uluhlu lwamagama

Umthwalo ogcweleyo wesikhongozeli (FCL) ligama lothutho lwaselwandle xa umthuthi wenqanawa ehambisa imithwalo ehlala ngokupheleleyo kwisikhongozeli.

Ngaphantsi komthwalo we-Container (LCL) yimpahla encinci enganelanga kumthwalo ogcweleyo wesikhongozeli (i-FCL) kodwa idityaniswe nezinye ii-LCL zokuthumela kwisikhongozeli esinye.

Iqela elazisayo ngumntu odweliswe kwiBhili yokuLading okanye kwi-Air Waybill kwaye uya kwaziswa xa imithwalo ifika kwindawo yayo.

I-master bill of lading (MBL) yitayitile yoxwebhu esebenza njengerisithi yokudluliselwa ekhutshelwe iinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa ngumthwali wazo.

Umthumeli ngumamkeli weempahla ezithuthiweyo apho ubunini bomthwalo buya kwabelwa kuye xa sele ususiwe kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo.

Ukunikezelwa kwindawo (DAP) yi-incoterm apho umthengisi athatha yonke imingcipheko kude kube kwindawo yokukhuphela kwindawo ekuvunyelwene ngayo.

Ukuhanjiswa kwindawo engalayishwanga (i-DPU) yi-incoterm efuna ukuba umthengisi ahambise iimpahla kwindawo ethile emva kokuba zikhutshiwe.

I-EXW (Ex Works) yi-incoterm yokuba umthengi uqokelela iimpahla kwindawo echongiweyo yomthengisi, kwaye uthwala zonke iindleko kunye neengozi ukuya kwindawo.

Inqanawa yasimahla esecaleni kwenqanawa (i-FAS) yi-incoterm apho umthengisi ahambisa imithwalo, acoca impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kwaye ayibeke ecaleni kwenqanawa kwizibuko elinegama.

I-Free Board (FOB) yi-incoterm echaza xa umthengisi kunye nomthengi bethatha iindleko ezifanelekileyo, izibophelelo kunye nemingcipheko yomthwalo ekuhanjisweni.

Iindleko kunye noThutho (CFR) yi-incoterm apho umthengisi ahlawulela iindleko zokuhanjiswa kwizibuko eligama lingu, imvume yokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye nokulayishwa kwenqanawa.

Iindleko, i-Inshurensi, iFreight (CIF) yi-incoterm efuna umthengisi ahambise iimpahla, acacise ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle, kwaye abonelele ubuncinci be-inshurensi.

I-Free Carrier (i-FCA) yi-incoterm efuna umthengisi ukuba asuse ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwaye ahambise iimpahla kwindawo egama layo ukuze idluliselwe kumthwali.

UkuFayilwa koKhuseleko lwaBangaphandle (ISF) yimfuneko yokufayilisha ye-US Customs kunye noKhuseleko lweBorder (CBP) kuzo zonke iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezithunyelwa e-US.