Iinkxalabo malunga nokufikeleleka kunye nokutshaja kweziseko ezingundoqo kucutha ukukhula kwemarike ye-BEV, kodwa ii-FHEVs kunye nee-PHEVs zibona impumelelo.
Imikhwa yokuthenga yabathengi ibonisa ukhetho olukhulayo lwezithuthi ezixubeneyo, iteknoloji yebhulorho ethomalalisa uloyiko lweebhetri ezifileyo kunye namathuba alinganiselweyo okutshaja anxulumene nezithuthi zombane (EVs).
Lo mkhwa uvuse inguqu kwiminqweno yemoto yombane webhetri (BEV), iMercedes-Benz iyeyona nkampani yamva nje yokwenza iimoto ukuba iphinde iqwalasele injongo yayo yokufakelwa kombane. Inkampani ibilindele ukuba i-50% yokuthengisa iza kuba neemoto ezinombane ngo-2025, kodwa ngoku ilibazise ekujoliswe kuko kude kube ngu-2030.
Imakethi ecothayo yaseYurophu yeBEV
Ngaphandle kweengqinisiso zakutsha nje zegosa eliyintloko lezemali lakwaBMW lokuba imakethi ye-BEV ifikelele “kwinqanaba lokuchwetheza” kwaye “ukukhula komthamo kwixesha elizayo kuya kuvela ikakhulu kwiimoto zombane zebhetri,” ukukhula kwimakethi yeBEV kuyacotha.
Unyaka ka-2023 ubone ukukhula kwehlabathi ngama-35% unyaka nonyaka ekuthengisweni kweemoto zabakhweli (PV) BEVs, eziqhutywa ikakhulu yi-China, apho iiyunithi ezizigidi ezili-10.3 zathengiswa kwilizwe lonke kwi-BEV kunye ne-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) iimarike. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno iye yawa kwiimarike zaseYurophu nase-US, njengoko amanani aphezulu athintele abathengi.
Ngezizathu ezibangela ukukhula okucothayo kweYurophu kwingxelo yakhe yamva nje, umhlalutyi weGlobalData uAl Bedwell uthi Ngokuzenzekelayo nje: "Imakethi ye-BEV yaseYurophu ikwixesha lokukhula kancinci njengoko abathengi abanoxinzelelo lwezemali bethintelwa ngamaxabiso aphezulu ezincamathelisi, kwaye, ewe, uluhlu kunye nokubiza ukuxhalaba kuhlala kungumba kubantu abaninzi abazakuba ngabaqhubi be-BEV."
Amaxabiso estikha aphezulu abulela kwiindleko ezinxulumene nophuhliso lwe-BEV, ziye zanda njengoko iibrendi zaseYurophu ziye zasungula izinto ezintsha kwicandelo leprimiyamu. Iqela lephulo laseYurophu lezoThutho kunye nokusiNgqongileyo liqaphele ukuba iimodeli ze-BEV ezingama-75 ziyafumaneka ngaphantsi kwee-euro ezingama-20,000 e-China, xa kuthelekiswa nenye yaseYurophu, inika ingxelo yokuba: “Ukujongwa ngendlela engalinganiyo kwabenzi beemoto ukuya kwiimodeli ezinkulu, ezingaphezulu kubangele amaxabiso aphezulu e-BEVs eYurophu.”
Iqhubekile yathi: “Ngelixa umndilili wexabiso le-BEV uwile e-China ngaphezulu kwe-50% ukusukela ngo-2015 enkosi, ngokuyinxenye, kugxininiso olukhulu kwii-EVs zemakethi ezikhulu ezifikelelekayo kunye nokudityaniswa kwekhonkco lokubonelela, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-BEV yaseYurophu linyuke nge-18,000 yee-euro, ebonisa ukuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-OEM zinokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezahlukileyo kakhulu kubathengi.
