Iibhetri zelanga zizisombululo zokugcina amandla ezidityaniswe neepaneli zelanga. Ngeebhetri zelanga, abasebenzisi banokugcina iipaneli zelanga zamandla elanga ukuze zisetyenziswe kamva xa ilanga lingakhanyi okanye ngexesha lokucima kombane.
Kukho iibhetri ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zelanga: iibhetri ze-lead-asidi kunye ne-lithium-ion. Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zixhaphake kakhulu ngenxa yokuba sele zikho ixesha elide, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziye zaziwa kakhulu. Ngo-2021, icandelo lebhetri ye-lithium-ion lalinayo esona sabelo semarike siphezulu kuzo zonke iibhetri zelanga, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba ixabisa i-540 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2030 - ukubhalisa i-CAGR ye-15.5%.
Ke kutheni abathengisi abaninzi bekhetha ukugcina iibhetri ze-lithium-ion? Kule post, siza kuphonononga ukuba kutheni kufuneka ucinge ngokuzongeza kuluhlu lwakho lwempahla.
Isiqulatho
Ziziphi iibhetri zelanga ze-lithium-ion?
Iimpawu zeebhetri zelanga ze-lithium-ion
Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha iibhetri ze-lithium-ion
Isigqibo: Ngaba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zilutyalo-mali olunexabiso?
Ziziphi iibhetri zelanga ze-lithium-ion?
Iibhetri zelanga zeLithium ziibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezisetyenziswa ziinkqubo zamandla elanga ukugcina amandla agqithisileyo.
Iimpawu zeebhetri zelanga ze-lithium-ion
Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zixabisa kakhulu kuneebhetri ze-asidi yelothe. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kweendleko zabo zokuqala, izibonelelo zabo zibenza badume phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaninzi. Ke, kutheni abanye abasebenzisi bekhetha i-lithium-ion ngaphezu kweebhetri ze-lead-asidi? Nazi izibonelelo iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezinikezelayo ngaphezu koogxa babo be-lead-acid.
Ubunzulu obungcono bokukhutshwa
Ubunzulu bokukhutshwa (i-DoD) yebhetri yelanga, echazwe njengepesenti, ibonisa ubungakanani bamandla umsebenzisi anokuthi ahoxise kwibhetri ngaphambi kokuba ifune ukutshaja kwakhona. Ngenxa yokwakheka kweekhemikhali, iibhetri akufuneki zikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, iibhetri ezininzi zineDoD ecetyiswayo ukugcina ubomi bazo.
uninzi iibhetri zelanga ze-lithium-ion babe ne-DoD emalunga ne-80%, ke abasebenzisi banokuyikhupha de ibe malunga ne-20% igcwele kwaye ifune ukutshajwa kwakhona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezininzi iibhetri ze-lead-acid zine-DoD ye-50% kwaye zifuna ukutshaja rhoqo. Ngenxa yoko, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zifaneleka ngcono kwiindawo ezifumana ukukhanya okuncinci kwelanga kuba zibamba ixesha elide.
Amaxesha akhawulezayo entlawulo
Ngenxa yokuba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zine-DoD engcono kuneebhetri ze-lead-asidi, zibamba intlawulo ixesha elide. Ngaphaya koko, zihlawulisa ngokukhawuleza kuneebhetri zelothe ngenxa yokwakheka kweekhemikhali. Lo mgangatho wenza iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zilungele abasebenzisi abane-off-grid system solar.
Ubomi obungcono
Xa iibhetri zelanga zikhutshwa kwaye zihlaziywa, zigqiba umjikelo. Ubomi bomjikelo webhetri bubhekiselele kwinani lamaxesha enokuthi ikhutshwe ngayo kwaye itshajwe kwakhona phambi kokuba iguge.
Ngenxa yokuba iibhetri ze-lead-acid kufuneka zihlawulwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion, zinobomi obufutshane bomjikelezo.
Ngokubanzi, uninzi lweebhetri ze-asidi ekhokelayo zinobomi obuyi-1,500-3,000 yemijikelo, ngelixa ezininzi iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziphezulu inokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwimijikelo engama-5,000 nangaphezulu.
Iwaranti ende
Ngaphandle kobomi obude, iibhetri ezininzi ze-lithium-ion zihlala zinewaranti ezinde kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid.
Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lead-acid zineziqinisekiso ezingaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu, iibhetri ezininzi ze-lithium-ion ziza newaranti yeminyaka elishumi.
Ilungele imijikelo yentlawulo engahambelaniyo
Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi azilunganga ekuphatheni imijikelo yentlawulo engangqinelaniyo. Xa zihlala zihlawuliswa kwaye zikhutshwe, ubomi babo bomjikelezo bunganciphisa kakhulu.
Ngeebhetri ze-lithium-ion, abasebenzisi akufuneki bakhathazeke malunga nemijikelo yentlawulo engahambelaniyo. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zinokutshajiswa kwaye zikhutshwe rhoqo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi babo bomjikelezo. Eli nqaku libenza bagqibelele kubasebenzisi abasoloko betshintshana phakathi kwamandla elanga kunye negridi.
Uxinzelelo olukhulu lwamandla
Ubuninzi bamandla ebhetri bumisela ubungakanani bamandla enokuwagcina xa kuthelekiswa nobungakanani bayo.
Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinokupakisha amandla amaninzi kwindawo encinci xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-asidi, zizenza zibe ntle kumakhaya anegumbi elincinci.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuya nokubuya
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhetri ukuya nokubuya ngumahluko phakathi kwamandla afunekayo ukuyitshaja kunye namandla enokuwagcina.
Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zineempembelelo zokuya nokubuya phakathi kwe-80-85%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhetri ezininzi ze-lithium-ion zisebenza nge-90% okanye ngaphezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukutsala amandla asebenzisekayo ngakumbi kubo.
Ukugcinwa okuphantsi
Iibhetri zelanga zeLithium-ion zifuna phantse akukho kulungiswa xa sele zifakiwe. Zifuna kuphela ukutshajwa kwakhona ukuzigcina zikwimeko entle xa ziphantsi kwentlawulo.
Ngokuchasene noko, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo. Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ze-lithium-ion, iipleyiti zazo zeeseli kufuneka zintywiliselwe emanzini adityanisiweyo ukuze zisebenze kumanqanaba afanelekileyo (yiyo loo nto zaziwa ngokuba ziibhetri "ezikhukula". Oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi kufuneka bajonge rhoqo inqanaba lamanzi eebhetri ze-asidi yelothe kwaye banyuse amanzi ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukongeza, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zifuna igcisa lelanga ukuba lizihlole ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha iibhetri ze-lithium-ion
Ngelixa iibhetri zelanga ze-lithium zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ngaphezulu koogxa bazo be-lead-acid, azenziwanga zonke ngendlela efanayo. Nazi ezinye izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uziqwalasele ngaphambi kokuba utyale imali kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion.
Ukwakhiwa kweMikhali
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion: lithium yentsimbi phosphate (LFP) kunye ne-nickel manganese cobalt (NMC). Iibhetri ze-NMC zinoxinzelelo olukhulu lwamandla xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-LFP. Ngenxa yoko, ibhetri ye-NMC enomthamo webhetri efanayo njenge-LFP iya kuba ncinane. Oku kwenza ukuba iibhetri ze-NMC zilungele abasebenzisi abanegumbi elincinci.
Kwelinye icala, ngelixa iibhetri ze-LFP zinkulu, zihlala ixesha elide kuneebhetri ze-NMC. Ngaphaya koko, iibhetri ze-LFP zibiza ngaphantsi kweebhetri ze-NMC. Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ze-NMC ezisebenzisa izinto ezixabisa kakhulu njenge-cobalt, iibhetri ze-LFP zisebenzisa i-iron kunye ne-phosphate, ezinexabiso eliphantsi. Ngenxa yoko, abasebenzisi abaninzi bakhetha iibhetri ze-LFP.
Battery umthamo
Umthamo webhetri, ulinganiswa ngeekilowatt-yure (kWh), ubonisa isixa sisonke se amandla ebhetri ingagcina. Ngokufanelekileyo, umthamo webhetri kufuneka uhambelane nokusetha kwayo.
Umzekelo, abasebenzisi borhwebo bafuna iibhetri ezinamandla amakhulu kunabasebenzisi bendawo yokuhlala. Ngokubanzi, 10kWh iibhetri zanele kubasebenzisi abaninzi belanga bendawo yokuhlala, ngelixa abasebenzisi bezorhwebo banokufuna iibhetri ezinomthamo omkhulu.
iwaranti
Uninzi lweebhetri zelanga zinewaranti esemgangathweni yeminyaka emihlanu okanye elishumi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iibhetri zineziqinisekiso ezimfutshane, ngelixa ezinye zinika iwaranti ukuya kwinani elithile lemijikelo - ngokuqhelekileyo i-5,000 okanye i-10,000.
Ireyithingi yeyure ye-Amp
I-ampere (i-amp) yiyunithi yokulinganisa umsinga wombane. Ukulinganiswa kwe-amp-yure yebhetri yelanga kubonisa ubungakanani bombane onokurhoxiswa kwibhetri kwiyure. Xa iphezulu ibhetri ye-amp-yure yokulinganisa, kokukhona inokubonelela ngamandla. Ngokomzekelo, ibhetri ye-100Ah inokubonelela ngee-amps ezili-100 ngeyure okanye i-amps ezilishumi kwiiyure ze-10.
Inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri
Ibhetri inkqubo yo lawulo (BMS) yisekethe ye-elektroniki ebeka esweni ukusebenza kwebhetri. Umzekelo, ukuba i-BMS ibona i-spike ebalulekileyo kubushushu, inokucima ibhetri ukuyikhusela emonakalweni. Ngokufanelekileyo, khangela i ibhetri ene-BMS.
Isigqibo: Ngaba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zilutyalo-mali olunexabiso?
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zinkulu ukhetho lokugcina amandla. Zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci, zihlala ixesha elide, kwaye zisebenza ngcono kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqwalasela amandla elanga yi umthombo wombane okhula ngokukhawuleza, imfuno yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion iya kunyuka, ibenze ibe yi-investment investment.
Phuma Cooig.com kuluhlu olubanzi lweebhetri zelanga ze-lithium kubasebenzisi belanga abahlala kunye nezorhwebo.
