Izivuni ezihlangene ziyindawo ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile. Ziza ngosayizi abahlukene futhi zifakwe izinto ezihlukene, ezifanelana kangcono nohlobo lwesitshalo esizovunwa. Ukuvuna ukolweni kuhlukile ekuvuneni ilayisi noma ummbila.
Yikuphi okungcono kakhulu ongakucabangela ukuthenga? Lesi sihloko sibheka omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezivuni ezihlanganisayo ezincane nezinkulu kanye nokufakwa okuhlukene kwabavuni abahlukene bokusanhlamvu.
Okuqukethwe
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yabavuni abahlanganisiwe
Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko zokuvuna okuhlangene?
Yini okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukhetha isivuni esihlangene
Imicabango yokugcina
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yabavuni abahlanganisiwe
Njengoba inani labantu emhlabeni landa, nesidingo somhlaba wonke sokwanda kokukhiqizwa kokudla siyakhula. Lokhu kunomthelela kwezolimo ngesidingo esikhulu sesivuno esiphezulu semikhiqizo yokusanhlamvu efana nokolweni, ummbila, irayisi, nobhontshisi wesoya. Ukuvuna izitshalo manje kuyinqubo yesimanje yezimboni ekhuthaza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe bokuvuna.
Kunesidingo esikhulayo sezivuni ezinkulu nezihlakaniphile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo. Ukukhombisa lesi sidingo, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yabavuni abahlanganisiwe kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule isuka ku-2022 ngenani lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe (CAGR) 3.9% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-US $64.64 million ngo-2030.
Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko zokuvuna okuhlangene?
A hlanganisa umvuni iwumshini wokulima oklanyelwe ukusika nokuqoqa okusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene ngokuhlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana ibe iphasi elilodwa lesilimo, okuhlanganisa ukuvuna, ukubhula, ukuhlanza, nokwela. Kusukela yasungulwa ekuqaleni kwawo-1800, le mishini yokuvuna isiguqule ukulima kanye nezinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kuqhutshekwe nenkathi yokuvuna.
Izivuni ezihlanganisayo ngokuvamile ziyimishini ezishayelayo, noma egibele ngogandaganda, eqale isike utshani obusanhlamvu (evunayo), ehlukanisa utshani, noma isiqu, nokusanhlamvu (okubhulwayo), isuse noma yiluphi udaka noma amatshe (ukuhlanza), bese ihlukanisa amakhoba, amakhoba angadleki embewini edliwayo ngaphakathi (ukwela). Ezinye izici ozikhethela zona zihlanganisa ukusika nokusabalalisa utshani obuhlukanisiwe, noma ukubhali nokusonga utshani.
Izivuni ezifakwe ngogandaganda
Izivuni ezifakwe ngogandaganda, njengoba negama lisho, hlanganisa izindlela zokuvuna kugandaganda ojwayelekile. Basebenzisa amandla okudonsa kagandaganda ukuhamba, bese besebenzisa ishafu yokukhipha amandla kagandaganda ukushayela umnyakazo wokuvuna. Le modeli ifakelwe ukuvuna iziqu zommbila, inobubanzi obusebenzayo obungu-4.2 ft (1.3 m), futhi itholakala nge-US $2,900.
Ephezulu isivuni esifakwe ngogandaganda inobubanzi obusebenzayo obungu-4 ft (1.2 m) futhi itholakala nge-US $3,750.
Izinhlobo ezifakwe ngogandaganda zisasetshenziswa, kodwa njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, izivuni eziziqhubela ngokwazo futhi ezihlanganisiwe zihamba phambili. Izivuni ezizihambelayo zinezinjini zazo, ngokuvamile ezidizili, zokunyakaza kanye nokuqhuba zonke izici zokuvuna.
Izivuni ezihlangene ngokuvamile zinamasondo amane, zinesondo elilodwa elikhulu nelilodwa elincane lamasondo, njengogandaganda, nakuba kusikhiqizi esihlanganisa amasondo amasondo amakhulu ahlala ngaphambili, kuyilapho kugandaganda ahlala ngemuva. Kukhona futhi amamodeli amaningi amancane afakwe amathrekhi enjoloba ukuze abambe amasimu e-rice emanzi, futhi amanye amamodeli anikeza izinketho zombili.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zezivuni ezihlanganisayo ezisekelwe endleleni unhlokweni obekwe ngaphambili oqoqa ngayo, usike, uphakele, bese ubhula okusanhlamvu. Imodeli evamile isebenzisa isigubhu esiseceleni esizungeza phambili ukusika izinhlanga futhi ziphakele nge-auger ephendukayo ibe isigubhu sokubhula esijikelezayo. Lezi cishe yizinhlobo ezijwayeleke kakhulu ezinesihloko esibanzi sangaphambili.
