Ukugrumba iLaser yindlela eyodwa yokugrumba imingxuma kwizinto ezahlukeneyo usebenzisa ukukhanya kwelaser. Inkqubo yokugrumba i-laser iza neenzuzo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa nokugrumba ngoomatshini, oko kuyenza ibe sesona sisombululo silungileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.
Funda ukuze ufumane iingenelo eziphambili zokomba ngelaser kunye neemodeli ezahlukeneyo zokomba ngelaser.
Isiqulatho
Yintoni oomatshini bokomba ngelaser?
Iindlela zokugrumba i-laser
Zeziphi iingenelo eziphambili zokomba ngelaser?
isiphelo
Yintoni oomatshini bokomba ngelaser?
Oomatshini bokomba beLaser yindlela ekhawulezayo nechanekileyo yokudala iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemingxuma enejiyometri ezahlukeneyo. Oomatshini bomba izinto ukusuka kwezona zibuthathaka ukuya kwezona zinzima. Ukugrumba iLaser yinkqubo enyusa amandla obushushu ukusuka kukukhanya kwelaser ukusika imingxuma okanye ezinye iimilo zibe yimathiriyeli. Ngokuchaseneyo, ezinye iinkqubo zokomba zisebenzisa i-drill drill cut ejikelezayo ukukhupha imathiriyeli kwi-workpiece.
I-workpiece ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni kwelaser ukunyibilikisa izinto kunye nokuwufunxa kwindawo engqongileyo. Nje ngeziphumo, laser ukubhola ayivelisi amacandelo afana ne-swarf xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo zokomba.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ukugrumba ngelaser akubandakanyi umqadi oqhubekayo ukusika imingxuma kwizinto zokusebenza kodwa i-pulses yokukhanya kwelaser. I-pulse nganye iyatshisa kwaye ikhuphe izinto ezingafunekiyo kwi-workpiece ukufikelela kwisiphumo esifunekayo kwimveliso yokugqibela. Oomatshini beLaser yomba naluphi na uhlobo lwemathiriyeli ngokuchaneka okugqithisileyo.
Iindlela zokugrumba i-laser
1. Ukwemba ngokuthe ngqo
Ukubhola ngokuthe ngqo kuvelisa umngxuma kwi-laser pulse enye (i-shot eyodwa). Bubuchule obukhawulezayo kodwa bunobunzulu obufikelelekayo obufikelelekayo kwaye bunika inqanaba elibalulekileyo letaper yomngxuma.
2. Ugrumbo lwePercussion
I-Percussion drilling itshisa uloliwe wee-pulses kwindawo ezinzileyo kumcwecwe wokusebenza. Ii-pulses zihamba ngokulandelelana ngelixa zisusa iileya ezincinci zempahla ukwenza nzulu umngxuma. Ngenxa yoko, le nkqubo yokugrumba ifanelekile kwimingxuma emincinci yomgangatho ophezulu kunye nemilinganiselo ephezulu.
3. UkuTrepana
I-Trepanning inomngxuma wokuqala owombiweyo ngokukhawuleza ukugqobhoza izinto. Umqa we-laser ke uhanjiswa ujikeleze umjikelezo ukuze ufezekise umngxuma ofunekayo. Le nkqubo inqumla ngokufanelekileyo umngxuma kunokuba iwubambe. Isiphumo yimingxuma ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye nobubanzi obukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye-trepanning iyacotha xa ithelekiswa ne-percussion kunye nokugrumba ngokuthe ngqo.
Zeziphi iingenelo eziphambili zokomba ngelaser?
1. Isantya esiphezulu
Ezona zantya ziphezulu kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yokwenziwa komngxuma ibhaliswe ngu oomatshini bokomba laser. Kuthatha malunga nesekondi enye ukugrumba umngxuma kwizicelo ezininzi. Iiprotoni azinabunzima; ngoko akukho inertia yoyisa amandla okumisa ngaphandle kwaleyo yenkqubo yamehlo. Isantya esikhawulezayo sikwabhaliswa ngamaplanga akumgangatho ophezulu anokugqalisela okugqwesileyo. Imiqadi inomlinganiselo ophezulu woxinaniso lwamandla kunye nokugqabhuka kwamandla aphezulu. Ngaloo ndlela, iilaser zinamandla okungena kunye nokubhoboza iintsimbi ngokukhawuleza.
2. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu
I-Laser drilling ifezekisa izinga eliphezulu lokuchaneka ngenxa yokuzenzekelayo kwayo. Ngokubanzi, ububanzi be-laser beam bumalunga nesinye kwisihlanu semilimitha. Umqadi unokujolisa malunga ne-1000 ukuya kuma-2000 eewatts zamandla kwaye ubhobhoze ngokufanelekileyo kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi. Ingena ngokufanelekileyo kubunzulu obumalunga ne-20 millimeters nge ukuchaneka okuqikelelweyo 95.96%.
IiLasers zinokusondela ngokulula kwii-engile ezisezantsi njenge-15 degrees ngaphandle kotshintsho lwenkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, abafuni naluphi na uhlengahlengiso lomatshini ukuze batshintshe phakathi kobungakanani bomngxuma obahlukeneyo kunye nemingxuma enemilo engaqhelekanga. Ngokufunxa, ukubhola kwelaser kulawula ubunzulu kwimingxuma engaboniyo. Kule meko, umthengi unokukhetha i-wavelength efunwayo ene-absorption ephantsi kwizinto zokumisa kunye nokufunxa okuphezulu kwizinto ezijoliswe kuzo. Ukongeza, iprofayile echanekileyo yendawo kunye neyexeshana yokuphuma kwelaser inokufezekisa ubunzulu bolawulo oluchanekileyo ngaphakathi kwee-microns ezimbalwa kwizinto ezilinganayo.
3. Iindleko ezincitshisiweyo
Nangona ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu, akukho intwana yokomba ukunxiba okanye ukuphuka xa kufikwa kwi-laser drilling. Kwakhona, zimbalwa okanye azikho izinto ezisetyenziswayo kwi-laser. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zecandelo ziyacinywa kwaye ixesha ligcinwa njengoko kungekho mfuneko yokutshintsha izinto ezisetyenziswayo. I-Laser drilling ivelisa imbuyekezo ephezulu kutyalo-mali xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo zokomba.
4. Ukuhluka kwezinto
Ukugrunjwa kweLaser kunomlinganiselo ophezulu—oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wobunzulu ukuya kububanzi. Imiqadi ayijongani nakuphi na ukuchasana okukhuphisanayo. Ngoko ke, ubunzulu be-drill bunokukhawulwa kuphela ngokucwangciswa kwe-optical kunye ne-dynamics yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Umzekelo, abathengi banokugrumba imingxuma ngokulula nge-30: 1 ye-aspect ratio kwezinye izinto. Ngokucacileyo, iilaser zinokuvelisa imingxunya ephindwe ka-10 encinci kuneyo iveliswa ngamasuntswana okomba aqhelekileyo.
5. Isiphumo esincinci sokushisa
I-Laser ibandakanya ukubhola ngenkqubo yefotolytic. Oku kukusabela kweekhemikhali apho ikhompawundi ichithwa ngeeprotons endaweni yokusika okanye ukunyibilika ngenxa yokukhuhlana. Ngokwenyani, inkqubo ayinamaleko okubuyisela kwakhona. Kwakhona, ubuchule bokungaqhagamshelwa bubangela ukuba i-laser drilling ukunciphisa ifuthe lobushushu obuveliswe kwindawo yokusebenza. Akukho kwaphela unxibelelwano lomzimba phakathi kwamalungu ashukumayo kunye nomsebenzi. Oku kuthintela nakuphi na ukungcoliseka kwe-workpiece kunye nokunxiba kwecandelo lokomba.
6. Ukusebenza
Amandla e-laser ukususa izinto kwi-workpiece ngokuyinhloko kuxhomekeke ekufunxeni kwezinto ekujoliswe kuzo. Oku kuthetha nje ukufumana ubude obuchanekileyo. Uluhlu olubanzi lwemathiriyeli eyombiweyo kusetyenziswa iilaser ukusuka kwirabha, iinkuni, kunye neeseramikhi ezifana nedayimani ukuya kwiintsimbi ezinobunzima obuphezulu.
isiphelo
Ukugrumba ngeLaser yenye yeenkqubo zamva nje zokomba. Ibandakanya iindleko eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo zokomba. Ngenxa yoko, ayisetyenziswanga kwizicelo ezininzi zamashishini. Ukugrunjwa kweLaser ngokuqhelekileyo kukhawulelwe kwiinjini ze-aerospace, iibhloko zeemoto, kunye iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo (iiPCBs). Nangona kunjalo, abathengi banomphetho wokuvelisa imingxuma emincinci ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. IiLasers zilufanele utyalo-mali kuba zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nobuchule bokomba. Ukufumana izixhobo zokomba zelaser ezifikelelekayo nezisemgangathweni, ndwendwela Cooig.com.
