I-Fortescue, ngokusekelwa yi-Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA), izikhungo zikahulumeni, izikhungo zocwaningo, kanye nabalingani bezimboni, iqhube ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwe-ammonia emhlabeni, kuhlanganiswe nodizili ekushiseni, njengophethiloli wasolwandle emkhunjini we-Singapore-flagged ammonia-powered power, the I-Fortescue Green Pioneer, echwebeni laseSingapore.
The I-Fortescue Green Pioneer ilayishwe i-ammonia ewuketshezi evela endaweni ekhona ye-ammonia e-Vopak Banyan Terminal e-Jurong Island ukuze kuvivinywe uphethiloli. Ekuqedeni ukuhlola kukaphethiloli, i-Fortescue Green Pioneer iphinde yathola imvume yefulegi evela kwabe-Singapore Registry of Ships (SRS) kanye nesaziso esithi “Gas Fueled Ammonia” by classification society DNV ukusebenzisa i-ammonia, kuhlanganiswe nodizili, njengophethiloli wasolwandle.
Njengesithwali se-hydrogen, i-ammonia ingathuthwa iye ezikhungweni zesidingo sokuphehla ugesi nanjengamafutha olwandle ekusekeleni uguquko lwamandla. Imikhumbi eminingana ye-ammonia efuthelwa kabili i-odwe ngabanikazi bemikhumbi.
The I-Fortescue Green Pioneer iqale uhambo lwayo olubheke ekubeni umkhumbi wokuqala emhlabeni onamandla we-ammonia ohamba olwandle ngo-2022 ngenkathi i-Fortescue iguqula ngempumelelo injini enemivimbo emine ukuthi isebenze ku-ammonia, ihlanganiswe nodizili, endaweni yayo yokuhlola esezweni e-Perth, eNtshonalanga Australia. (Okuthunyelwe ngaphambilini.)
Ngemva kokuphumelela kokuhlolwa komhlaba, umsebenzi wokuguqula waqala emkhunjini egcekeni le-Seatrium's Benoi kusukela ngoJulayi 2023. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwesistimu yokulethwa kukaphethiloli wegesi, izinhlelo zokuphepha nengqalasizinda, kanye nokuguqulwa okuyimpumelelo kwezinjini ezimbili kwezine zomkhumbi ukuze kusetshenziswe i-ammonia, ehlanganiswe nedizili ekuqhutshweni komkhumbi amandla. Izinjini ezimbili ezisele zisemoyeni I-Fortescue Green Pioneer izosebenzisa amafutha ajwayelekile uma kudingeka.
Ukulungiselela ukusebenza komkhumbi e-Singapore, imihlangano yokucobelelana ngolwazi yokuhlonza iHazard kanye ne-Hazard and Operability Study yahlelwa ngokuhlanganyela yi-MPA, Fortescue, Vopak, izikhungo zocwaningo, kanye nabalingani bezimboni ukuze kuhlonzwe izingozi ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokuhlolwa kwenjini kanye nokuthuthukisa izindlela ezidingekayo zokuvimbela, ukulawula, kanye nokunciphisa.
Imodeli ye-ammonia plume yathuthukiswa ngokuhlanganyela yi-Agency for Science, Technology and Research's Institute of High Performance Computing (A*STAR's IHPC), Maritime Energy and Sustainable Development Centre of Excellence yaseNanyang Technological University (MESD), Isikhungo Sezobuchwepheshe Se-Offshore and Marine, Singapore (TCOMS), kanye neNyuvesi Kazwelonke yeTropical TM SIYE isungula iSikhungo Sezesayensi Yezokuphepha saseSingapore (imodeli yeTropical TM SI). i-ammonia plume esigamekweni sesigameko, kanye nokweseka ukuphepha nokuhlelwa kwezimpendulo zesigameko.
