Ngelixa ucoceko kunye nobomi beshelufu zisabalulekile, zidityaniswa ngokunyuka kweenkxalabo malunga nefuthe lokusingqongileyo lezinto zokupakisha.
Umzi-mveliso wokupakisha, njengabanye abaninzi, wachatshazelwa kakhulu ngubhubhani we-Covid-19. Njengoko ihlabathi liye lavela ngokuthe ngcembe kwisithunzi sale ngxaki yehlabathi, siye sabona inguqu enzulu kwiimvakalelo zabathengi, ngakumbi xa kuziwa ekutshintsheni izinto zokupakisha kunye nozinzo.
Uphando lwakutsha nje olwenziwe kumazwe ali-11 lubonelela ngemibono ebalulekileyo malunga nokutshintsha kwemeko yeshishini lokupakisha kweli xesha lasemva kobhubhane:
Ukunyuka kokubaluleka kozinzo ekupakisheni
Uzinzo ibiyinkxalabo ekhulayo yekhonkco lexabiso lokupakisha iminyaka eliqela, kwaye ubhubhane uye wakhawulezisa lo mkhwa. Njengoko uluntu luziqhelanisa nesiqhelo esitsha, ulwazi lwabathengi lokuzinza lukwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Ukufumana ukuqonda okunzulu malunga nalo mhlaba uvelayo, uhlolo olubanzi lwenziwa, lusakhela kuphando lwangaphambili olususela ngo-2020 olujolise kuluvo lwabathengi behlabathi kunye nophononongo luka-2023 oluphonononga uluvo lwabathengi eUnited States.
Ukuqonda kwehlabathi jikelele: Iimpendulo ze-11,500+ zityhila iziphumo eziphambili
Olu vavanyo lubanzi luka-2023 luquka iimpendulo ezisuka kubathengi abangaphezu kwe-11,500 kumazwe ali-11, lubonelela ngembono ephangaleleyo yezimo zengqondo zabathengi malunga nokuzinza kokupakisha.
Uvavanyo luveze iziphumo ezithathu ezibalulekileyo ezibumba ikamva loshishino lokupakisha:
1. Ucoceko kunye nobomi beshelufu busebalulekile
Kuwo onke amazwe ali-11 enziwe uphononongo, umxholo omnye omanyanisayo uye wabalasela: ucoceko nobomi beshelufu buhlala bungunobangela ophambili ophembelela izigqibo zokuthenga zabathengi.
Olu gxininiso luhlala luhleli kucoceko nolondolozo lunokunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nefuthe lobhubhani we-Covid-19 kwizinto eziphambili kubathengi. Izinto zokupakisha kunye noyilo oluqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kweemveliso ziqhubeka zifunwa kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ulindelo lwabathengi ludlulela ngaphaya kweenkxalabo zezempilo ezingoko nangoko, njengoko kubonakala kwezi ziphumo zilandelayo.
2. Iindidi ngeendidi eziphambili zokusingqongileyo
Iinkxalabo zabathengi ezinxulumene nefuthe lokusingqongileyo lokupakishwa kwemveliso zibonisa umahluko obalulekileyo wengingqi. Ngokucacileyo, amaxhala malunga nenkunkuma yaselwandle kunye neziphumo zawo kwi-ikhosistim yaselwandle iphambili eYurophu, eJapan nase-United States.
Le mimandla ibonisa utyekelo olucacileyo ngakumbi kwiinzame zozinzo ezinciphisa ubungozi obubangelwa kukupakisha imathiriyeli kwiilwandle zethu nakwindlela zamanzi.
Kwelinye icala, abathengi abakwamanye amazwe aseAsia kunye neLatin America bavakalisa uloyiko olukhulu malunga neendlela ezahlukeneyo zongcoliseko olunxulumene nezinto zokupakisha.
Ugxininiso lwabo luthande ukunabela kungcoliseko olusekelwe kumhlaba kunye nesiseko sendalo esingqongileyo sezinto zokupakisha.
3. Izimvo ezahlukeneyo malunga nokupakishwa okuzinzileyo
Mhlawumbi esona sityhilelo sibangel' umdla kuphando ziimbono ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi malunga nokuba yintoni na ukupakishwa okuzinzileyo. Amazwe ahlukeneyo aneembono ezahlukeneyo ngalo mba, aphenjelelwa ziimeko zawo eziphambili ngokwenkcubeko, indalo esingqongileyo, nezentlalo nezoqoqosho.
Umzekelo, kumazwe apho iinkxalabo malunga nenkunkuma yolwandle ziphezulu, izisombululo zokupakishwa ezizinzileyo zihlala zijikeleza ekunciphiseni inkunkuma yeplastiki kunye nokwamkela izinto ezinokubola.
Ngokuchaseneyo, imimandla enenkxalabo ephezulu malunga nongcoliseko olusekelwe kumhlaba ityekele kakhulu ekubekeni phambili ukupakishwa okucutha ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi nokukhuthaza ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Ngaphandle kolu tshintsho lwengingqi, kuvela imvumelwano xa kuziwa ekuchongeni ezona ndlela zincinci zokupakisha ezizinzile. Iiplastiki ezisetyenziselwa into enye kunye nenkunkuma epakishwe ngokugqithisileyo iphantse yagwetywa jikelele njengeyingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ukuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwembonakalo yomhlaba
Uluvo lwabathengi oluguquguqukayo olubhekiselele kuzinzo lokupakisha lubangela imingeni kunye namathuba oshishino lokupakisha. Nazi ezinye izinto eziphambili ezithathwa kumashishini kweli candelo:
1. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nentsebenziswano: Ishishini kufuneka liqhubeke nokusungula izinto ezintsha zokupakisha kunye noyilo ukuhlangabezana nolindelo oluguquguqukayo lwabathengi. Intsebenziswano kulo lonke ikhonkco lonikezelo ibalulekile ukuphuhlisa izisombululo zokupakishwa ezizinzileyo nezilungele ukusingqongileyo.
2. Imfundo nokwazisa: Ukufundisa abathengi malunga nempembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokhetho lokupakisha kunye neenzuzo zezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo kubalulekile. Iinkampani zokupakisha zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwaziseni nasekukhuthazeni ukhetho olulungele indalo.
3. Ukuthunga iimpahla zengingqi: Ukuqaphela iinguqu zengingqi kwizinto eziphambili zabathengi kubalulekile. Iinkampani zokupakisha zinokufuna ukuba iimveliso zazo zilungelelanise ukukhawulelana neenkxalabo ezizinzo kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo.
4. Ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo: Njengoko imfuno yabathengi yokupakishwa okuzinzileyo ikhula, iibhodi ezilawulayo zinokuzisa izikhokelo ezingqongqo kunye nemigangatho. Ukuhlala ngaphambi kwale migaqo kubalulekile kubadlali beshishini.
Umthombo ovela Isango lokuPakisha
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