Iinkuthazo zokwenziwa kwemveliso kuMthetho wokuNcitshiswa kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso e-US (IRA) ziqhube utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo e-United States, ukukhulula abatyali-mali abaninzi; abaphuhlisi; ubunjineli, ukuthenga, kunye nababoneleli ngenkonzo yokwakha (EPCs); kunye nabafakeli. Abavelisi beemodyuli babebona ngokukhawuleza ukusabela kwiphakheji yomgaqo-nkqubo wemozulu, ukwandisa umthamo wemveliso wesigaba sokugqibela sendibano yemodyuli, njengoko eli lelona candelo lilula ukwandisa. Bangaphezulu kweshumi elinambini abavelisi beemodyuli baye babhengeza izicwangciso zokuseka okanye ukwandisa iifektri eUnited States, ubukhulu becala bejolise kumthamo wemveliso wonyaka wegigawatt, ukusukela oko kwabhengezwa iIRA.
Ngokucacileyo, i-First Solar ibe yeyona nto iphambili ekuqhubeni le ntshukumo e-US Ngapha koko, inkampani isandula ukubhengeza indawo yesibonelelo sayo sesihlanu, esiseLouisiana kwaye iza kuzisa umthamo wayo e-United States ukuya kwi-15 GW ngo-2027, ibalwa kwikota yomthamo wemodyuli iyonke elizweni. Umthamo wemodyuli yokuqala yeSolar ebhityileyo ibaluleke kakhulu ekufezekiseni imfuno yexesha elide e-US kuba ayikhuselekanga kwimeko yezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko ezinobungozi kwimixokelelwane yemveli, yecrystalline-silicon. Ayikho enye inkampani esele yoyisile imiceli mngeni yendalo kunye neendleko eziphezulu zefilimu encinci xa kuthelekiswa neemodyuli zekristale, okuthetha ukuba utshintsho lwetekhnoloji alunakuba yindlela eya phambili ye-US ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zayo zokuzimela kwamandla.
Umxholo wasekhaya
NgoMeyi kulo nyaka, iSebe likaNondyebo likhuphe ingcaciso malunga ne-10% yetyala lebhonasi yerhafu efumanekayo ngaphezulu kwetyala lerhafu yotyalo-mali ngokusebenzisa amacandelo enziwe ekuhlaleni kwiiprojekthi. Ngokucacileyo, isigqibo sokudwelisa iiseli ze-PV njengelona candelo lithe kratya sele liqalisile ukuqhuba igagasi lesibini lezaziso zamandla okuvelisa kwinqanaba leseli. Nge-18 GW yomthamo weseli esele icwangcisiwe, izibhengezo ezininzi zilindelekile, ngakumbi njengoko abaphuhlisi beprojekthi baya kufuna iiseli ezenziwe e-US ukuhlangabezana nomgangatho ophezulu womxholo wasekhaya ngo-2026 no-2027.
Ngaphandle kwe-22 GW yomthamo omtsha wokuvelisa i-wafer, ngo-2027, ukucaciswa kwebhonasi yomxholo wasekhaya kuye kwacima utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo lwe-ingot kunye ne-wafer. Ifomula emisela ukuba yintoni ekufanelekelayo ukuba "yasekhaya" ivumela abavelisi beeseli ukuba babandakanye iindleko ezithe ngqo zamacandelo angaphantsi "njengezasekhaya," kubandakanywa i-polysilicon, i-ingot, kunye neendleko zokuvelisa i-wafer.
Oku kusebenza nokuba, umzekelo, i-wafer isuka kwelinye ilizwe. Ekugqibeleni, abaphuhlisi baya kukwazi ukufumana ibhonasi yomxholo wasekhaya ngaphandle kwaloo macandelo asekhaya, okwenzakalisa imeko yeshishini lokuseka iindawo zokuvelisa ezibaluleke kangaka eUnited States.
Imiba yezopolitiko
I-US iya kwakha isiseko esikhulu seeseli zasekhaya kunye nomthamo wemodyuli kodwa abaninzi abavelisi basaza kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwipolysilicon kunye nokungeniswa kwe-wafer evela e-China nakuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Kwitsheyina lokubonelela ngemodyuli yekristale, umthamo weseli uya kuba ngumqobo wokwenza ukuzimela, ngokusekwe kumthamo obhengezwe ngoku.
I-United States iya kufikelela kwi-68% yokuzimela kwimeko yangoku kwaye isikhokelo sebhonasi yomxholo wasekhaya kulindeleke ukuba iqhube umthamo wokuvelisa iiseli. IiWafers ke ziya kuba sisithintelo, ukuba umthamo weseli uyakhula njengoko kulindelekile, kodwa ziyakongeza kuphela umqamelo we-5 GW ngokwesakhono esicwangcisiweyo kwaye ke ngoko ziyakwandisa amandla okuzimela ukuya kuma-76%. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, phakathi kwekota kunye nesinye kwisithathu semfuno iya kuxhomekeka kwimodyuli yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, into eqhubeka isoyikisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo zezoqoqosho.
Ngokubanzi, phakathi kwe-12 GW kunye ne-20 GW yemfuno, ngonyaka, kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ezayo iya kuxhomekeka kumngcipheko onokubakho ovela kumaxabiso kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo othintelayo worhwebo, njengoMthetho we-Uyghur Forced Labour Prevention. Elo themba lisongela unikezelo lwangexesha lweemodyuli kubaphuhlisi kunye nee-EPC, ukusuka kwindawo yokufumaneka. Ngelixa i-United States ibonakalise ukukwazi ukubuyela kwakhona kunyaka onzima, ngo-2022, imingcipheko ekhoyo yekhonkco lonikezelo olusekwe kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ibonakalisiwe ukuba iyayichaphazela imarike.
Kwelinye icala, iUnited States ibe yenye yeemarike ezinkulu zofakelo lwelanga kwihlabathi jikelele, ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwayo ngokwembali kumakhonkco obonelelo lwangaphandle ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemfuno yayo. Izinto ezimbini zomlinganiselo we-IRA yenkuthazo kunye neprimiyamu yexabiso yeemodyuli eziyalelwa yimarike yase-US, iya kuqhubeka nokwenza i-US ibe yinjongo ephambili kubaxhasi beemodyuli ezijolise ekwandiseni umthamo kunye nokusebenzela abathengi basekhaya. Nakwimeko yangoku, iUnited States iya kufezekisa amanqanaba okuzimela ngokwaphula irekhodi eya kwenza ukuba imarike ingabinamngcipheko.
Umthombo ovela pv imagazini
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi oluchazwe ngasentla lunikezelwa yimagazini ye-pv ngaphandle kwe-Cooig.com. I-Cooig.com ayenzi lumelo kunye neziqinisekiso malunga nomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi kunye neemveliso.