Imodeli, eyabalelwa ku- I-Fortescue Green PioneerImingcele yesakhiwo somkhumbi kanye nenjini, ukuziphatha kwe-ammonia ngaphakathi kwesimo sezulu esishisayo sase-Singapore, izimo zamanje zamanje zolwandle, kanye nemikhumbi ezungezile, ingqalasizinda, namajiyometri, kwasetshenziswa ukuqondisa ukusebenza. Izolokhu ithuthukiswa njengoba imisebenzi yezibaseli zasolwandle ikhula echwebeni laseSingapore.
Isikhungo Sezimo Eziphuthumayo siphinde samiswa esikhungweni sokulawula ukusebenza kwePort Operations ye-MPA sabamele i-MPA, Fortescue, Vopak, izikhungo zocwaningo, nezinhlaka zikahulumeni ukuze ziqaphe ukusebenza, obekusekelwa ukusakazwa bukhoma okunikwe amandla yi-drone okusebenza yi-Skyports Drone Services.
Ukuhlolwa kukaphethiloli kwenziwa esikhathini esingamasonto ayisikhombisa futhi kuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwe I-Fortescue Green PioneerAmasistimu okugcina i-ammonia, amapayipi ahlobene, isistimu yokulethwa kukaphethiloli wegesi, izinjini ezifakwe kabusha, kanye nokuba selwandle. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwe ngezigaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwechweba kanye nokuphepha kwamalungu ezisebenzi nonjiniyela asebeqede uchungechunge lwezikhathi zokuqeqesha ezinzima kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2023. Njengengxenye yemithetho yokuphepha yokwenziwa kwalezi zivivinyo, amalungu eqembu aphinde afaka izinto zokuzivikela ezifana namasudi okuvikela amakhemikhali, amagilavu ekhemikhali e-nitrile, amabhuzu enjoloba, imaski ecindezelayo efanelekile kanye nezigqoko zokuzivikela, kanye nezinsimbi ezikwazi ukuthungathwa.
Izinjini ezimbili ezine-four-strofitted retrofitted engines zisebenze njenge-proxy yokuthengisa izinjini zasolwandle ezifuthwa yi-ammonia ezisathuthukiswa emhlabeni jikelele. I-post-combustion nitrogen oxide (NOx) amazinga ahlangabezane nezinga lekhwalithi yomoya wendawo, kuyilapho imizamo yokunciphisa uphethiloli wokushayela wokushisa omlilo kanye ne-nitrous oxide (N2O) ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngemva kokushiswa kuzoqhubeka njengoba izinjini zasolwandle eziphehlwa i-ammonia kanye nemithombo ye-ammonia enekhabhoni ephansi itholakala.
Ama-cubic metres amahlanu (amathani amathathu) e-ammonia ewuketshezi asetshenziselwa ukuhlola uphethiloli ahlinzekwa yiVopak isebenzisa ingqalasizinda yayo ekhona endaweni eyi-10,000 m.3 I-Vopak Banyan Terminal e-Jurong Island. Njengengxenye yokulawulwa kobungozi, kwenziwa imisebenzi eminingi yangaphambi kokusebenza, ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kanye nokuhlolwa. Ingxenye yesibili yamathani amathathu e-ammonia ewuketshezi izolayishwa I-Fortescue Green Pioneer ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo nezivivinyo emasontweni ambalwa ezayo.
Ukulayishwa kukaphethiloli we-ammonia, okokuqala kwe-Vopak emhlabeni jikelele isebenzisa ingqalasizinda yayo ekhona e-Singapore, iqinisekisa amandla okusebenzisa ingqalasizinda ye-ammonia ekhona nefanayo ngendlela engabizi kakhulu ngamatheminali emhlabeni wonke ukuze kusekelwe ukusebenza, ukuthengiswa kanye nokukhushulwa okuqhubekayo kwe-ammonia njengophethiloli wasolwandle wokuthutha amazwe ngamazwe.
Umthombo ovela I-Green Car Congress
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Ulwazi olubekwe ngenhla lunikezwa i-greencarcongress.com ngaphandle kwe-Cooig.com. I-Cooig.com ayenzi izethulo namawaranti mayelana nekhwalithi nokuthembeka komdayisi nemikhiqizo.
