IVolkswagen ityala imali ephantse ibe ngama-200 eebhiliyoni zeerandi kule minyaka mihlanu izayo ukomeleza indawo yentengiso yesithuthi sombane (EV). Ngaphandle kokuhla okuncinci kunikezelo lulonke, iVolkswagen ihleli inethemba emva kokufumana ukonyuka kwe-26% kwintengiso ye-BEV ka-2022.
Utyalo-mali olunamabhongo lwenkampani luya kujolisa kwidijithali kunye nokufakelwa kombane njengoko ijolise ekutshintsheni kwimo yemoto yedijithali ngelixa ikhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kwe-EV. IVolkswagen inokukhutshwa okuninzi okuvuyisayo okuzayo, njenge-ID.7 kunye ne-Audi Q8 e-tron; Inxalenye yokutyhala kwayo ukuba isithuthi ngasinye sesihlanu sithengiswe kwihlabathi jikelele ukuze sibe sesombane ngokupheleleyo ngo-2025.
Inkampani iphinde yaqala amaqonga amabini (kunye nabanye ababini kwimisebenzi) ukubamba i-EV lineups yabo. Iqonga le-MEB yaba liqonga le-EV leqela lokuqala le-Volkswagen, kunye neqonga lePPE kunye ne-SSP ekulindeleke ukuba lithathe indawo yalo kungekudala. Nangona i-JI yayiyiqonga labo lesibini eliza kusungulwa, lisebenza ngakumbi njenge-architecture ezimeleyo ye-Porsche kunye ne-Audi EVs.
Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga iVolkswagen Group's MEB, J1, PPE, kunye namaqonga e-SSP kunye nendlela abonisa ngayo ukuzibophelela kwenkampani ekwenzeni imitsi ebalulekileyo kukhuphiswano lwemarike ye-EV.
Isiqulatho
Yintoni iqonga le-MEB?
Yintoni iqonga le-J1?
Lihlaziywa njani iqonga lePPE?
Lithini ikamva le-SSP?
isiphelo
Yintoni iqonga le-MEB?
IModular Electric Drive Matrix (MEB) liqonga Volkswagen scalable eyenzelwe ngokukodwa izithuthi zombane. Ikwasebenza njengesiseko seemodeli ezahlukeneyo zombane kuzo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeVolkswagen Group kunye nenkxaso yayo.
Ngexesha lokubhalwa, iqonga le-MEB lixhasa iimodeli ezingundoqo ezilithoba, kunye neQela leVolkswagen kunye nabancedisi bayo bavelisa isibhozo kuzo. Ezi zithuthi zilandelayo sele zine okanye ziza kubamba iqonga le-MEB:
- Volkswagen ID.3 (2019 – ngoku)
- Volkswagen ID.4 (2020 – ngoku)
- I-Skoda Enyaq IV (kubandakanywa nokwahluka kweCoupe) (2020 - ngoku)
- Volkswagen ID.5 (2021 – ngoku)
- I-Audi Q4 e-tron (i-Sportback eyahlukileyo ifakiwe) (2021 - ngoku)
- UCupra Wazalelwa (2021 - ngoku)
- I-Audi Q5 e-tron (2021 – ngoku)
- Volkswagen ID.6 (2021- yangoku)
- Volkswagen ID. I-Buzz (ibandakanya iCargo eyahlukileyo) (2022 - yangoku)
- I-Ford Explorer EV (iqala ngo-2023)
- Volkswagen ID.7 (iqala ngo-2023)
- Cupra Tavascan (iqala ngo-2024)
Ziziphi iimpawu zeli qonga?
Ukusabalala
Iqonga le-MEB likhawuleza kakhulu, livumela ukuveliswa kwe-EV kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu. Iyakwazi ukuhlalisa iimoto ezixineneyo, iisedan, iiSUVs, kunye nezithuthi ezinkulu ezifana neeveni. Le scalability iqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kwemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
Ukubekwa kwebhetri
Ipakethe yebhetri ehlanganisiweyo ihlala phantsi kumgangatho wesithuthi kwiqonga le-MEB. AbakwaVolkswagen balibiza eli lungiselelo “njengoyilo lwebhodi yokutyibiliza.” Le ndawo yokubekwa iyingqayizivele yehlisa iziko lemoto yomxhuzulane, iyenze izinze ngakumbi ngokuphucula ukuphatha. Kodwa ayisiyiyo yonke loo nto: ikwadala indawo engaphezulu yangaphakathi yabakhweli kunye nempahla.
