Uyenza njani iBalance yoLwango kumanyathelo ama-5

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimali zeshishini zinokuziva ngathi yiphazili engapheliyo. Khawucinge ngokulandela ingeniso, ukuhlawula iindleko, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into iyadibanisa, ukufumana impazamo kwiincwadi zakho ezilahla yonke into.

Ngoku ka isifundo ukusuka kwiYunivesithi yase-Indiana, 60% yeempazamo zokubala zivela kwiimpazamo zokugcina iincwadi. Kodwa kulapho amashishini amaninzi asebenzisa khona ibhalansi yesilingo. Sisixhobo esilula kodwa esinamandla esikuncedayo ukubamba iimpazamo phambi kokuba zibe ziingxaki ezinkulu.

Yicinge njengendawo yokukhangela imali, uqinisekise ukuba yonke idola ibalwa phambi kokuba uqhubele phambili. Ngaba ufuna ukujonga nzulu ukuba yintoni ibhalansi yesilingo? Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela ibhalansi yesilingo esebenza ngayo kwaye kutheni kufuneka uyikhathalele (nokuba usebenzisa isoftware yokubala).

Isiqulatho
Yintoni ibhalansi yolingo?
    Kutheni ibhalansi yesilingo ibalulekile?
Ingaba ibhalansi yolingo isebenza njani?
Ingaba ibhalansi yolingo ibandakanya ntoni?
Ibhalansi yovavanyo vs. ibhalansi sheet: Yintoni umahluko?
Kufuneka ulungiselele kangaphi ibhalansi yesilingo?
Ngubani osebenzisa ibhalansi yesilingo?
Uyilungiselela njani ibhalansi yesilingo (inyathelo ngenyathelo)
    Inyathelo 1: Bala iibhalansi ze-akhawunti
    Inyathelo 2: Dlulisela iibhalansi kwibhalansi yolingo
    Inyathelo lesi-3: Yongeza idebhithi yakho kunye neekholamu zetyala
    Inyathelo lesi-4: Khangela iimpazamo ukuba iitotali azihambelani
    Inyathelo lesi-5: Vala ibhalansi yesilingo
Iingcebiso zokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwibhalansi yesilingo sakho
Ukusondeza phezulu

Yintoni ibhalansi yolingo?

Ibhalansi yolingo yingxelo yemali edwelisa zonke ii-akhawunti kwileja yakho jikelele, ebonisa iibhalansi zedebhithi kunye nekhredithi. Asiyongxelo yezemali esemthethweni (kungoko igama elithi “uvavanyo”) kodwa sisixhobo sangaphakathi sokujonga ukuba iincwadi zakho zilungelelanisiwe na.

Ukuba iidebhithi zakho zizonke zilingana neekhredithi zizonke, halala! Iiakhawunti zakho zilinganisiwe. Ukuba abakwenzi oko, luphawu lwakho lokufumana kwaye ulungise impazamo phambi kokuba ulungiselele iingxelo zemali okanye ujongane nophicotho.

Kutheni ibhalansi yesilingo ibalulekile?

• Ifumanisa iimpazamo zogcino zincwadi phambi kokuba ikhephu

• Uqinisekisa ukuba iingxelo zakho zemali zichanekile

• Ikunceda ubone intengiselwano engekhoyo okanye ephindwayo

• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo phambi kophicotho-zincwadi okanye ukufakwa kwerhafu

Ingaba ibhalansi yolingo isebenza njani?

Ukuba usebenzisa i-accounting ephindwe kabini, yonke intengiselwano ineenxalenye ezimbini-i-debit kunye nekhredithi-efanele ihlale ibhalansi. Umzekelo, uqala ukurekhoda intengiselwano xa isenzeka kwaye uyihlaziye kwakhona xa ufumana intlawulo. Khumbula ukuba zonke ii-akhawunti ezikule rekhodi kufuneka zilingane ziye ku-zero.

Ukuba iimali ezitsalwayo zizonke kunye neekhredithi azihambelani, unomba ofuna ukulungiswa. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ibhalansi yesilingo sisishwankathelo esahlukileyo sazo zonke iintengiselwano ezivela kwileja yakho ngokubanzi, kukunceda ukhangele ukuba yonke into idibanisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye neerekhodi ezichanekileyo.

