UMzantsi-mpuma weAsia yenye yezona ndawo zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi. Nabemi be ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-684, ikwangomnye weyona mimandla inabantu abaninzi ehlabathini. Oku kuyenza ibe yimarike enomtsalane kakhulu kumashishini amaninzi, kuquka nezolimo.
Oomatshini bokulima bebesetyenziswa kangangeenkulungwane ukunceda amafama ukuba avelise ukutya okuninzi kunokuba ebenokukufumana ngomsebenzi wezandla. Namhlanje, izixhobo zezolimo sele zihambele phambili kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Kodwa yintoni eyenza le marike ibe nomtsalane? Zeziphi ezinye zabaqhubi bayo abaphambili? Kwaye yeyiphi eminye imingeni amashishini ajonge ukungena kuyo anokujongana nayo? Funda ukuze ufumane ingqwalasela enzulu kwimarike yoomatshini bezolimo yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia!
Isiqulatho
Oomatshini bezolimo kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia: umfanekiso wemarike
Amazwe ama-4 akhokela imarike yoomatshini bezolimo
Imeko yokhuphiswano kwimarike yoomatshini bezolimo
Oomatshini bezolimo kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia: umfanekiso wemarike
Imakethi yoomatshini bezolimo kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele malunga ne-13 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2028 kwi-CAGR ye-7.20%, iitrektara zisesinye sezona zixhobo zifunwa kakhulu kwifama kulo mmandla. Imarike yoomatshini basefama baseAsia iya kuba kwinqanaba eliphezulu kule minyaka imbalwa izayo, notyalo-mali olwandisiweyo ngoorhulumente bommandla kwiziseko ezingundoqo kunye nophando nophuhliso.
Ngoku siyazi ukuba le marike ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, masijonge ngakumbi ukuba yintoni eqhuba oku kukhula-kwaye apho kukho amathuba okuba amashishini abandakanyeke. Ezi theyibhile zilandelayo zibonelela ngomfanekiso wabaqhubi abaphambili kunye namathuba, kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zithintele ukukhula kwale marike inempumelelo.
Abaqhubi beemarike kunye nezithintelo
| Abaqhubi beemarike | Izithintelo zemarike |
| Ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kuvumela amafama ukuba andise izixhobo zawo kwaye afumane isivuno esingaguqukiyo. | Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwezichumisi nezibulali-zinambuzane kunokubangela ukungcoliseka komhlaba nokungcoliseka kwamanzi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphulukaneni nemveliso. |
| Umnqweno wabathengi wokutya ukutya okunempilo uqhuba imfuno oomatshini bezolimo enokuvelisa izityalo ezininzi eziphilayo ngeendleko eziphantsi. | Kwingingqi apho imvula isele ingalindelekanga, iimeko zokusingqongileyo ziya zisiba mbi, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukugcina owona mhlaba ugqwesileyo. |
| Njengoko iindleko zabasebenzi zinyuka, amafama ajonge ukutshintsha umsebenzi wezandla ngoomatshini bezolimo abanokwenza imisebenzi efanayo ngokufanelekileyo nangokusebenza ngcono kwezoqoqosho. | Izixhobo zasefama ezineenjini zedizili zinokuba neendleko eziphezulu zokulungisa nokulungisa, nto leyo ebeka umqobo omkhulu ekungeneni kwamafama amancinci. |
Amathuba emarike kunye nezoyikiso
| Amathuba emarike | Izisongelo zemarike |
| Oorhulumente baseMzantsi-mpuma Asia basebenzela ukwandisa izivuno zabo zezityalo ngokuphucula ukufikelela kwamafama abo koomatshini abanobuchule ngakumbi—njengo dibanisa abavuni. | Iimeko zemozulu ezimaxongo, ezifana nembalela nezikhukula, zenza kube nzima ukugcina oomatshini abakhulu bezolimo ngaphandle kotyalo-mali olukhulu kwiziseko ezingundoqo nokugcinwa kwazo. |
| Ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi kuqhuba imfuno yezisombululo ezizenzekelayo ezinokunceda amafama ukuba anyuse imveliso ngaphandle kokuqesha abasebenzi abaninzi. | Oorhulumente baseMzantsi-mpuma Asia basebenzela ukudala icandelo lezolimo elizixhasayo ngokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka ekuthengeni impahla evela eTshayina nakwamanye amazwe. |
| IiTrekta kwaye oomatshini abasebenza ngengca kulindeleke ukuba zibekwimfuno ephezulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo kunye nokuqina kwazo, njengoko zinokusetyenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yezolimo. | Amafama akuMzantsi-mpuma Asia adla ngokuba nemivuzo ephantsi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba asenokungakwazi ukuthenga izixhobo ezitsha okanye alungise iindawo zoomatshini bokulima abakhoyo. |
Amazwe ama-4 akhokela imarike yoomatshini bezolimo
Njengoko sele sibonile, imarike yezixhobo zezolimo kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia iyaguquguquka kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa yintoni imeko yangoku yale marike kwilizwe ngalinye? Ngethamsanqa, eli candelo liza kujonga ngakumbi kumazwe amane ngokukodwa: iVietnam, iThailand, iiPhilippines, neIndonesia.
