1. Imeko yekhonkco lezoshishino
Ngophuhliso lweshishini lokukhanya laseTshayina kunye neshishini lelaphu, ishishini lomatshini wokuthunga lifumene ukukhula okukhawulezayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente waseTshayina uye wazisa ngokulandelelana imigaqo-nkqubo yokuxhasa uphuhliso olusempilweni lweshishini lomatshini wokuthunga. NgoJuni ka-2021, i-China Sewing Machinery Association yakhupha inkqubo yesalathiso sovavanyo kunye nesicwangciso sokuphunyezwa "kwimbaleki ekhokelayo" yovavanyo olusemgangathweni olawulwa yikhompyuter olawulwa ngesantya esiphezulu koomatshini bokuthunga abacaba ababhityileyo, abaphakathi, kunye namalaphu ashinyeneyo. Oku kujoliswe ekukhuthazeni ukuguqulwa kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lomatshini wokuthunga, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso jikelele yoshishino, ukukhawuleza ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo somshishini wokuthunga, kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuphiswano oluphilileyo phakathi kwamashishini omatshini wokuthunga. Ngokwembono yekhonkco lemizi-mveliso, ummandla ongasentla woshishino loomatshini bokuthunga ikakhulu ubandakanya abaxhasi becandelo elingundoqo kunye nababoneleli bemathiriyeli ekrwada abafana nentsimbi yehagu. Umsinga ophakathi ngabavelisi bezixhobo zoomatshini bokuthunga, ngelixa ishishini lempahla yamalaphu kunye nempahla lelona shishini lisezantsi. Ukongeza koku, amacandelo angaphantsi anje ngemithwalo, ufele, kunye nezinto zokudlala angabona bathengi basezantsi beemveliso zoomatshini bokuthunga.
2. Uhlalutyo oluphezulu
Intsimbi yehagu iqinile, ayigugi, kwaye inomsebenzi oncomekayo wokuphosa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona nto iphambili ekrwada koomatshini bokuthunga. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imveliso yentsimbi yehagu e-China iye yanda. Ukususela kwi-2017 ukuya kwi-2021, imveliso yentsimbi yehagu yaseChina inyuke ukusuka kwi-710.759 yezigidi zeetoni ukuya kwi-898.568 yezigidi zeetoni.
Iinjini zeServo zikwayinxalenye enkulu yoomatshini bokuthunga. Ukusukela ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2020, ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamashishini asezantsi afana neerobhothi zoshishino kunye nezixhobo zokwenza i-elektroniki, iindawo zokusetyenziswa kweshishini leemoto ze-servo zaseTshayina ziqhubekile nokukhula, kwaye ubungakanani bentengiso bugcine umkhwa wokukhula. Ngokwedatha, ngo-2019, ubungakanani bentengiso ye-servo motor yaseTshayina yafikelela kwi-14.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, ukonyuka konyaka ngonyaka nge-6.77%, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ikhule iye kwi-18.1 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2022.
3. Uhlalutyo oluphakathi
Ushishino lwamalaphu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho lwelizwe lase China. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini le-textile lase-China liphuhliswe kakuhle, liqhuba uphuhliso olunempilo lweshishini lomatshini wokuthunga. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ubungakanani beemarike koomatshini bokuthunga baseTshayina bafumana ukukhula okuqhumayo ngo-2021. Ubungakanani beemarike zoomatshini bokuthunga baseTshayina ngo-2021 bafikelela kwi-16.619 billion ye-RMB, ukunyuka kwe-6.123 yezigidigidi ze-RMB xa kuthelekiswa no-2020.
Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-China Sewing Machinery Association, ngo-2021, ingeniso yokusebenza yamashishini oomatshini bokuthunga baseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo yayiyi-37.197 billion ye-RMB, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-39.9%; iyonke inzuzo yamashishini oomatshini bokuthunga baseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo yayiyi-2.448 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka ngama-46.6%.
Ukuphuhlisa ikhonkco leshishini loomatshini bokuthunga sele likhulile, kwaye oomatshini bokuthunga ngundoqo kwishishini lempahla yamalaphu nempahla. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inani lamashishini oomatshini bokuthunga baseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo liye lahlala lizinzile ngokukhula okuncinci. Phakathi kwabo, inani lamashishini oomatshini bokuthunga baseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo yayingama-240 ngo-2021.
4. Uhlalutyo olusezantsi
Imfuno esezantsi yomatshini wokuthunga igxile ikakhulu kwimpahla, imithwalo nakwamanye amashishini. Ngokukhuthazwa okuqinileyo kwezinto ezintle ezifana nokubuyiswa kweemfuno zemarike yasekhaya kunye nezangaphandle kunye nokubuyiswa kwee-odolo zaphesheya, izinga lokukhula kwemveliso yemveliso yempahla yaseTshayina iye yazinza ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye umphumo ubuyele kwisikali ngaphambi kokuba ubhubhane. Ngo-2021, imveliso yeempahla ngamashishini aseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo yafikelela kwi-23.541 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni, ukwanda kweebhiliyoni ezi-1.168 ukusuka kwi-2020, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-5.22%. Ukujonga imveliso yeendidi eziphambili zeempahla eziye zaxhamla kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, ukuveliswa kweempahla ezinithiweyo kugcinwe ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokunyuka kwe-10.86% kunye nesantya sokukhula kwe-1.75% kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, ngelixa imveliso yempahla ephothiweyo yanda nge-4.85% ngonyaka kodwa yehla ngomyinge we-2.34% kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo.
Ngokuqhubeka nokuchacha kwemveliso yempahla yaseTshayina ngo-2021, intengiso yasekhaya iye yaphucuka ngokuthe chu, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwagcina ukukhula okukhawulezayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkampani kuye kwaphucuka ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye inzuzo inyuke kancinci. Kwi-2021, ingeniso yokusebenza yamashishini aseTshayina ngaphezu kobukhulu obutyunjiweyo kwishishini lempahla yafikelela kwi-1482.336 yezigidigidi ze-RMB, ukwanda kwe-112.61 yezigidigidi ze-RMB xa kuthelekiswa ne-2020, emele ukukhula konyaka-ngonyaka we-8.22%.
Ngokubhekiselele kwipatheni yoshishino lwemithwalo yaseTshayina, kukho i-polarization enzulu phakathi kwamanqanaba amabini oshishino. Iimpawu zasekhaya zithatha imarike ephakathi ukuya kwesezantsi, ngelixa iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zilawula iimveliso eziphezulu. Ngokuchasene nokuhla okuncinci kwemfuno, ukhuphiswano kwimarike yempahla yasekhaya ephakathi ukuya kwesezantsi kuye kwaqina, kwaye ukugxila kuyaqhubeka nokukhula. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukususela ngo-2021, kwakukho amashishini emithwalo ye-1,417 kuphela ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo e-China, ukuncipha kwe-181 xa kuthelekiswa no-2018.
Umthombo ovela Iqela loPhando lobuNgcali (chyxx.com)