Ingaba ibhalansi yolingo ibandakanya ntoni?

Ingxelo yovavanyo lwebhalansi inezintlu ezintathu eziphambili:

• Amagama eakhawunti: Udwelisa zonke ii-akhawunti, umzekelo, ii-asethi, amatyala, umvuzo, kunye neendleko.

• Iibhalansi zedebhithi: Ibonisa iimali ezitsalwayo kwi-akhawunti nganye.

• Iibhalansi zetyala: Ibonisa iikhredithi zizonke kwi-akhawunti nganye.

Ibhalansi yovavanyo vs. ibhalansi sheet: Yintoni umahluko?

Abantu bahlala bebhidanisa ibhalansi yesilingo kunye ne-balance sheet, kodwa basebenzela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Ibhalansi yesilingo sisixhobo sangaphakathi sokujonga ukuba ii-akhawunti zilinganisiwe. Ngokuchaseneyo, i-balance sheet yinkcazo yemali engundoqo enika umfanekiso wempilo yezoqoqosho yenkampani.

Amashishini kufuneka enze amaphepha ebhalansi minyaka le kwaye abelane ngawo nabatyali-zimali bamaziko emali, oko kubenza babaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni iimali zabo. Kwelinye icala, ibhalansi yesilingo inceda nje ngokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi.

Kufuneka ulungiselele kangaphi ibhalansi yesilingo?

• Cinga ngokulungiselela nokuba linye iphepha lomncono lolingo kwixesha ngalinye lokunika ingxelo (ngenyanga okanye ngekota).

• Lungiselela ibhalansi yesilingo nanini na xa ukrokrela impazamo yobalo.

• Iibhalansi zovavanyo zinokunceda phambi kokulungiselela iingxelo zemali okanye iirhafu.

Phawula: Okukhona ulungiselela rhoqo ibhalansi yesilingo, ayancipha amathuba okuba iimpazamo ziyafumba.

Ngubani osebenzisa ibhalansi yesilingo?

Iingcali ze-accounting kunye nokugcinwa kweencwadi zisebenzisa ibhalansi yesilingo ukujonga iirekhodi zemali zenkampani. Ngelixa isoftware yobalo yanamhlanje inceda ukunciphisa iimpazamo, ibhalansi yesilingo zisabalulekile kuphononongo lwangaphakathi.

Umzekelo, abaphathi abaphezulu banokufumana iingxelo zovavanyo lwebhalansi ziluncedo kuba zinceda ukubonisa ulwazi oluphambili lwemali. Ngokunjalo, amaqela obalo-mali athembele kuwo ngokuphononongwa rhoqo okanye ukuchonga iimpazamo ezinokubakho.

Uyilungiselela njani ibhalansi yesilingo (inyathelo ngenyathelo)

Inyathelo 1: Bala iibhalansi ze-akhawunti

Amashishini arekhoda zonke iintengiselwano zawo kwi-ledger jikelele, abela nganye ingeniso yejenali kwaye edibanisa kwi-akhawunti efanelekileyo. Apha kulapho ulwazi oluninzi lwebhalansi yolingo luvela khona.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yakho yogcino-zincwadi, kunokufuneka uhlanganise iindleko ezahlukeneyo kunye nemithombo yengeniso. Umzekelo, iakhawunti yakho ehlawulwayo inokuba neentengiselwano ezininzi ezincinci onokuzidibanisa ngaphambi kokuba udlulisele itotali kwibhalansi yolingo lwakho.

Ukongeza, amashishini kufuneka avale ibhalansi nganye ukugcina ugxininiso lwawo kumaxesha athile, ngokwesiqhelo umjikelo wabo wokubala (ngenyanga okanye ngekota). Nangona kunjalo, banokuphinda bahlole ibhalansi yabo ixesha elifutshane xa kuyimfuneko.

Inyathelo 2: Dlulisela iibhalansi kwibhalansi yolingo

Okulandelayo, shenxisa iibhalansi zokuvala kwileja yakho ngokubanzi uye kwibhalansi yolingo, uqinisekise ukuba zonke iiakhawunti ziyahambelana phakathi kwezi zimbini. Rekhoda ikhredithi epheleleyo kwikholamu yasekhohlo (ecaleni kwamagama e-akhawunti) kunye nentlawulo epheleleyo kwikholamu esekunene.