Ibali lahlukile e-China, apho inkxaso-mali yoshishino lwe-BEV ikhulise kakhulu ishishini, kunye ne-TS Lombard ingxelo yokuba inkxaso karhulumente waseTshayina iphelele phezulu kwi-US $ 130bn eqikelelwayo phakathi kwe-2009 kunye ne-2021. Oku kubangele ukuba iimoto zaseTshayina zigqithise iimpawu zangaphandle e-China - imarike enkulu emhlabeni jikelele - okokuqala ngqa kumashumi eminyaka.
Impumelelo yaseTshayina ibeka isoyikiso kubavelisi baseYurophu, njengoko ubuncinci iifemu ezingama-20 zaseTshayina ze-EV ziceba ukuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle, kubandakanya i-Nio, i-GAC, i-Great Wall Motors, i-Geely kunye ne-SAIC. I-TS Lombard inike ingxelo yokuba ii-BEV zaseTshayina ziyakhuphisana kuba "ixabiso labo elingenakoyiswa lixabiso, ngeemoto zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ezenziwe eTshayina ezinokubiza ikota enye kunomndilili weebrendi zaseYurophu nangona i-EU yangoku ye-10% yomrhumo wokungeniswa kwemoto, incediswa lixabiso eliphantsi labasebenzi baseTshayina kunye nokongamela kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngebhetri ye-EV."
Kutheni iiPHEVs neeFHEVs zifumene impumelelo
Ingxelo ka-Bedwell ithathela ingqalelo imarike eguqukayo, kunye nempumelelo egcweleyo yezithuthi zombane ezixutyiweyo (FHEVs) zifumene: “Iintengiso zengingqi zeemoto ezixubileyo ezigcweleyo, eziphantse zafakwa amafutha epetroli, ziphindeke kabini kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo kwaye ngoku zibaleka malunga neeyunithi ezingama-300k ngekota. Ngelixa kukho abadlali abaninzi emarikeni kunokuba kwakunjalo kwiminyaka emithathu eyadlulayo, ayikokufumaneka okukhulu okuqhuba imfuno. Abaqhubi beemoto zedizili abafikelela esiphelweni sokuqeshisa okanye ukuba ngabanini banokufumanisa ukuba ukhetho lweemoto ezinolu hlobo lwepetroli luhlile ukusukela oko bebegqibele ukutshintsha isithuthi sabo.”
Ii-PHEVs zikwalukhetho kubathengi abafuna ukuphucula, nangona kunjalo ixabiso eliphezulu lidityaniswe neenkxalabo malunga nokufumaneka kwezikhululo zokutshaja zenze ukuxhathisa.
Kodwa bobabini bayibonile impumelelo: Uhlalutyo lweGlobaData lufumanise ukuba intengiso ye-PHEV inyuke ngama-39% ngo-2023, yafikelela kwi-3.7 yezigidi zeeyunithi, ngelixa i-FHEV ibone ukonyuka kwe-30% ngonyaka okuqhutywa ziimarike ezingaphandle kweTshayina. Yaphawula ukuba aba "ngabathengi abafuna ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa abafuni okanye abakwazi ukufikelela kwiplagi."
Ezinye iinkampani zibone impumelelo ethile kwicandelo le-FHEV, kunye ne-automaker yaseJapan iToyota ehamba phambili kushishino. IRenault, Hyundai, Honda kunye neFord nazo ziye zangena emarikeni, nangona iToyota igqugqisile.
U-Bedwell ubonisa, nangona kunjalo, ukuba "into ebonakalayo, kukuba, ngaphandle kwaRenault, akukho namnye wabadlali ababalulekileyo kweli qela laseYurophu."
Umisa ukuba oku kunokubangelwa bubufutshane obunokwenzeka befestile yemarike yeFHEV. Nangona ukukhula kwe-BEV kucotha, kusekho i-akhawunti ye-70% yokuthengiswa kweemoto eYurophu ngo-2030; Ii-FHEV zibuchwephesha obusebenzayo bebhulorho kutshintsho, kodwa indima yabo iya kuba yethutyana. Iinkampani eziquka iVolkswagen kunye neStellantis ngoku zikhethe ukungangeni emarikeni, ngoku mhlawumbi engqondweni.
Umthombo ovela Ngokuzenzekelayo nje
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