Zonke izithuthi zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo. Ukukhonza isithuthi kunye nokutshintsha amacandelo abalulekileyo kuya kuthintela ukubola kunye nokukrazula, kunye neengozi okanye umonakalo omkhulu kwisithuthi. Ukutshintsha la malungu akudla ngokuba yindleko eninzi kakhulu, kodwa ukuba akuhoywa, kunokuvela imiba ebaluleke ngakumbi, enokukhokelela kumatyala aphezulu kakhulu xa utyelela umkhandi okanye ivenkile yokulungisa iimoto.
Ukwazi ukuba zeziphi izinto zesithuthi ekufuneka zitshintshwe kunye nexesha lokuzitshintsha kuya kwandisa ubomi bemoto kwaye kuqinisekise ukhuseleko olungcono endleleni. Amacandelo angama-20 emoto abalulekileyo ekufuneka athathelwe indawo adweliswe ngezantsi.
Isiqulatho
Ngawaphi amacandelo esithuthi ayimfuneko ekufuneka atshintshwe?
Kufuneka uzibuyisele nini izinto ezibalulekileyo zesithuthi?
isiphelo
Ngawaphi amacandelo esithuthi ayimfuneko ekufuneka atshintshwe?
Ezinye iindawo zemoto kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo kunezinye. Ukwenza lula, olu luhlu lwahlula awona macandelo abalulekileyo aguqukayo ekufuneka uwaqaphele ngokweendidi. Okokuqala, sidwelisa ezo zifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo, kwaye emva koko, sahlula ezinye ngokodidi lwazo kunye nokusebenza kwazo, njengokuthi ingaba yeyokunqunyanyiswa okanye i-braking systems yezithuthi.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa rhoqo
#1. Isihluzo se-oyile kunye ne-oyile ye-injini
Ukutshintsha i-oyile ye-injini kunye ne Icebo lokucoca ulwelo oyile mhlawumbi yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zolondolozo lwemoto. Olu tshintsho lwe-oyile luvumela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini (inxalenye yemoto KAKHULU ebiza kakhulu ukuyibuyisela xa ithe yaphuka) kwaye ibalulekile kulondolozo lwesithuthi. Guqula i-oyile ye-injini kanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye emva kweemayile ezingama-5,000 ukuya kwezi-8,000, nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala. Guqula isihluzo se-oyile kanye ngonyaka okanye emva kwe-12,000 ukuya kwi-15,000 yeemayile, nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala.
#2. Injini yokucoca umoya
The Isihluzi somoya yenye indawo auto ekhusela injini ekubeni ihluza ngaphandle uthuli kunye nobutyobo ezinokuvala amacandelo enjini, kuquka iivalvu, pistons, kunye neendonga cylinder. Ukungaphumeleli ukutshintsha isihluzo somoya kunokubangela ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwe-oyile, ukusebenza kakubi kunye nokusilela kwe-injini. Izihluzi zomoya kufuneka zitshintshwe kube kanye ngonyaka okanye emva kwe-12,000 ukuya kwi-15,000 yeemayile, nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala. Kuqhelekile ukutshintsha i-injini yokucoca umoya, isihluzo se-oyile, kunye ne-oyile ye-injini ngaxeshanye ngexesha lenkonzo yonyaka.
#3. Isihluzo somoya sekhabhathi
enye Isihluzi somoya efuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo yi-cabin air filter, njengoko oku kusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba isithuthi sinokusebenza kakuhle Inkqubo ye-HVAC kwaye kunciphisa amavumba ahlala kwi-cabin. Buyisela indawo yesihluzi somoya kwikhabhinethi rhoqo nge-15,000 ukuya kwi-30,000 yeemayile.
