Isiqulatho
● Intshayelelo
● Isishwankathelo semarike
● Iindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu zazo
● Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha iimveliso
● Umqukumbelo
intshayelelo
Iibhokisi zegiya zinceda ukuhambisa amandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwesithuthi. Icandelo lokuqhuba izixhobo zemoto liyakhula ngenxa yenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kunye nokunyuka kwenani lezithuthi ezenziwayo. Kubalulekile ukwazi malunga neentlobo zeenkqubo zegiya, njengezemanyuwali kunye nezizenzekelayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimoto ziqhuba kakuhle kwaye zisebenzisa amandla ngokufanelekileyo. Ukukhetha usasazo kubandakanya ukujonga iindleko zokugcina kunye nokuhambelana neendlela zangoku zobuchwepheshe. Eli nqaku lineenkcukacha lijonga kwiindlela zentengiso ezinxulumene neebhokisi zeemoto, kubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kunye neempawu zazo kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha enye yesithuthi sakho.
ubenemboniselo Market
Imakethi yebhokisi yeemoto ngo-2023 yayixabisa i-21.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kufikelela kwi-34.61 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2030, ikhula kwi-CAGR ye-7.75%. Oku kukhula kuziswa ngotshintsho kubuchwepheshe obufana ne-dual-clutch transmissions (DCT), i-continuously variable transmissions (CVT), kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-automated manual (AMT). Baye baphucula ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha, okwenza ukuqhuba kube mnandi ngakumbi. Imveliso yeemoto iyanda kwihlabathi jikelele kuba imfuno yabakhweli, yorhwebo, kunye neemoto zombane iphezulu. Bakwanceda ukuvuselela ukukhula kwemarike.
Abathengi baye bakhetha ukukhawulezisa kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha ezimotweni. Bakwafuna ukuqhuba ngcono ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo yokukhutshwa kunye nokuthandwa okukhulayo kweemoto zombane kunye ne-hybrid.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu zazo
Ukuhanjiswa ngesandla
Iibhokisi zegiya ezinokuhanjiswa zifuna ukuba umqhubi asebenzise i-clutch kunye nentonga yegiya ngesandla ukuze atshintshe iigiya ngokutyibilikayo ngaphandle kwengxolo yokusila okanye ukungcangcazela ngexesha lotshintsho lwegiya. Ezi nkqubo zothumelo lwemanyuwali ziyilwe ngeendlela ezifana ne-synchrom ukulungelelanisa isantya segiya kunye nokunqanda ukudibana kwegiya erhabaxa. Kukho iintlobo zothumelo lwezandla, ezifana nokuhanjiswa kweegiya zokutyibilika, apho iigiya zihamba ecaleni kweshafti ukuze zihlangane ngokutyibilikayo, kunye nokuhanjiswa komnatha rhoqo, apho iigiya zihlala zibandakanyeka kusetyenziswa i-clutch yenja ukutshintsha phakathi kwazo ngaphandle komthungo.
Ugqithiso lweclutch ezimbini (DCT) oluzenzekelayo
Ukuhanjiswa kwe-Dual-clutch kusebenzisa ii-clutch ezimbini - enye yeegiya kunye nenye i-gear - ukuvumela ukukhethwa kwangaphambili kwesixhobo esilandelayo sokutshintsha okugudileyo kunye nokukhawuleza. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenkqubo zeDCT: iinkqubo zeDCT ezomileyo nezimanzi, ezifakwe kwioli kwaye zikwazi ukulawula amanqanaba aphezulu e-torque. Iinkqubo ezomileyo zeDCT zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi kwizicelo ezineemfuno zetorque. Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo nolungenamthungo lweenkqubo zeDCT zonyusa ukusebenza kunye noqoqosho lwamafutha; nangona kunjalo, ukuntsonkotha kunye nobungakanani bamalungu aphakamisa imveliso kunye neendleko zokugcina.
Torque converter oluzenzekelayo
Ukuhanjiswa okuzenzekelayo, kunye nabaguquli be-torque, sebenzisa ikhonkco eyaziwa ngokuba yi-torque converter ukudibanisa i-injini kwinkqubo yokuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. Ukuseta kuqulathe i-impeller, i-iturbine, kunye ne-stator ezisebenzisanayo ukuhambisa ulwandiso lwetorque kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla angenamthungo. Umthamo wesiguquli setorque ukonyusa itorque ngexesha lesantya senjini sonyusa isantya kunye namava okuqhuba ngokubanzi. Olu hlobo lothumelo luyaziwa ngokuthembeka kunye nokukwazi ukubonelela ngokutshintsha kweegiya ngaphandle kokufuna i-clutch pedal. Ifanelekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba.