Izivuni ezijwayelekile ezihlanganisayo
Ephezulu hlanganisa umvuni inomumo wakudala futhi ojwayelekile onesihloko esingemuva esidla ku-rotary thresher. Le modeli inobubanzi bokusebenza obungu-2,844 mm obungu-6.5 ft (2.8 m) nezici ezihlanganisiwe eziphelele. Ilungele zonke izinhlobo zokusanhlamvu, okuhlanganisa ukolweni, ummbila, ummbila, irayisi nobhontshisi wesoya. Itholakala phakathi kwe-US $27,800.00 kanye ne-US $29,800.00.
Lokhu Imodeli kaMassey Ferguson wuphawu lomhlaba wonke olujwayelekile owaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni wokulima. Iboniswa lapha ngesihloko esiseceleni esivamile futhi ifakwe namathrekhi enjoloba ngaphambili ngomsebenzi wensimu emanzi. Le nguqulo itholakala phakathi kwe-US $8,000 kanye ne-US $10,000.
Ukwehluka kwesihloko esiseceleni esivamile inhlokweni yommbila/yombila, esebenza kahle ngezitshalo ezinkulu zekhanda njengommbila nommbila. Kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvuna ingafakwa ngesigubhu esiseceleni esivamile noma ngekhanda lommbila.
Isihloko sommbila sisebenza ukuhlukanisa inhloko enkulu yommbila noma ummbila esihlangeni esikhundleni sokusika, njengasekhanda elivamile. Ububanzi bokusebenza buyafana kuzo zombili izinhlobo zamaheda ku-6.6 ft (3 m), futhi intengo ingu-US $11,200.
Lona unhlokweni wasemaceleni hlanganisa umvuni inesihlukanisi esiyimigqa engu-8 sokukha ummbila nommbila kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza obungu-6.6 ft (3m). Iphinde ibe nesici sokusika isiqu. Itholakala nge-US $45,000.
I-Rotary ihlanganisa izivuni
Olunye uhlobo oluyinhloko lokuvuna okuhlangene uhlobo olujikelezayo. Phakathi ku I-Rotary ihlanganisa ukuvuna, unhlokweni oseceleni uthathelwa indawo unhlokweni ojikelezayo ohambisa izitshalo phezulu kokuphakelayo okugobile kuyunithi yokubhula. Izivuni ezijikelezayo zidinga amandla amaningi kunezinhlobo ezisemaceleni kodwa zithathwa njengezingawonakali kangako futhi azimosheli kakhulu okusanhlamvu okuncane, okuthambile.
Lokhu I-Rotary ihlanganisa ukuvuna inobubanzi obusebenzayo obungu-6 ft (1.8 m), amandla afinyelela ku-200 hp, futhi itholakala nge-US $27,000. Ikhangiswa njengelungele izihlanga zommbila notshani be-alfalfa.
Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili buhlanganisa izivuni
Phezulu kohla lwenhlanganisela yokuvuna kunemishini emikhulu nesezingeni eliphezulu efana nalena UJohn Deere S790. U-John Deere ungumkhiqizi omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni wezivuni ezihlanganisiwe futhi uphethe cishe u-35% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke.
Le modeli iza nenqwaba yezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe, njenge-Integrated Combine Adjustment (ICA 2). Sisebenzisa amakhamera edijithali nezinzwa, isivuni sihlala siqapha isivinini sokuvuna, ukubhula, nokuhlanza futhi senza izinguquko zesikhathi sangempela ukuze kukhuliswe ikhwalithi yokuthwebula okusanhlamvu. Le modeli iza nezinhlobonhlobo zezinketho nokufakwayo, ipakisha ngaphezu kwe-500 hp, futhi inenani lama-US $97,000.
Amamodeli amakhulu alingana unhlokweni ababanzi (amaphiko), nhlangothi zombili zenhlokweni emaphakathi, anikeza isilawuli sekhonta esingalungisa amaphiko amabili aseceleni phezulu noma phansi ukuze afane nanoma yiluphi ushintsho ku-contour yenkundla. Bangakwazi futhi uku-engela yonke iyunithi yangaphambili phezulu noma phansi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemithambeka. Ngalezi zindlela, lezi zivuni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu zithuthukisa ukuthwebula okusanhlamvu ngokuhlala endaweni ekahle kakhulu yensimu nesilimo.