Amalungu okutshintshwa rhoqo aqhelekileyo
#4. Impompo yamanzi
The impompo yamanzi yemoto iqinisekisa ukuba i-injini ihlala ipholile njengoko ityhala into epholileyo ukusuka kwiradiyetha ukuya kwi-injini, ize iphinde ibuyele kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa. Ngaphandle kwempompo yamanzi esebenzayo, i-injini yesithuthi inokutshisa ngokulula. Faka endaweni ye empompo yamanzi rhoqo kuma-60,000 ukuya kwi-100,000 yeemayile. Ngenxa yendawo yayo kunye nenyaniso yokuba ukutshintshwa kwayo ngumsebenzi omkhulu, kucetyiswa ukuba ibhanti lexesha litshintshwe ngexesha elifanayo nokutshintshwa kompompo wamanzi.
#5. Ibhanti lexesha (okanye i-cambelt)
The ibhanti yexesha or uchungechunge lwexesha idibanisa i-camshaft kunye ne-crankshaft rotation ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo kweepiston ze-injini kunye neevalvu. Ukuba ibhanti lexesha liyaphuka, iyonke injini inokonakala kwaye inokufuna ukutshintshwa. Faka endaweni yempompo yamanzi rhoqo kwiimayile ezingama-60,000 ukuya kwi-100,000.
#6. Qhuba ibhanti
Ibhanti yokuqhuba, okanye ibhanti yenyoka, ingundoqo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-injini yemoto kuba iqhuba amandla kwi-alternator, impompo yokulawula amandla, i-AC, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwimpompo yamanzi. Ibhanti yokuqhuba, njengebhanti elide lerabha, linokuthi liqhekeke okanye ligqithise, elinokuthetha ukunciphisa ukulawulwa kunye nokushisa. Buyisela ibhanti lokuqhuba rhoqo kwi-60,000 ukuya kwi-100,000 yeemayile.
#7. Ii-wiper blades
Iincakuba zeWiper qinisekisa ifestile ecocekileyo necacileyo kunye nefestile engasemva ukuze uqhube ngokukhuselekileyo — ngakumbi ngamaxesha emvula enkulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-wiper blades zesithuthi zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kucetyiswa ukuba ezi zitshintshwe rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezili-12.
#8. Amatayara
Amatayara emoto ziyinxalenye yemoto ebaluleke kakhulu kuba ziqinisekisa ukuba isithuthi sinamathela endleleni kwaye asityibiliki kwintlitheko. Amazwe amaninzi anemithetho engqongqo yokuba ivili lifanele libe nzulu kangakanani na ukuze isithuthi sibe semthethweni ezindleleni. Tshintsha amatayara emoto rhoqo kwiminyaka emithandathu yeemayile ezingama-36,000 ukuya kuma-75,000 (kuxhomekeke ekunyatheleni). Amatayara akufuneki asetyenziswe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa kwenkqubo ye-Braking
#9. Iiphedi zeBrake kunye neediski (okanye iirotors)
Iziqhoboshi, ngokucacileyo, yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zemoto. Iibrake pads kwaye Iidiski zokwenza i-brake (ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-rotors) zigugile ngalo lonke ixesha iibhuleki zisetyenziswa, kwaye ekugqibeleni, kuya kubakho isandi sokukrazula kwentsimbi xa isithuthi sigqabhuka. Tshintsha iipake pads rhoqo nge-10,000 ukuya kwi-20,000 yeemayile kwaye ubuyisele iidiski zeebrake rhoqo kwiimayile ezingama-50,000 ukuya kwezingama-80,000. Njengomgaqo jikelele, abavelisi badla ngokucebisa ukuba batshintshe zombini ngexesha elinye ukwenzela ukhuseleko olungcono.