Vietnam
Ngoqikelelo I-CAGR ye-11.5% phakathi kwe-2022 kunye ne-2025, imarike yoomatshini bezolimo eVietnam kulindeleke ukuba ibhalise ukukhula olomeleleyo kule minyaka mihlanu izayo. IVietnam inabemi abaphantse babe yi-98 yezigidi zabantu kunye ne-GDP ye I-USD 362.64 yezigidigidi ngokwedatha esemthethweni evela kwibhanki yehlabathi. Eli lizwe likhaya kumhlaba ochumileyo wezolimo, kugxininiswa ngakumbi ekulinyweni kommoba, irabha yendalo, umqhaphu nerayisi.
Amafama aseVietnam axhomekeke kakhulu kwiitrektara njengezona zixhobo ziphambili kwezolimo. Ngokwengxelo kaMordor Intelligence, iitrektara ziphendula phantse isiqingatha kuzo zonke iintengiso koomatshini bezolimo eVietnam, kunye neentlobo ezi-2 eziphambili: amavili amane kwaye amavili amabini. Ezi trektara zisetyenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yezolimo, kuquka ukuhlakula, ukucheba, ukuthuthwa, kunye nokulayisha. iitrektara ze-4WD babe nokutsaleka okungcono, okubavumela ukuba baphathe umhlaba onodaka okanye onesanti ngokulula ngakumbi. Kwelinye icala, iitrektara ze-2WD zisebenza ngeasi enye, nto leyo ezenza kube lula ukuhamba kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
Kodwa njengoko iVietnam isiya ikhula ngokukhula ezidolophini, amafama aya kunyanzeleka ukuba afune iindlela zokonyusa imveliso yawo ngabasebenzi abambalwa abafumanekayo abanabo. Baya kuphendukela ku ukulima ngobuchule iiteknoloji ezifana iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ezizenzekelayo kunye nezixhobo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezinokuqhutywa kude. Umzekelo, iidrones zezolimo inokucwangciswa ukuba ibhabha phezu kwamabala kunye nezivamvo eziqokelela idatha malunga neemeko zomphezulu womhlaba kwaye zibone impilo yezityalo. Olu lwazi lunokuthi ke ludityaniswe nolwazi lwemozulu oluqokelelwa ziisathelayithi ukuze kuphuculwe iishedyuli zokunkcenkceshela kwaye kubonwe xa izityalo zifuna amanzi amaninzi nangaphantsi.
Thayilendi
Ishishini lezolimo laseThailand, kunye namahlathi kunye nokuloba, yenza i-8.5% yeGDP yelizwe, njengoko ingowona mthombo wengeniso I-34% yabemi. Ngenxalenye enkulu kangaka yabemi abaxhomekeke kwezolimo kunye nemisebenzi yezityalo njengomthombo wabo oyintloko wengeniso, ayimangalisi into yokuba benendawo yokulima eyohlukeneyo. Ngokwenyani, ilizwe elikumbindi wePeninsula ye-Indochinese likhaya leehektare ezilinywayo ezizigidi ezingama-20.4, kunye ne-50% yalo mhlaba isetyenziselwa irayisi yodwa.
Ukuxhomekeka kwelizwe ekulinyweni kwerayisi kunokwenzeka ukuba kunyuse imfuno yezithole kunye nezixhobo zokutyala. Oomatshini bokugalela izithole semi-automatic ngumzekelo wabo matshini basefama. Bakhetha imbewu yemifuno kwimigqomo yokugcina ngokusekelwe kubukhulu kunye nokumila. Emva koko, imbewu ekhethiweyo iphonswa kwityhubhu yomngxuma kwaye ibekwe phezu kwebhedi yomhlaba apho iya kuntshula. Le nkqubo inceda amafama ukuba akhulise ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye anciphise iimpazamo zokutyala.
Icandelo lezolimo laseThailand alikho nje koomatshini bezithole. Ngapha koko, ilizwe elalisaziwa ngokuba yiSiam ngokwembali liphawulwa ngokusetyenziswa kweetrektara kunye noomatshini. dibanisa abavuni. Imarike yetrektara kulindeleke ukuba ibhalise i-CAGR ye-3.2% phakathi kuka-2022 kunye no-2025, kunye neetrekta ezinamavili amabini kunye namavili amane igalelo le-23% kunye ne-77% ngokulandelelanayo. Imarike yokuvuna edibanisayo, kwelinye icala, kulindeleke ukuba ikhule kwi- I-CAGR ye-6.6% phakathi kuka-2022 kunye no-2025. Oku kuninzi komatshini kungenxa yokuguga kwabantu basemaphandleni, njengoko abantu abatsha bengasenamdla kwimisebenzi yokulima.
