Njengoko icandelo lemveliso lisanda, iinqwelo zokusila ezishushu ziyafuneka kwiifektri ezahlukeneyo ukuqengqeleka iintsimbi ezishushu ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuqengqeleka kwentsimbi eshushu yinkqubo apho isinyithi sifudunyezwa ngaphaya kobushushu bokuhlaziya kwakhona ukonakala ngokweplastiki. I-deformation ivumela isinyithi ukuba sifakwe kwiimilo ezifunwayo kunye nobukhulu.
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zokusila ezishushu ezisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Esi sikhokelo siya kunceda amashishini ukuba akhethe amashishini afanelekileyo okuqengqeleka ashushu kwiimfuno zabathengi bawo.
Isiqulatho
Isishwankathelo semalike yokusila eshushu
Iindidi zokusila ezishushu
Indlela yokukhetha ilitye lokusila elishushu
isiphelo
Isishwankathelo semalike yokusila eshushu
Imarike yokusila yehlabathi iqikelelwa ukuba iza kukhula ngesantya esihlanganisiweyo sonyaka sokukhula (CAGR) se-3.7% kule minyaka isixhenxe izayo.
Ukukhula kwemarike yokusila kuqhutywa kukunyuka kwemfuno yeemveliso zentsimbi kumacandelo amandla, ezemoto, kunye nolwakhiwo.
Imarike yokusila yahlulwe ngokwenkqubo, uhlobo lomatshini, ukusetyenziswa kokuphela, kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ekugqibeleni, imakethi ihlelwa ngokwemveliso jikelele, ukhuselo, amandla, ulwakhiwo, iimoto kunye nothutho.
UMntla Melika ngowona mkhulu imarike yokusila eshushu ngenxa yokuxinana okuphezulu kwezityalo zokwenza intsimbi. I-Indiya ne-China nazo zijongene nemfuno eyongeziweyo yeentsimbi zokungqusha.
Iindidi zokusila ezishushu
Izingqusho ezimbini eziphakamileyo
Olu lolona hlobo lulula ilitye lokusila elishushu. Iqulathe iirola ezimbini ezijikelezayo kwicala elichaseneyo.
Izinto eziza kuqengqeleka zondliwa phakathi kwe izileyi, efaka uxinzelelo lokuguqula kunye nokubumba izinto eziphathekayo. Ulwalathiso lokujikeleza kwemiqulu alukwazi ukulungiswa okanye ukuguqulwa; kungoko umsebenzi kufuneka ufakwe kwimiqulu ukusuka kwicala kuphela.
Amatye okungqusha amathathu aphezulu
Ezintathuilitye lokusila eliphezulu ineerola ezintathu, kunye nerola enye ibekwe ngaphezulu kwezinye ezimbini.
Izinto eziphathekayo zondliwa phakathi kwe-roller ephezulu kunye ne-roller ezimbini ezisezantsi, ezifaka uxinzelelo lokubumba kunye nokuguqula izinto eziphathekayo.
Inzuzo ephambili ye-roller ephezulu emithathu zixhobo kukuba izinto zokusebenza zinokondliwa kwicala elinye phakathi kwemiqulu yokuqala neyesibini.
Izingqusho ezine eziphakamileyo
Izingqusho ezine eziphakamileyo luhlobo lwe-rolling mill esebenzisa imiqulu emine ukunciphisa ubukhulu bentsimbi okanye ishidi.
Imiqulu ekwi-four-high-high-rolling mill ihlelwe ngendlela ephindwe kabini, kunye nesibini ngasinye sisebenza ngendlela echaseneyo.
Imiqulu ephezulu kunye nesezantsi kwi-four-high rolling mill kunemiqulu emibini ephakathi ebekwe phakathi kwayo. Ubungakanani obukhulu bemiqulu ephezulu kunye nesezantsi ivumela uxinzelelo olukhulu ukuba lusetyenziswe kwi-workpiece, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni okuphawulekayo kobunzima.
Izixhobo zokungqusha zeCluster
Ii-Cluster rolling Mills zineeperi ezininzi zemiqulu ecwangciswe kwi-cluster, iperi nganye yemiqulu esebenza ngokulandelelana.
Imiqulu kwiqela ilitye lokusila zicwangciswe ngokwepateni ethile, ngokuqhelekileyo kwimo yedayimani okanye iqoqo lemiqulu emine okanye ngaphezulu. I-workpiece idlula embindini weqela kwaye ixhomekeke ekunciphiseni ezininzi kwi-thickness njengoko idlula kwisethi nganye yemiqulu.
Olu luyilo luvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunye noluhlu olubanzi lobungakanani bemveliso. Ii-Cluster rolling Mills zivelisa umgangatho ophezulu, iimveliso ezichanekileyo ezinje ngeendawo zemoto, iibheringi, kunye nezixhobo ze-aerospace.
