Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla njengoko zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zombane, kubandakanya iilaptops, ii-smartphones, kunye neekhamera. Ngoko ayimangalisi into yokuba imfuno yezi bhetri ziphambili kuqikelelwa ukuba izonyuka ngokuphindwe kalishumi elinanye phakathi kuka-2020 no-2030, ifikelela ngaphaya. iiyure ezimbini terawatt ngo 2030. Bakhaphukhaphu kwaye bane a uxinano oluphezulu lwamandla, oku kuthetha ukuba banokugcina amandla amaninzi kunezinye iintlobo zeebhetri zendabuko. Kodwa zithini kanye ezi bhetri ze-18650 ze-lithium? Zisebenza njani? Kwaye abathengi bamashishini banokutsho njani ukuba ibhetri ethile ye-18650 ilungile kubo? Ibhlog yanamhlanje iya kuphendula yonke le mibuzo kunye neminye!
Isiqulatho
Yintoni ibhetri 18650?
Ziziphi iingenelo zokusebenzisa iibhetri ze-18650?
Indlela yokufumana ibhetri eyi-18650?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina iibhetri eziyi-18650
Fumana ezinye iintlobo zeebhetri
Yintoni ibhetri 18650?
Ibhetri ye-18650 yiseli ye-lithium-ion etshajwayo ebizwa ngokuba yimilinganiselo yayo: 18mm ububanzi kunye ne-65mm ubude. Umbane oqhelekileyo weebhetri ezisemgangathweni we-18650 yi-3.7 volts, kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiipakethi zebhetri, izibane, iilaptops, ivaping, kunye nezinye iimoto zombane.
Ezi bhetri zinomthamo ophezulu kwaye zenziwe ngamacandelo amahlanu aphambili: i-electrode ekhangayo, i-electrode engafanelekanga, i-separator, i-electrolyte, kunye ne-cell case. Iintlobo ezine zeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo zinokufunyanwa kwi-electrode engalunganga:
- ILithium cobalt oxides (LiCoO2)
- ILithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4)
- I-Nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium (LiNiMnCoO2)
- I-Nickel-cobalt lithium aluminate (LiNiCoAIO2)
Iibhetri ze-18650 zinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwaye zinexesha elide xa kuthelekiswa neeseli zealkaline ezifana neebhetri ze-AA ezilahlwayo. I-18650 ithathwa njengoluhlobo lwebhetri ephezulu, njengoko inokukhupha ukuya kwi-0% yentlawulo yayo. Kodwa lo mkhuba awukhuthazwa, njengoko unokuba nefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide lebhetri.
Ziziphi iingenelo zokusebenzisa iibhetri ze-18650?
Yintoni eyenza ukuba iibhetri ze-18650 zihluke kwezinye iintlobo zeebhetri ze-lithium ezitshajekayo? Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, siza kuphonononga ezona mpawu ziphambili zezi seli ngokomthamo, izinga lokuzikhupha, kunye nemijikelo yokutshaja.
Umgangatho ophezulu
Xa uthelekisa iibhetri ze-18650 kwezinye iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, umntu kufuneka acinge kuqala ukuba ibhetri ye-18650 ingaba namandla angakanani. Umthamo sisixa samandla aqulethwe ebhetrini kwaye silinganiselwa kwi-mAh (milliampere-yure).
ezinye 18650 iipakethi zebhetri yeLi-ion banamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6,000 mAh, engaphezulu kakhulu komthamo ophindwe kabini webhetri ye-AA ephambili (malunga ne-400-900 mAh). Oku kuthetha ukuba ngebhetri enye ye-Li-ion 18650, abasebenzisi banokufumana umsebenzi omningi wenziwe kunezinye iintlobo ezininzi zeebhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe zidityanisiwe.
Izinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha
Inzuzo yesibini yeeseli ze-18650 yinyaniso yokuba ezi bhetri ze-lithium zinezinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha, elibenza bahlale ixesha elide kunezinye iintlobo zeebhetri ezinokutsha. Umzekelo, i 2,600mAh lithium ibhetri inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokukhutshwa komjikelo kwaye inokugcina ngaphezulu kwe-80% yomthamo wayo emva kwemijikelo engama-500 enzulu yokukhupha.
Ukuzikhupha kwebhetri sisiganeko sendalo esenzeka xa ingasetyenziswa ibhetri, njengoko iya kuzikhupha kancinane ekuhambeni kwexesha. Le nto yokuzikhupha ibangelwa kukutshintsha kwe-electrochemical okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwebhetri nokuba ihleli ingenzi nto.
Inani elikhulu lemijikelo yokutshaja
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo malunga neebhetri ze-18650 kukuba zomelele ngendlela emangalisayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokuhlawuliswa kwaye bakhululwe amaxesha amaninzi, ukunika abasebenzisi ibhetri ehlala ixesha elide engadingi kutshintshwa rhoqo. Enyanisweni, iibhetri ezifana amandla aphezulu reiiseli ze-lithium ezihlawulelwayo inokutshajwa kwakhona ukuya kumaxesha angama-500 phambi kokuba baqale ukuphulukana namandla abo okubamba amandla.
Kodwa kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuhlawula ibhetri ye-18650? Oqhelekileyo 18650 itshaja yebhetri inemveliso ye-1000mAh, okuthetha ukuba ukutshaja ibhetri ye-2000mAh 18650 kuya kuthatha iiyure ezimbini. Oku kukhawuleza kakhulu kunexesha leeyure ezine zokutshaja kweebhetri ze-AA.