Uluhlu kunye neenketho zokusebenza
Iqonga le-MEB lixhasa ubungakanani bebhetri obahlukeneyo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-powertrain, okuvumela iVolkswagen ukuba ibonelele ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba kunye neenketho zokusebenza. Ngokumalunga neebhetri, iqonga linokuthatha amandla ahlukeneyo okuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeemarike kwaye linikeze iinketho zee-EV ezimfutshane kunye nezinde.
Ukongeza, ibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ngokuxhasa i-motor-motor-wheel-wheel drive enye okanye i-motor-motor all-wheel drive setups.
Ukutshaja amandla
Izithuthi ezisekelwe kwi-MEB zinokuxhasa imigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokutshaja kunye nobuchule. Abaqhubi bangazihlawulisa ngokusebenzisa i-AC yokutshaja eqhelekileyo ekhaya okanye kwizikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke. Ezi moto nazo ziyaxhasa Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC ixesha lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokwenene, ukuhambelana kweqonga kunye neziseko zokutshaja ezininzi kuphucula ukusebenziseka kunye nokufikeleleka kubanini be-EV.
Ukudityaniswa kwedijithali kunye noqhagamshelwano
Phuma nge-analog kwaye ungene ngedijithali! Iqonga le-MEB ligxininisa ukudityaniswa kwedijithali kunye neempawu zoqhagamshelwano. Ngenxa yoko, izithuthi ezisekelwe kwi-MEB zenza udibaniso olungenamthungo lweenkonzo zedijithali, iinkqubo ze-infotainment, kunye neenkqubo eziphambili zokuncedisa abaqhubi (ADAS).
Ngaphezu koko, ezi zithuthi zihlala zibandakanya iinketho zoqhagamshelo olubanzi, zivumela uhlaziyo lwesoftware emoyeni, ukusebenza kolawulo olukude, kunye nezinye iinkonzo ezikrelekrele.
Yintoni iqonga le-J1?
Kwi-2015, i-Porsche yaqala ukuphuhlisa iqonga le-J1, i-architecture yemodyuli yezithuthi zombane eziphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, akuzange kube ngo-2019 apho iqonga laqala ukusetyenziswa kwiPorsche Taycan. I-Audi e-tron GT emva koko yalandela ngo-2020.
Iqonga le-J1 litsha kodwa sele lamkelwe kakuhle ngabagxeki kunye nabathengi. IPorsche Taycan ifumene indumiso ngokusebenza kwayo, uluhlu, kunye nobutofotofo bangaphakathi. Ngokufanayo, i-Audi e-tron GT yayikwindlela ekhawulezayo yokuthandwa kwabathengi, ngenxa yamava ayo okuqhuba amnandi ngokufanayo ngexabiso elifikelelekayo.
Ngokungafaniyo neqonga le-MEB, zezi modeli zimbini kuphela ezibamba uqwalaselo lwe-J1. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zilindele ukuba iimodeli ezininzi zifakwe kwiqonga kwiimodeli zePorsche kunye ne-Audi ezizayo, ezinokuthi zincede ukukhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kwe-EV kwicandelo lobunewunewu.
Ziziphi iimpawu zeqonga le-J1?
Ukwenza okuphezulu
IPorsche iyile iqonga le-J1 ukulungiselela iimoto ezinamandla zombane, inika izithuthi ezise-J1 ukukhawulezisa nokuphatha okugqwesileyo. Umzekelo, iPorsche Taycan inokuhamba ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-60mph ngemizuzwana eyi-2.6, kwaye inesantya esiphezulu se-161mph.
Uluhlu olude
I-platform ye-J1 inokusingatha iipakethi ezinkulu zebhetri, inika izithuthi zayo ukuhamba okude. Ngelixa i-Porsche Taycan iqhayisa ngeekhilomitha ezingama-201 ngentlawulo enye, i-Audi e-tron GT inokuhamba ukuya kuthi ga kwiikhilomitha ezingama-238 - ukwanda okungaphezulu kwe-30%.