Nikela ingqalelo apha! Kulula ukurekhoda amanani kwikholamu engalunganga okanye phantsi kweakhawunti engalunganga. Nokuba impazamo encinci inokuphosa yonke ibhalansi yesilingo sakho, ukuchitha ixesha uzama ukufumana kunye nokulungisa impazamo.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Yongeza idebhithi yakho kunye neekholamu zetyala

Yongeza yonke ibhalansi yakho yetyala kunye nedebhithi. Ukuba ulandele amanyathelo ngokuchanekileyo, oku kufuneka kube yinkqubo ekhawulezayo kwaye ethe ngqo. Ukuba usebenzisa isoftwe yespredishithi njengoMicrosoft Excel, unokusebenzisa ifomula ukukwenzela umdlalo ngokuzenzekelayo.

Emva koko, khangela iitotali zakho zokugqibela. Iibhalansi zekhredithi kunye ne-debit kufuneka zihambelane. Ukuba benjenjalo, oko kuthetha ukuba iincwadi zakho zilungelelene. Masithi abakwenzi; subanexhala. Inqaku elipheleleyo lebhalansi yesilingo kukubamba lo mahluko kwangoko ukuze ufumane kwaye ulungise naziphi na iimpazamo phambi kokuba zibe yimiba emikhulu.

Inyathelo lesi-4: Khangela iimpazamo ukuba iitotali azihambelani

Kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kutheni amanani akho engahambelani. Ke, qala ngokujonga iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo, njengokufaka idatha kwikholamu engalunganga okanye iakhawunti, amanqaku alahlekileyo edesimali, kwaye ulibale ukufaka intengiselwano. Nje ukuba ufumene impazamo, buyela umva ngamanyathelo amathathu ukuya kwelesihlanu kwaye ujonge ukuba ibhalansi yakho epheleleyo.

Phawula: Qhubeka uphinda le nkqubo de yonke into ihambelane ngokuchanekileyo.

Inyathelo lesi-5: Vala ibhalansi yesilingo

Emva kokugqiba inkqubo, unokuvala ibhalansi yesilingo sakho kwaye ugcine uxwebhu. Inokuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukuphonononga okanye ukwandisa ixesha kamva. Ukuba usebenzisa isoftwe yespredishithi, cinga ngokugcina ithempleyithi enefomula ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ukwenza ibhalansi yesilingo sexesha elizayo ikhawuleze kwaye ibelula.

Iingcebiso zokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwibhalansi yesilingo sakho

• Sebenzisa isoftware yokubala: Cinga ngokutyala imali kwizixhobo ezifana ne-QuickBooks, i-Xero, kunye ne-FreshBooks, ezenza ngokuzenzekelayo iibhalansi zesilingo. Ezi zixhobo ziya kunceda ukunciphisa iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ngokungena kwedatha ngesandla. Abanye bade bazenzele inkqubo, bekhupha idatha kwii-invoyisi kunye namanye amaxwebhu emali.

• Yenza iirekhodi rhoqo: Okukhona ulungiselela rhoqo iibhalansi zolingo, kokukhona kulula ukubamba iimpazamo ezincinci phambi kokuba zibe ziingxaki ezinkulu.

• Ukuhanjiswa kolwazi olulula: Musa ukudibanisa idatha yakho ye-accounting. Unokusebenzisa iisistim zombane ukuphucula ukuhamba kolwazi kwaye ugcine yonke into icwangcisiwe kwindawo enye.

Ukusondeza phezulu

Ngelixa abaninzi bebona ibhalansi yovavanyo njengomsebenzi wokubala, abanye bayibona njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo esinceda amashishini agcine ukuchaneka kwemali, athintele iimpazamo ezibizayo, kwaye aqinisekise ukuba iincwadi zilungelelene.

Nokuba ungumnini-shishini elincinci okanye umgcini-mali, ukuqhuba ibhalansi yesilingo rhoqo kunokongela ixesha, uxinzelelo, kunye nemali ekuhambeni kwexesha. Nokuba awuyithandi imbono yokungena kwedatha ngesandla, unokuhlala uzenzele inkqubo ngamaqonga wokubala.