Indlela yokufumana ibhetri eyi-18650?
Ngaphambi kokuthenga ibhetri ye-18650 kwisixhobo sombane esinikiweyo, abathengi kufuneka bazi iinkcukacha zayo ezisisiseko ukuze baqinisekise ukuba ibhetri efanelekileyo ikhethiwe. Ngethamsanqa, eli candelo lichaza ezinye iimpawu eziphambili ekufuneka uzijonge xa kuthengwa iibhetri ezintsha ze-lithium-ion 18650.
Umthamo kunye nokukhutshwa okuqhubekayo kwangoku
Ezona parameters zibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuthengwa iibhetri ze18650 ngumthamo kunye nenqanaba lokukhuphela elikhuselekileyo eliqhubekayo (ekwaziwa njenge. C rating). Ezi xabiso zimbini zihambelana ngokuphambeneyo, oku kuthetha ukuba njengoko umthamo unyuka, ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwangoku kuyancipha.
Ubuninzi obuqhubekayo bokukhutshwa ngoku bubuninzi be-amperage apho ibhetri ye-lithium-ion kufuneka isebenze. Ngokomzekelo, i 3.6V 18650H yiseli yebhetri ephezulu yokukhupha amanzi kunye nomthamo ophakathi we-2600mAh, kodwa inokukhutshwa okuphezulu kwe-30A, okwenza kube kuhle kwiithotshi, izixhobo zombane, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezifuna ukusebenza ngokuphezulu kwixesha labo lobomi benkonzo.
Iibhetri ezimcaba-phezulu vs iqhosha-phezulu iibhetri
Iibhetri ze-18650 zineenguqu ezimbini zeepali ezilungileyo: i-flat top kunye neqhosha eliphezulu. Uninzi lwezixhobo zixhasa ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo zombini, kodwa iqhosha-phezulu iibhetri ezifana ne Iiseli zebhetri ze-Li-ion zifanelekile kuninzi lwezixhobo zombane, njengoko zingena ngokugqibeleleyo zingashiyi ndawo yokushukuma okanye indawo engafanelekanga.
Iibhetri ezikhuselweyo xa zithelekiswa neebhetri ezingakhuselekanga
Akukho mntu ufuna ukunamathela kwibhetri efileyo xa eyifuna kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuthatha ixesha ukwahlula phakathi kweebhetri ezikhuselweyo nezingakhuselekanga phambi kokuba wenze isigqibo sokuthenga.
Iibhetri ezikhuselweyo zinesekethe ye-elektroniki efakwe kwiibhokisi zazo. Esi sekethe sikhusela ukugqithiswa / ukukhutshwa kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane. Umzekelo, i 4,000mAh 18650 ibhetri iqulethe ibhodi yokukhusela kwaye iya kusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa ukuya kuma-60 ° C. Le yeyona bhetri ifanelekileyo yokunika amandla izixhobo ezifana nezibane ze-LED, iirediyo eziphathwayo, kunye neekhamera.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhetri ezingakhuselekanga azinalo olu hlobo lokhuseleko olwakhelwe kuzo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zibiza ngaphantsi kwaye zinomthamo omkhulu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela kunye nesixhobo sokubeka iliso sangaphandle, njenge iibhodi zokukhusela ibhetri or iinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri ukujonga imeko yempilo yabo kunye nokuthintela nawuphi na umonakalo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina iibhetri eziyi-18650
Iibhetri zeLithium zinobuntununtunu kakhulu kwiimeko zangaphandle kwaye zinokugqabhuka zibe ngamadangatye ukuba aziphathwanga kakuhle. Ngoko ke, ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho wabo kunye nokugcina ubomi beshelufu ixesha elide. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni xa ugcina iibhetri ze-18650.
iqondo lobushushu
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zinovelwano kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye zingonakala ukuba zibekwe kubushushu obuphezulu ixesha elide. Eyona ndlela yokugcina iibhetri ze-18650 ze-lithium kubushushu begumbi, elijikeleze i-20-25 degrees Celsius.
ukufuma
Iibhetri ze-18650 nazo kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo. Ukufuma kunokubangela ukubola kwii-electrodes, ezinokubangela ukusilela kwebhetri okanye umonakalo ongunaphakade. Abo bahlala kwimozulu efumileyo banokufuna ukugcina iibhetri zabo kwingxowa yeplastiki etywiniweyo, kunye namaso e-silica gel afakwe ukunceda ukufunxa ukufuma.
Imeko yentlawulo
Ngenxa yobume bazo bokuzikhupha, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukugcina iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziyi-18650 kwindawo erhajiwe kancinci-malunga ne-40-60% yomthamo wazo wentlawulo. Kwelinye icala, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuzigcina zigcwele; kungenjalo, zinokuba yingozi yomlilo.
Gcina kude kwizinto zentsimbi
Okokugqibela kodwa kuncinci, iibhetri ze-18650 kufuneka zigcinwe kude nezinto zetsimbi, njengeengqekembe zemali okanye izitshixo, njengoko ezi zinto zisengozini yokuzonakalisa okanye zibangele ukuba zihambe ngokukhawuleza.
Fumana ezinye iintlobo zeebhetri
Esi sikhokelo sisiqalo nje kumashishini afuna ukuntywila nzulu kwihlabathi lobuchwepheshe bebhetri. Ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi ezinye iintlobo zeebhetri ezikhoyo, jonga oku ngeposi blog kwaye ufunde indlela yokukhetha ezona bhetri zibalaseleyo zokusetyenziswa ekhaya nakwintengiso.