#10. Abenzi boluvo besantya sevili
Abenzi boluvo besantya sevili, ezibekwe kwiibheringi zamavili okanye ii-driveshafts, zihlala ziboniswa kwizinto kwaye ngenxa yoko, zinokuba ngumhlwa ngokulula. Izivamvo zamavili ezonakeleyo zinokukhokelela kulawulo oluncitshisiweyo lokutsaleka, ulawulo lozinzo, okanye nayiphi na enye into yokuncedisa umqhubi. Buyisela izivamvo zesantya sevili rhoqo emva kweemayile ezingama-30,000 ukuya kuma-50,000.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa kwenkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa
#11. Iikhonkco zokuzinzisa
Iikhonkco zokuzinzisa zezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo zenkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa ukusilela xa isithuthi sihlala siqhuba kumhlaba ongalinganiyo. Le ndawo yemoto kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo kwiikhilomitha ezingama-60,000 ukuya kwi-100,000 okanye emva kweminyaka emihlanu (inokuba lixesha elide kakhulu ukuba indawo eqhelekileyo yokuqhuba ilinganayo).
#12. Amalungu ebhola
Amalungu ebhola yinxalenye ye-auto eqinisekisa iintshukumo ezigudileyo xa uqhuba. La malungu afika eqatywe itywina, enqanda ubumdaka namanzi ukuba angangeni kwindawo kwaye abambe intshukumo yevili. Amalungu ebhola afuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwiimayile ezingama-70,000 ukuya kwi-150,000 ukuqinisekisa ukuba itywina alomile okanye laqhekeka.
#13. Lawula iingalo zengalo
Lawula iingalo zengalo ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo ngolungelelwaniso lwamatayara, okuchaphazela ulawulo umqhubi analo phezu kwesithuthi xa eqhuba. Kubalulekile ukutshintsha la mahlahla rhoqo ngeemayile ezili-100,000 okanye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwesixhenxe, nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala.
#14. Izinto zokufunxa umothuko (zothuso)
Zothuswa kukuntywila kufunxa umothuko womhlaba ongalinganiyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle. Ukwenza oku, zithanjiswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwexesha elithile, itywina kwi-absorber yokothuka inokuqhekeka kwaye iqale ukukhupha ioyile equlethwe ngaphakathi. Ukuba isithambiso sothuso asinaso isithambiso, asikwazi ukushukuma ukufunxa umothuko. Faka endaweni yezothuso rhoqo ngeemayile ezingama-50,000 ukuya kwi-100,000.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa kwenkqubo yokulawula
#15. Izibonda zokubopha zangaphakathi kunye neziphelo zeqhina
Izibonda zokubopha zisebenza ngendlela efanayo kumalungu ebhola, ngaphandle kokuba zivumela ukunyakaza okuthe tye ngokuchasene nokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo. Ngokukwanjalo ke, iintonga zokubopha zinokuba ngumhlwa okanye zome izitywina zazo, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka zitshintshwe. Ukubopha iintonga kunye ukubopha intonga eziphelweni kufuneka zitshekishwe qho kwiimayile ezingama-15,000 okanye kunjalo, kodwa zinokuhamba iminyaka ngaphandle kokufuna ukutshintshwa ukuba nje isithuthi singaxhomekeke kuninzi lokuqhuba ngaphandle kwendlela.
#16. Ulwelo lokuqhuba
Ulwelo lokuqhuba ngamandla okanye i-oyile iqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle nokuthembekileyo kwesithuthi. Xa ulwelo lokuqhuba lusezantsi, umoya unokungena kwisixhobo sokuqhuba, nto leyo eyenza ingxolo engaqhelekanga yenze kube nzima ukuyiqhuba. Qinisekisa ukuba utshintsha i-oyile yokuqhuba isithuthi rhoqo kwiikhilomitha ezingama-40,000 ukuya kwezingama-80,000 okanye emva kweminyaka emibini, nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa kwenkqubo yokutshisa
#17. Iiplagi zentlantsi
Yathuma iiplagi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluninzi ngexesha ngalinye isithuthi siqaliswa kuba banoxanduva lokuvusa uqhushumbo oluxuba umoya kunye namafutha ukuqhubela phambili isithuthi phambili. Ubhedu kunye ne-nickel osinike Imigudu kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo 30,000 ukuya 50,000 yeemayile. Iiplagi zeplatinum kunye ne-iridium spark zomelele ngakumbi kwaye kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo kwiimayile ezingama-60,000 ukuya kweziyi-150,000.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa kwenkqubo yolawulo lwenjini
#18. O2 abenzi boluvo
Izixhobo ze-O2 lawula kwaye ulungelelanise inqanaba lomoya kunye namafutha angena enjini. Ngaloo ndlela, ziphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu kwaye kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zitshintshwe rhoqo ukuphepha ukonakalisa isiguquli se-catalytic kunye nenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa kokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha. Izinzwa ze-O2 kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo kwi-60,000 ukuya kwi-90,000 yeemayile.