Ubutofotofo bangaphakathi
Iqonga le-J1 liqhayisa ngobunewunewu bangaphakathi obumangalisayo, kunye nePorsche Taycan kunye ne-Audi e-tron GT zombini ziphangalele kwaye zikhululekile, kunye nezixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokugqitywa.
Ukongeza, izinto zangaphakathi zezi zithuthi zikwabonisa izinto ezahlukeneyo eziphambili, njengezihlalo ezifudunyeziweyo/ezingena umoya, iipanoramic sunroofs, kunye ne-premium sound systems.
Iimpawu zokhuseleko ezisebenzayo
I-Porsche ipakishe iqonga le-JI elineempawu ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko, njengeziqhoboshi ezizenzekelayo ezingxamisekileyo, isilumkiso sokunduluka kwendlela, kunye nolawulo lokuhamba ngohambo oluguquguqukayo, ukunceda ukugcina abaqhubi bekhuselekile kwaye kuthintelwe iingozi.
Ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza
Iqonga le-JI lixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-800 volts yokwakhiwa kombane, ivumela isantya sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ngokomzekelo, i-Porsche Taycan inokuhlawula ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-80% kwimizuzu engama-22.5.
Lihlaziywa njani iqonga lePPE?
Iqonga lePremium Platform Electric (PPE) limele intsebenziswano echulumancisayo phakathi kwePorsche kunye neAudi ejonge ukuhambisa izithuthi zombane ezinomtsalane. Baphuhlisa iqonga e-Ingolstadt nase-Weissach, kwaye silindele ukubona imodeli yokuqala ibetha imarike ngo-2023.
Xa i-Porsche kunye ne-Audi ibhengeze lo mzamo odibeneyo, babhengeza ukuba iintsapho ezintathu zemodeli entsha ziya kuvela eqongeni. I-Audi ikhokela ezimbini kwezi ntsapho, ngelixa iPorsche ikhokela iprojekthi yesithathu. Into enkulu malunga neqonga lePPE kukuba ivumela ukwabelwana kwecandelo phakathi kwezi modeli, eziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nophuhliso olungcono lohlengahlengiso.
Iqonga lePPE liya kuba ngumlandeli weqonga le-MLB, elisetyenziswe ngu-Audi kwiimodeli zabo zeenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi ezifana ne-A4-A8 kunye ne-Q5-Q8 series. Iqonga lePPE ngokungathandabuzekiyo liyafana ne-MEB kunye ne-J1 ehambelana nayo, kwaye yenzelwe ngokukodwa izithuthi ezinobungakanani obuphakathi kunye nezikhulu.
Okwangoku, i-Porsche Macan Electric kunye ne-Audi A6 e-tron zizona kuphela iimoto zombane eziqinisekisiweyo kwiqonga lePPE. Nangona kunjalo, amathemba anomdla akufuphi, njengokukhutshwa okulindelweyo kwePorsche 718 GT4 emva kokusungulwa kweqonga ngo-2023.
Ziziphi iimpawu zeqonga lePPE?
Idijithali ephezulu
Ii-EVs ezisekwe kwi-PPE ziya kuba nezakhono zedijithali eziqhubele phambili ngokumangalisayo. Inkampani yesoftware yeVolkswagen Group, iCARIAD, isebenza kwiqonga elitsha ledijithali kuzo zonke izithuthi ezibamba iqonga lePPE.
I-software ye-CARIAD ezayo ye-1.2 iza kubhengeza inkqubo entsha ye-infotainment ephenjelelwa kakhulu yi-Android Automotive OS. Le nkqubo ihlaziyiweyo iya kubonelela ngamava awodwa alungiselelwe uphawu ngalunye, iqinisekisa ukuba abaziva bengaqhelekanga kubasebenzisi.
Inkxaso yohlobo lweeseli zePrismatic
Ngokungafaniyo nabanduleli bayo, iimodeli ezisekwe kwiqonga lePPE ziya kuba neemodyuli zeprismatic cell battery pack. Ezi seli ziguquguquka ngakumbi kuneeseli ezingqukuva, ezisetyenziswe ngu-Audi kuvavanyo lwe-R8 e-tron.
Ukongeza kokuhambelana kwayo kunye nokupakishwa kwe-denser, iiseli zeprismatic zomelele ngakumbi ngenxa yezindlu zazo ze-aluminium.