I-Tandem rolling mills
Izingqusho ezininzi zilungelelaniswe ngokoluhlu lokungqusha oluyitandem, nganye isenza umsebenzi othile.
Isixhobo sidlula kwisitendi ngasinye ngokulandelelana, kunye nesitendi ngasinye sinegalelo kubume bokugqibela kunye nobukhulu bemveliso.
I-Tandem rolling mill inokufikelela kunciphiso oluphezulu kubunzima kune-single-stand mill kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso.
Ilitye lokusila iSteckel
Umatshini wokungqusha weSteckel lilitye lokungqusha elisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iikhoyili zentsimbi ezirolwe ngokuphezulu. Ithiywe ngegama lomqambi wayo, u-Edward Steckel, onelungelo elilodwa lomenzi woyilo ngo-1923.
I-Steckel mill idibanisa i-reversible rolling mill kunye ne-caster eqhubekayo. Kwi-rolling mill yendabuko, i-slab yensimbi iqhutywe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukunciphisa ubukhulu bayo kwaye ibumbe kwikhoyili okanye ishidi. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-Steckel mill, intsimbi iphonswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-strip eshushu, emva koko iqengqeleke ngoluhlu lweendawo zokumisa ukuze kufezekiswe ubukhulu obufunwayo kunye nokumila.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili ze-Steckel mill kukukwazi ukuvelisa umgangatho ophezulu, iimveliso zetsimbi eziphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi kunye nobubanzi obuninzi kunye nobubanzi.
Indlela yokukhetha ilitye lokusila elishushu
Ukukhetha ifayile ye- ilitye lokusila elishushu ifuna uqwalaselo ngononophelo lwemiba emininzi, kuquka uhlobo kunye nobukhulu bezinto eziza kuqengqeleka, iinkcukacha ezifunekayo zemveliso, kunye nomthamo wemveliso.
Nantsi eminye imiba ephambili ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha ilitye lokusila elishushu:
Uhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobukhulu
Cinga ngeempawu zezinto eziza kuqengqeleka, njengokubunjwa kwayo, ubukhulu kunye nobubanzi. Ezinye ii-mill zingalungela ngcono izinto ezithile okanye ubungakanani bemveliso kunabanye.
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Qinisekisa iinkcukacha ezinqwenelekayo zemveliso yokugqibela, njengobunzima, ububanzi, ukugqitywa komphezulu, kunye neempawu zomatshini. Khetha i-mill enokuthi ihlangabezane nale nkcazo ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuhambelana.
Umthamo wemveliso
Qwalasela umthamo ofunekayo wemveliso, njengoko ezinye ii-mill zikulungele kangcono ukuveliswa kwevolumu ephezulu kunezinye. Ukongezelela, qwalasela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhamba kwe-mill, kunye nokugcinwa kwayo kunye neemfuno zokunciphisa ixesha.
Iimfuno zemveliso zomthengi ngamnye ziyahluka, kwaye umthamo wemveliso okhethiweyo wezixhobo zokusila kufuneka zihambelane nezi mfuno.
Iindleko kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali
Gqiba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-mill, kwaye uthelekise iindleko zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana ixabiso elingcono lotyalo-mali. Umyinge wexabiso lelitye lokusila elishushu liqala kwi-US $ 60,000.
Lutyalo-mali olukhulu, kodwa imbuyekezo inokulixabisa ixabiso. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba ukhethe ilitye lokusila elihlangabezana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulindelekileyo lomthengi wakho.
Ubungcali bobugcisa kunye nenkxaso
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ubuchule bobugcisa kunye nenqanaba lenkxaso yomenzi wokusila okanye umthengisi. Khangela umthengisi onerekhodi eliqinileyo lomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kunye nokubonelela ngoqeqesho, inkxaso yobugcisa kunye neengxenye ezifunekayo.
Inkxaso emva kokuthengisa ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umxhasi wakho uyafikelela kubuchwephesha obufunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kweshishini.
isiphelo
Iinqwelo zokusila ezishushu zibalulekile kumashishini amaninzi ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kwimveliso, ukwakhiwa, ishishini leoli, kunye nokukhusela. Uqikelelo lweshishini lijongeka liqaqambile kwaye imfuno iya kuqhubeka isonyuka njengoko imimandla kwihlabathi liphela iqhubeka nokwandisa ukwenziwa kwayo kunye noshishino.
Amashishini akwicandelo loomatshini kufuneka athathele ingqalelo ukugcina kunye nokuthengisa ii-hot rolling Mills ukwenza imali kwimfuno eyongeziweyo. Ndwendwela Cooig.com kuluhlu lomgangatho ophezulu wokusila ashushu.