Iiphilippines
IiPhilippines zineziqithi ezingaphezu kwama-7,000 XNUMX yaye zilikhaya lezityalo ezahlukeneyo namahlathi amakhulu. Ngaloo ndlela, inayo inani lesihlanu ngobukhulu yeentlobo zezityalo ehlabathini. Le ntaphane yeentyatyambo yenza iiPhilippines ibe yindawo eshushu yoomatshini bezolimo. Enyanisweni, imarike yezixhobo zolimo yelizwe kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele USD 400 yezigidi ngo-2023. Oku kubonisa izinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiweyo le-12.3% ngexesha lika-2021-2023.
Ukongeza, umhlaba onkcenkceshelwayo kwiiPhilippines kuqikelelwa ukuba uza kwanda ukuya kuthi ga Iihektare ezizigidi ezili-1.80 Ngo-2023. Ngenxa yoko, uluntu lwasemaphandleni luya kuqalisa ukusebenzisa iindlela zale mihla zokunkcenkceshela ezifana nokunkcenkceshela ngedrip okanye. iifafaza. Iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ngamathontsi ziquka imingxuma emincinci egrunjiweyo kwimibhobho ehamba ngaphantsi komhlaba; zivumela izityalo ukuba zikhule zisondelelane ngelixa zifumana izixa ezaneleyo zamanzi.
Ekuphela kosoyikiso kolu shishino lukhulayo luluhlu lwamaxabiso kunye nerhafu kwizixhobo zasefama ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle, njengoko urhulumente ethatha iinzame ezinzulu zokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemveliso yalapha ekhaya. Ukongeza, kukho imiqobo yenkcubeko ethintela amanye amafama ekubeni asebenzise ubugcisa obutsha, njengoko abantu abaninzi bakwiiPhilippines besakholelwa ukuba ukusebenza kwezandla kusebenza ngakumbi kunoomatshini kuba kutshiphu kwaye akufuni naluphi na uhlobo loqeqesho.
Indoneshiya
I-Indonesia inelinye lawona macandelo ezolimo anamandla kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Ngokwengqokelela yezalathisi zophuhliso kwiBhanki yeHlabathi, ishishini lezolimo laseThailand libalelwa kwi-14% yeGDP yalo kwaye liyaqesha. ngaphezulu kwe 27% yabasebenzi bayo. Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente wase-Indonesia ubeke bucala i-USD 538 yezigidi ukuphuhlisa oomatshini bezolimo kweli lizwe, nto leyo eya kudala amathuba kubathengisi kunye nabavelisi ababonelela ngamacandelo kunye nezixhobo.
Ngokumalunga neentlobo zezixhobo zefama, ukusetyenziswa kwe dibanisa abavuni kulindeleke ukuba ithathe indawo yokutshintshwa kwerayisi eqhutywa kukwanda kwemfuno yezityalo zokutya ezinjengombona kunye nengqolowa. Kodwa ukufuna Iitrektara ezinevili iya kuqhubeka nokunyuka eSumatra naseKalimantan ngenxa yobukhulu beefama kule mimandla. Kuba iitrektara zezandla, ezisetyenziselwa ukulima umhlaba kunye nokuvuna izityalo kwiifama ezincinci, ummandla weJava uya kuqhubeka uyindawo enemfuno ephezulu kunye ne-CAGR ye-5.0% ngokubhekiselele kwingeniso.
Ukongeza kubavuni kunye ne iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetrektara zasefama, Abanini abancinci baseIndonesia banokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kwe idiskhi ikhuba, njengoko ziluncedo kumasimi omileyo namanzi. Kumasimi omileyo, zingasetyenziselwa ukuqhekeza umhlaba oqinileyo phambi kokutyala imbewu okanye ukusasaza izityalo emhlabeni. Kwimihlaba emanzi, zinokunceda ukukhulula ukuxinana komhlaba ukuvumela ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokunciphisa ukuqukuqela kwamanzi ngexesha leemvula ezinkulu.
Imeko yokhuphiswano kwimarike yoomatshini bezolimo
Imarike yoomatshini bezolimo eMzantsi-mpuma Asia ilawulwa ziibrendi ezintathu ezaziwayo: John Deere, Kubota, kunye neCNH Industrials. Aba benzi bezixhobo zasefama balawula ngaphezulu kwe 70% yazo zonke iintengiso kulo mmandla. Oku kongamela kungenxa yokuqondwa kophawu lwabo olomeleleyo kunye nothungelwano lwabo olubanzi lwabathengisi bokusasaza kulo lonke ummandla.
Oku kudityaniswa kwenza kube nzima kubadlali abancinci ukuba bakhuphisane, kodwa la mazwe mane achazwe ngasentla aneemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhula ngenxa yokwahluka kwabantu, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, imozulu yezopolitiko, kunye neemeko zoqoqosho ngokubanzi. Ukwazi ukuba ilizwe ngalinye limi phi kuya kuvumela amashishini ukuba enze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokuba zeziphi na izixhobo zasefama ekufuneka ziphakanyiswe. Jonga i iindlela koomatshini bezolimo ngo-2022 ukuhlala uphambi kwezinto ezintsha ezintsha kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji!