Inkqubo yombane kunye noluhlu
Ii-EVs phantsi kweqonga lePPE ziya kufakwa iipakethi zebhetri ezinomtsalane ezinokubamba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100kWh. Ngelixa i-Porsche ingakhange ibonelele ngeenkcukacha malunga noluhlu olucetywayo oluphezulu, i-Audi ijonge ukuba imifuziselo yabo ikwazi ukufikelela ngaphezulu kwama-700km (iikhilomitha ezingama-435) ngentlawulo enye.
Ezinye iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ezi moto ziza kuba ne-800-volt state charge, ezivumela iintlawulo ezikhawulezileyo. Ngelixa bebecwangcisele ukubonelela ngemeko yokutshaja eyi-350kW encomekayo, iintlawulo ziya kulinganiselwa kuma-270kW – nangoku ngokukhawuleza okukhulu!
U-Audi ukhankanye ukuba intlawulo yemizuzu eli-10 enenqanaba lesi-3 letshaja ekhawulezayo ye-DC iya kubonelela malunga ne-300km yoluhlu, kwaye kuya kuthatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-25 ukubiza ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-80%.
Lithini ikamva le-SSP?
I-Scalable Systems Platform, okanye i-SSP, liqonga lemoto elinika umdla eliphantsi kophuhliso yiVolkswagen Group. Kuyinxalenye yesicwangciso sabo esinamabhongo esithi "Auto Auto", esijolise ekubeni neqonga elinye kuzo zonke izithuthi zabo zombane kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo.
IQela leVolkswagen libhengeze iqonga le-SSP ngoJulayi 2021, kwaye limiselwe ukusungulwa ngo-2026. Balindele ukuba lithathe indawo ye-MEB yangoku kunye neqonga le-PPE kunye neqonga le-injini yokutsha ye-Volkswagen yangaphakathi.
Enye yezinto ezipholileyo esinokuzilindela kwi-SSP luyilo lwemodyuli. Kuya kuba neqonga eliqhelekileyo kunye neemodyuli ezahlukeneyo, ezinikezela ukuguquguquka kunye nokulungelelanisa. Kwakhona, iVolkswagen ayijongi ukugcina iqonga lilodwa. Endaweni yoko, banezicwangciso zokunikezela kwabanye abavelisi bokhathalelo.
Ke ngoko, sinokujonga phambili ekuboneni iimoto ezahlukeneyo zombane ezakhiwe kwi-SSP. Iimoto ekulindeleke ukuba zisebenzise iqonga le-SSP ziquka, kodwa azikhawulelwanga koku:
- Volkswagen Bathathu Emnye
- Audi Artemis
- IPorsche Macan EV
Zeziphi iimpawu esifanele sizilindele nge-SSP?
Ukusabalala
Eyona njongo iphambili ye-SSP kukuhlaziywa, ukuyivumela ukuba isebenze kuzo zonke izithuthi ezahlukeneyo kungakhathaliseki ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nokusebenza. I-Volkswagen iceba ukufezekisa oku kuncipha ngokusebenzisa i-architecture yemodyuli, ukwenza ukutshintsha okanye ukuphucula amacandelo ahlukeneyo lula.
Ukusebenza kakuhle
Nangona iqonga lithembisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezitsala amehlo, inkampani ilindele ukuba isebenzise amandla ngobulumko ukuze inciphise inkcitho. Bajonge ukwenza oku ngokusebenzisa imathiriyeli ekhaphukhaphu, i-aerodynamics ephucukileyo, kunye neenkqubo ezikrelekrele zolawulo lwe-powertrain.
Izinto eziphambili
I-SSP iya kuza igcwele inkxaso yeempawu eziphambili, njengenqanaba lesi-4 lokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo kunye nohlaziyo lomoya.
isiphelo
IVolkswagen ilungiselela ukulungiswa ngokutsha kwesithuthi sombane kwaye inabo bonke oovimba abaludingayo ukwenza oko. Ngo-2022, iQela leVolkswagen lazisa iimoto zombane ezingama-572,100, zigcina indawo yazo njengenkokeli kwimarike yeBEV yaseYurophu.
Ukwakha kule mpumelelo, iVolkswagen inezicwangciso ezichulumancisayo zika-2023 nangaphaya, izisa imifuziselo emitsha phantsi kwamaqonga ayo e-MEB, J1, PPE, kunye ne-SSP.