Yini okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukhetha isivuni esihlangene
Umthengi wokuvuna okuhlangene uzoba nokucabangela okumbalwa ekukhetheni umshini ofanele izidingo zabo, izici ezinkulu kuba uhlobo lwezitshalo, isikali sokuvuna okufanele sithathwe, kanye, vele, nesabelomali.
Nqampuna nohlobo lweheda
Izitshalo ezihlukene zidinga izihloko ezihlukene. Ngakho isivuno sikakolweni sizodinga unhlokweni ohlukile kunommbila, irayisi, noma isitshalo sesoya. Isitshalo siphinde sibe nomthelela ekumisweni kwemisebenzi yokucubungula inhlanganisela ngoba utshani obuhlukene kanye nezinhlamvu kudinga ukulungiswa kwesivinini sokubhula kanye nokuhlanza okusanhlamvu.
Ububanzi besihloko
Ubukhulu bensimu noma i-paddy, ukwakheka kwezitshalo, kanye nesivinini sokuvuna kusiza ukunquma umthamo wokuvuna kanye nobubanzi besihloko. Inani lesivuno umvuni angasisika endaweni eyodwa linqunywa ububanzi bokusebenza besihloko. Isihloko esincanyana sisho ukudlula okuningi phezulu naphansi kwenkundla, kanti unhlokweni obanzi uphatha isivuno esiningi ngephasi eyodwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unhlokweni ubanzi ngokungadingekile, khona-ke kukhona umzamo olahlekile kanye nokuvuna okungenamsebenzi.
Amandla okuvuna
Amandla enjini, akalwa ngamandla ehhashi, anquma amandla okusika ekhanda, futhi umvuni kufanele akwazi ukusika ngokwanele usayizi nokuminyana kwesitshalo. Amandla nawo adinga ukwanela ukushayela ukubhula, ukuhlanza, nokwela, kanye nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi eyengeziwe njengokusika nokusabalalisa.
Yonke le misebenzi ishayelwa kanye kanye injini. Uma umshini wokuvuna inhlanganisela kuwuhlobo olufakwe ngogandaganda, khona-ke ugandaganda kufanele ukwazi ukukhiqiza amandla anele ngokusebenzisa shaft yokususa ugesi. Yebo, amandla enjini nawo ahlobene nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, futhi amandla amaningi asho ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokungadingekile.
Isabelomali, izici nobuchwepheshe
Noma iyiphi ingxoxo emayelana nesivuni esilungile kufanele, vele, ibambe iqhaza kwisabelomali esikhona. Amapulazi amancane angase ancamele ukutshala imali kumshini wokuvuna ogibele ugandaganda ukuze okunamathiselwe kokuvuna kudinga kuphela ukufakwa ngesikhathi sokuvuna futhi ugandaganda ungasetshenziswa kweminye imisebenzi eminingi yasepulazini.
Lezi zinguqulo zilula futhi azikho ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, njengezinhlelo ze-GPS, ukuthwebula okusanhlamvu, ukulungiswa kwesihloko, nokulinganisa isivuno. Imishini yebanga eliphakathi ingase ihlanganise izinzwa ezilinganiselwe, kodwa amasistimu athuthuke kakhulu angase atholakale emishinini emikhulu nasemikhiqizweni yemikhiqizo ephezulu ngenani eliphakeme.
Imicabango yokugcina
Ukuhlanganisa izivuni ezinhlotsheni zamanani aphansi ziwumshini futhi ziyasebenza futhi zenza yonke imisebenzi esemqoka yokuvuna. Kukhona ongakhetha kukho komthengi, kusukela kumaheda okuvuna avamile kuya kumaheda ajikelezayo, amasondo, amathrekhi, noma izinguqulo ezenziwe lula ezifakwe ngogandaganda.
Kunezinketho zokucushwa nokufakwa kwezinhlobo zokusanhlamvu okufanele zivunwe. Ekupheleni kwemakethe, ubuchwepheshe buya ngokuya busetshenziswa ukuze kukhuliswe ukuthwebula okusanhlamvu kwekhwalithi ngokufaka okuncane kakhulu okuvela kumshayeli. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka i-showroom eku-inthanethi ku- Cooig.com.
