Ukukhetha umatshini wokucheba umbona ofanelekileyo kubalulekile kulo naliphi na ishishini elijongene nokulungisa umbona. Isenokuthetha umahluko phakathi kokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nenzuzo, kunye nexesha lokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ngokhetho oluninzi kwimarike, kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba ngowuphi umatshini olungele iimfuno zakho ezithile.
Kwesi sikhokelo, siza kuphonononga izinto ezahlukeneyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha umatshini wokucheba umbona kwaye sixoxe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini bokushela umbona abakhoyo emarikeni.
Isiqulatho
Ukukhula kwemarike yokugawula umbona
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa uthenga isheyi lombona
Iindidi ngeendidi zezikrweqe zombona
Umgca osezantsi
Ukukhula kwemarike yokugawula umbona
Imakethi yehlabathi yeeshell zombona kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngesantya sokukhula esihlanganisiweyo sonyaka (CAGR) ye Iipesenti ezilishumi nge-5.1, ukusuka kwixabiso eliqikelelweyo le-US$ 0.8 yezigidigidi ngo-2021. Ukukhula okukhulayo kwabasheki bombona kungenxa yokunyuka kwemfuno yombona njengesithako esibalulekileyo kwimixube yesondlo sezilwanyana. Enye into ebalelwa ekukhuleni kwemarike yeesheri zombona kukuphucuka kokusetyenzwa kwembewu ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zala maxesha. Oku ke, kuqinisekisa unikezelo lwembewu olukwizinga eliphezulu lokutyala kunye nokunciphisa umsebenzi.
Okokugqibela, ukwanda kombona ekuveliseni i-biofuels, ukukhula kwabemi, ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, kunye nokunyuka kwamanqanaba engeniso kuqhuba imfuno yombona njengomthombo wokutya, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo. Ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno, abavelisi baphucula amandla okuvelisa kunye nobuchwepheshe beeshell. Ummandla we-Asia-Pacific ulawula imarike ngoku ngenxa yemfuno ephezulu yombona kumazwe anje nge China neIndiya, abangabavelisi abakhulu kunye nabathengi bombona. Ukwanda kwabemi kunye nokunyuka kwamanqanaba emivuzo kula mazwe kuqhuba imfuno yombona njengesityalo sokutya, nto leyo eqhuba imfuno yoomatshini bokushela umbona.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa uthenga isheyi lombona
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo
Ukumisela ukuba yeyiphi imathiriyeli eyona ilungele isheyi lakho lombona, kufuneka ihlangabezane nale ngqwalasela imbalwa ilandelayo:
- Yomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba imelane nokuguga nokukrazuka kombona kunye nokugcina imfezeko yokwakheka kwawo ekuhambeni kwexesha.
- Iyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, ngoko ke ifuna ukulungiswa kancinci ekuhambeni kwexesha
- Izinto ezikhaphukhaphu ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kunye nokusetyenziswa.
- Kulula ukucoca ukugcina ucoceko kunye nococeko lwezixhobo.
- Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nemeko yokusebenza enzima. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba iza kusetyenziswa kwindawo emanzi, loo nto ifanele ikwazi ukumelana nomhlwa okanye umhlwa.
Ukuqwalaselwa koyilo
Uyilo yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa ukhetha isheyi lombona njengoko inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle, ukusebenziseka lula, kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwesixhobo. I-sheller eyilwe kakuhle kufuneka ibe:
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kunye nokugcina, kunye nemiyalelo ecacileyo kunye neelebhile.
- Vumela ukufikelela lula kwiindawo ezifuna ukucocwa kunye nokugcinwa.
- I-Ergonomic, ukwenzela ukuba i-sheller ikhululekile ukuyisebenzisa kwaye inciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala.
- Ikhuselekile, ukuphepha naziphi na iingozi.
Amandla kunye nomthamo womatshini
Amandla nomthamo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekumiseleni umatshini wokucheba umbona olungileyo. A umatshini onamandla ingakwazi ukugoba izixa ezikhulu zombona ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yorhwebo. Amandla omatshini anokumiselwa luhlobo lwemoto esetyenziswayo, enokhetho olusuka kumbane, igesi esebenza ngamandla, okanye iinjini zedizili. Umatshini onamandla uya kuba nesantya esiphezulu se-shelling, esinokunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kunye nokwandisa imveliso.
Umzekelo, umatshini onamandla okulinganisa i-1.5 kW unokuvelisa ukuya kwi-1000 kg yombona ngeyure, ngelixa umatshini onamandla okulinganisa i-2.5 kW unokuvelisa ukuya kwi-1500 kg yombona ngeyure. Oku kubonisa ukuba okukhona uphezulu umlinganiselo wamandla omatshini wokugoba umbona, kokukhona uya kukhawuleza kwaye usebenze ngokukuko ekuqobeni umbona.
Umatshini one-a umthamo ophezulu iya kukwazi ukuphatha umthamo omkhulu wombona, obalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yorhwebo. Umthamo umiselwa ubungakanani behopper, isantya somgqomo we-shelling, kunye nenani leepleyiti zeeshelling. Umatshini onomthamo ophezulu nawo uya kuba nehopper enkulu yokutya okunokwamkela umthamo omkhulu wombona, unciphisa isidingo sokuphinda ulayishe rhoqo.