Amacandelo okutshintshwa kwenkqubo yokutshaja
#19. Ibhetri
Ngaphandle kwempilo ibhetri yemoto, isithuthi asiyi kukwazi ukuqalisa. Iibhetri ziba buthathaka ngokuhamba kwexesha kodwa zenziwa mandundu yimozulu ebandayo okanye ukukhutshwa rhoqo. Ibhetri yemoto kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka emine ukuya kwemihlanu.
#20. iAlternator
An yombane isebenza ngokubambisana ne-injini kunye nebhetri kwaye yinxalenye enkulu yenkqubo yokutshaja isithuthi. I-alternator ixhomekeke kumaqondo aphezulu kwaye ibhanti layo libaleka ngokukhawuleza kathathu kune-injini, oku kuthetha ukuba isebenza nzima kakhulu. I-alternator kufuneka ke ngoko ihlolwe kanye ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza ngendlela eyiyo. Khumbula kwakhona ukuba ibhetri ekwimpilo enkenenkene iya kuba nefuthe elibi kwi-alternator nangenye indlela. Faka enye endaweni ye-alternator rhoqo nge-80,000 ukuya kwi-150,000 yeemayile okanye rhoqo emva kweminyaka esixhenxe ukuya kweyi-10, nokuba yeyiphi eza kuqala.
Kufuneka uzibuyisele nini izinto ezibalulekileyo zesithuthi?
Kubalulekile ukugcina rhoqo isithuthi ngasinye, ukusithathela inkonzo rhoqo kunye nokutshintsha amacandelo abalulekileyo xa kuyimfuneko. Amanye ala macandelo aya kufuna ukujongwa kwaye atshintshe rhoqo kunamanye. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukumamela iimpawu zokuguga okanye umonakalo - ukutshintsha amaxesha kula malungu e-auto kukucebisa kuphela, kwaye anokuhlala ixesha elingaphantsi okanye elingaphezulu.
Ngokugcina isithuthi sisemgangathweni rhoqo, ubomi baso bunokwandiswa, yaye oku kunokukhusela nobomi bomqhubi nabakhweli bakhe. Izithuthi ngoomatshini abathi, ngaphandle kokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, banokubiza kakhulu okanye bade babulale. Qinisekisa ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kwaye ugweme nayiphi na imiba ngokuthatha izithuthi zakho ngenkonzo epheleleyo (ngeoyile kunye neenguqu zokucoca kanye ngonyaka) kunye nokuba nengcali eqinisekisiweyo yokuhlola isithuthi siphela rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka. Ukongezelela, gcina indlebe, impumlo, neliso elibukhali ukuze ukhangele naziphi na izandi, ivumba, okanye iimpawu ezingafunekiyo, yaye ukuba ubona nantoni na ekrokrisayo, thabatha isithuthi uye ngqo kwindawo yokulungisa.
isiphelo
Ngokukhumbula olu luhlu lubanzi lweendawo eziphezulu ze-20 zeemoto ezifuna ukutshintshwa, abanikazi bezithuthi baya kukwazi kakuhle ukugcina izithuthi zabo ukuze ziqhube ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye zithembeke ngakumbi.
Ukutshintsha amacandelo emoto akufuneki kubize kakhulu, okoko nje kwenziwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Iindawo ezininzi zemoto nazo zinokufumaneka Cooig.com ngeendleko ezithotyiweyo - khumbula nje ukujonga iinkcukacha kunye nezatifikethi zokulawula umgangatho.
