nokukhucululwa kwendle. Ama-boilers ahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana ngokusekelwe endleleni yawo yokushisisa, uhlobo lukaphethiloli, nesistimu yokujikeleza kwamanzi. Ukuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwawo kuwenza abaluleke kakhulu ezimeni zezimboni nezindawo zokuhlala.
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesistimu yokubilisa zihlanganisa isishisi, igumbi lomlilo, isishintshi sokushisa, isitaki se-exhaust, nezilawuli. Amabhola aklanyelwe ukuguqula kahle amandla asuka kuphethiloli (igesi yemvelo, uwoyela, amalahle, noma i-biomass) abe amandla ashisayo ngokuvutha. La mandla ashisayo abe esedluliselwa emanzini kumshini wokushisa, okwenza isitimu noma amanzi ashisayo, asakazwe kuso sonke isikhungo noma ikhaya ukuze kushiswe noma kusetshenziswe inqubo.
Ama-boilers afika ngosayizi namakhono ahlukahlukene, afanelana nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Ukusuka kumabhoyili amancane, okuhlala kuwo amanzi ashisayo kuya kumajeneretha amakhulu omusi wezimboni, uhlobo ngalunye lwamabhayela lufeza injongo eyingqayizivele. Ukuklama nokusebenza kwazo kulawulwa izindinganiso nemithethonqubo eqinile yokuphepha ukuze kuvinjelwe izingozi nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.
Asebenza kanjani ama-boilers?
Ukusebenza kukabhayela kuyinqubo ethokozisayo ehlanganisa uphethiloli, umoya, namanzi ukuze kukhiqizwe ukushisa nesitimu. Enkabeni yawo, isishisi sikabhayela sithungela uphethiloli (igesi, uwoyela, amalahle, noma i-biomass) ukuze kudaleke ilangabi. Leli langabi lishisisa amanzi aqukethwe ngaphakathi kwesishintshi sokushisa sikabhayela, inethiwekhi yamapayipi noma amashubhu adlulisela kahle ukushisa emanzini.
Njengoba amanzi eshisa, aphenduka abe umusi uma kwenzeka ama-boilers we-steam noma ahlale njengamanzi ashisayo kuma-boilers amanzi ashisayo. Ama-boilers e-steam asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingcindezi, aguqule amanzi abe isitimu, ebese esatshalaliswa kulo lonke uhlelo lokushisisa noma ukunika amandla imishini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-boilers amanzi ashisayo asakaza amanzi ashisayo ngamapayipi ukuya kuma-radiator noma amasistimu okushisa angaphansi.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-boiler kunqunywa ikhono layo lokuguqula uphethiloli ube ukushisa nokulahlekelwa okuncane. Ama-boilers anamuhla afakwe izilawuli ezithuthukisiwe nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa amandla okushisa, ukunciphisa udoti, nokuthuthukisa ukudluliswa kokushisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-economizers, ashisa kuqala amanzi angenayo esebenzisa ama-exhaust gases, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokujiya, obubuyisela ukushisa kumagesi okukhipha umoya ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-boiler
Ukusebenzisa ibhayela ngendlela efanele kudinga ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwezingxenye zayo nezilawuli. Kuma-boilers okuhlala, lokhu kuhilela ukubeka i-thermostat ezingeni lokushisa elifunayo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lunokucindezela okulungile namazinga amanzi. Ukunakekela njalo, njengokuhlola ukuvuza, ukuhlola isishisi, nokudonsa isistimu ukuze kukhishwe inzika, kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ezilungiselelweni zezimboni, ukusebenza kwebhoyela kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokuvamile kulawulwa ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe. Abaqhubi kufanele baqaphe uphethiloli, umoya, namanzi, balungise izilawuli ukuze balondoloze umfutho ofanele nezinga lokushisa, futhi bahlole nokunakekela ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze bavimbele ukuwohloka nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha.
Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa ama-boilers. Ukungena komoya ngendlela efanele, ukuhlolwa kwamavalvu okuphepha okuvamile, kanye nokuhambisana namakhodi nemithetho yendawo kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe izingozi. Ukwengeza, ukutshala imali kuma-boilers wesimanje anezici zokuphepha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, njengezinzwa zokuvala okuzenzakalelayo namavalvu okusiza ukucindezela, kunganikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela.
Ibiza malini ibhoyela?
Izindleko zebhayela zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo, ubukhulu, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nomthombo wamafutha. Ama-boilers okuhlala ngokuvamile asukela ku-$2,500 kuya ku-$7,000 ukuze athengwe futhi afakwe, kuyilapho amabhoyela ezimbonini angabiza noma yikuphi ukusuka ku-$10,000 kuya ngaphezu kuka-$100,000. Amamodeli asebenza kahle kakhulu, nakuba ebiza kakhulu ngaphambili, anganikeza ukonga okukhulu ezindlekweni zikaphethiloli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinto ezithonya izindleko zifaka umthamo webhayela (akalwa ngama-BTU noma amandla ehhashi), impahla yokwakha (insimbi noma insimbi ecijile), kanye nezici ezengeziwe ezifana nezishisi ezimodulayo nobuchwepheshe bokujiya. Izinxephezelo zikahulumeni nezaphulelo zamabhayela akonga ugesi nazo zingathinta izindleko zokugcina.
Uma ucubungula ibhayela entsha, kubalulekile ukukala ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala ngokuqhathanisa nokonga kwamandla okungenzeka kanye nezindleko zokusebenza. Ukubonisana nochwepheshe kungasiza ekunqumeni inketho engabizi kakhulu yezidingo zakho ezithile.
Ama-boilers aphezulu emakethe
Amabhrendi amaningana namamodeli agqama emakethe yokubhayela ngokuthembeka kwawo, ukusebenza kahle, nezici ezithuthukile. Ezinye zezinketho eziphezulu zihlanganisa:
- Viessmann: Eyaziwa ngamabhoyela awo asebenza kahle kakhulu okujiya, i-Viessmann inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala nezohwebo eziletha ukusebenza okuphakeme nokonga amandla.
- I-Worcester Bosch: Inketho edumile e-UK, amabhoyili e-Worcester Bosch anconywa ngekhwalithi yawo yokwakha, ukusebenza kahle, kanye newaranti ebanzi.
- UNavien: Ngokukhethekile ngobuchwepheshe bokufingqa, ama-boilers e-Navien ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu nezinzuzo zemvelo, okuwenza intandokazi phakathi kwabathengi abaqaphela imvelo.
- I-Cleaver-Brooks: Igama elihamba phambili kuma-boilers ezimbonini, i-Cleaver-Brooks inikeza ububanzi obubanzi be-steam kanye nama-boilers wamanzi ashisayo aklanyelwe ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuqina.
- UBuderus: Ingxenye ye-Bosch Group, ama-boilers e-Buderus aziwa ngokwakhiwa kwawo okuqinile, ukusebenza kahle, nempilo ende yesevisi.
Isiphetho:
Ama-boilers ayingxenye ebalulekile yemboni yesimanje kanye nokunethezeka kwezindawo zokuhlala, ahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezisebenzayo zokufudumeza amandla emhlabeni wethu. Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-boilers asebenza kanjani, asetshenziswa kanjani ngokuphepha nangempumelelo, nokuthi yiziphi izici ezithonya izindleko zawo kungasiza abantu ngabanye namabhizinisi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho bekhetha ibhayela. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokugxila ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla, amabhayela anamuhla anikeza izici eziningi nezinzuzo kunangaphambili, okuwenza abe utshalomali oluhlakaniphile lwesikhathi esizayo.