Umthamo womatshini nawo uya kumisela ixesha elifunekayo ukugoba umyinge onikiweyo wombona, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ukuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo yokuvelisa kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Umatshini onomthamo we-100 kg unokuseta ukuya kuma-400 kg ombona ngeyure, ngelixa umatshini onomthamo wama-200 kg unokuvelisa ukuya kuma-800 kg ombona ngeyure.
Izantya zokujikeleza
Isantya sokujikeleza sichaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza komatshini. A isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza kuthetha ukuba umqombothi unokuvelisa umbona omninzi ngexesha elifutshane. Umzekelo, umatshini wokucheba umbona onesantya sokujikeleza esingama-400 RPM uya kuvelisa umthamo ophezulu wemveliso kunomatshini onesantya sokujikeleza esingama-200 RPM.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza sinokonyusa umngcipheko womonakalo kwiinkozo zombona kwaye kunokuvelisa inkunkuma eninzi.
Ukongeza, ukuba isantya siphezulu kakhulu, yithi 500RPM, inokubangela ukuba umatshini ungcangcazele kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukulawula. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-sheller enesantya esifanelekileyo sokujikeleza esilinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-kernel. Umatshini wokucheba umbona onesantya sokujikeleza esingama-400 RPM ubonwa njengofanelekileyo.
Imisebenzi encedisayo
Oku kubhekiselele kwiinkqubo ezongezelelweyo ezenziwa kunye nomsebenzi ophambili wokugoba umbona. Basenokuquka:
- Ukucoca, ukuhlela, kunye nokuhlelwa
- De-husking
- Ukufakwa kweengxowa kunye neeshelufu
I-sheller eye yakha imisebenzi encedisayo inokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha kunye nomsebenzi ofunekayo kule misebenzi, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Ingakwazi kwakhona ukugcina indawo kunye nezibonelelo, ukuphelisa imfuno yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kumsebenzi ngamnye.
Iindidi ngeendidi zezikrweqe zombona
Izikrweqe zombona ezenziwe ngesandla
Zezi izikrweqe zombona ezisebenza ngesandla abasebenzisa indlela yokukrazula ngesandla ukususa iinkozo kwisikhwebu.
eziluncedo
- Iindleko eziphantsi
- Ilula ngokulula
- Ukugcinwa okuphantsi
- Kulula ukusebenza
neengozi
- Kufuna ixesha elininzi kunye nomsebenzi
- Umthamo ophantsi; ayilungelanga imisebenzi emikhulu
- Funa umgudu womzimba
- Iimpawu ezinqunyelwe
Izikrweqe zombane zombona
Izikrweqe zombane zombona zinikwe amandla ngombane kwaye zisebenzisa iimotor ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokuqhushumba.
eziluncedo
- Amazinga aphezulu okuphumelela xa kuthelekiswa neesheli zezandla
- Imfuneko yomsebenzi ephantsi
- Iyahambelana; umahluko ophantsi kumgangatho wombona ogotyiweyo
- Iguquguquka - ingasetyenziselwa naluphi na uhlobo lombona, ubukhulu, kunye namaqondo okufuma
neengozi
- Iindleko eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neesheli zezandla
- Ifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa
- Ingavelisa ingxolo ngelixa i-shelling
- Mhlawumbi ingozi yokhuseleko ukuba ayisetyenziswanga kakuhle
PTO/ Izikrweqe zombona zetrektara
I-PTO (UkuThatha umbane) okanye iqhutywa ngetrektara abaqomboli bombona banikwa amandla ngetrektara okanye olunye uhlobo lwezixhobo zasefama.
eziluncedo
- Umthombo wamandla ofumaneka lula
- Iselfowuni kwaye inokuhanjiswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo efama
- Umthamo ophakamileyo wokubhobhoza
neengozi
- Ukugcina nokulungiswa rhoqo kunokubiza imali eninzi
- Ingxolo enkulu
- Enkulu kwaye inkulu
- eninzi
Iziqwenga zombona ezizenzekelayo
Aba bagocileli bombona basebenzisa indibaniselwano yomatshini kunye neenkqubo zombane ukwenza umsebenzi ngokuzenzekelayo.
eziluncedo
- Ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa nooqokobhe bezandla
- Ukwahluka okuncinci kubungakanani bekernel okanye umgangatho
- Ukugcina abasebenzi
- Abanye basenokuba nabo ngokuzenzekelayo kucoca
neengozi
- Kuyabiza ukuthenga nokugcina
- Amandla asenokungafumaneki kwiindawo ezininzi
Umgca osezantsi
Ngokuqwalasela ezi zinto zingasentla, unokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetha umatshini olungele iimfuno zakho kunye neemfuno zakho, kwaye oya kubonelela ngexabiso elifanelekileyo kwishishini lakho.
Umzekelo, umatshini wokucheba umbona ozenzekelayo ococa ngokuzenzekela kunye neenkqubo zokuhlela inokuba lolona khetho lungcono ukuba ishishini lakho lifuna umthamo ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Kwelinye icala, ukuba ishishini lakho likwindawo enamandla alinganiselweyo, i-manual okanye isemi-automatic mazesheer inokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.