Ugqithiso oluzenzekelayo ngesandla (AMT)
Ukuhanjiswa kwe-automatic manual kwenziwa ngokudibanisa i-gearbox ye-manual kunye ne-automated gear technology technology incediswa yi-actuator elawulwa yiyunithi yokulawula i-electronic (ECU). Ezi actuators zilawula i-clutch kunye notshintsho lwe gear ngaphandle kokufuna i-clutch pedal usebenzisa iinkqubo ze-electro-pneumatic ukuqinisekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa olu cwangciso, inkqubo igcina ukulula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuhanjiswa kwencwadana ngelixa ibonelela ngobungane bomsebenzisi kunye nokuhanjiswa okuzenzekelayo. Sekunjalo, banokungaphumeleli ukuhambisa ukuguda kunye nentuthuzelo njengezinye iinketho zothumelo oluzenzekelayo.
Usasazo oluqhubekayo oluguquguqukayo (CVT) oluzenzekelayo
Uthumelo oluguquguqukayo lubonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwemilinganiselo yegiya ngokusebenzisa ukusetwa kweepuli kunye nebhanti okanye inkqubo yetyathanga endaweni. Ubungakanani bazo zombini iipuli zesibini zilungelelanisa ukuguqula umlinganiselo wegiya kakuhle. Oku kwenza ukuba injini ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuguquka kwayo ngomzuzu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba, okukhokelela kuqoqosho oluphuculweyo lwamafutha. Idityaniswe kwii-CVTs ngokuqhelekileyo isiguquli setorque sokuqalisa ukukhawulezisa kunye nokulawula ukuhanjiswa kwetorque ngokufanelekileyo. Ngelixa usasazo oluqhubekayo oluguquguqukayo (CVTs) luphucula amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, ngamanye amaxesha banokubonakala besebenzisana. Oku kungenxa yokungabikho kwezinto ezibonakalayo zokutshintsha kweegiya kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwebhanti okanye i-chain system enxibayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kufuna ukugcinwa.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iimveliso
Injongo kunye nohlobo lwesithuthi
Xa ukhetha i-gearbox yesithuthi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno zohlobo lwesithuthi. Umzekelo, iimoto zabakhweli zihlala ziqhuba kakuhle nge-dual-clutch transmissions (DCT), zibonelela ngotshintsho olukhawulezayo lwegiya ezenza ukuqhuba kube mnandi ngakumbi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izithuthi zorhwebo zifuna ukuqina kunye nokukwazi ukuphatha imithwalo enzima. Basenokukhetha abaguquli betorque okanye ukuhanjiswa okuzenzekelayo ngenxa yomthamo wabo ophezulu wetorque kunye nokuthembeka. Xa kuziwa kwiimoto zemidlalo ezifuna ukukhawuleziswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusebenza, ngokuqhelekileyo baya kwi-DCT ngenxa yokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunye namandla aphezulu. Izithuthi zombane kunye nezixubeneyo zihlala zisebenzisa ii-variable transmissions (CVTs) ukuqinisekisa ukukhawulezisa okugudileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto yombane.
Iimeko zokuqhuba
Uhlobo lwebhokisi yegiya olukhethayo luchatshazelwa kakhulu ziimeko zokuqhuba odibana nazo. Kwidolophu yokuqhuba ngokumisa kwaye iqala kwi-jams yezithuthi, ukuhanjiswa okuzenzekelayo okufana neziguquli zetorque kunye nee-AMTs zibonelela ngamava agudileyo ngokususa isidingo sokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-clutch kunye notshintsho lwegiya. Koohola bendlela, kunye nezantya, ii-CVT zikhethwa njengoko zihlala zilungelelanisa umlinganiselo wegiya ukwandisa ukusebenza kwe-injini kunye noqoqosho lwamafutha. Abaguquli beTorque baqhuba kakuhle kwiindawo ezineenduli okanye ezisezintabeni ngenxa yokuba bayakwazi ukulawula amanqanaba aphezulu etorque ngaphandle komngcipheko wokuzinzisa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kwaye banike amava okuqhuba agudileyo kwaye awomeleleyo ekunyukeni.
Iindleko kunye nokugcinwa
Iindleko kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto zidlala indima ekukhetheni ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwebhokisi yegiya. Ukhetho lothumelo lunobuchwephesha obulula ngokuthelekiseka, nto leyo ebenza ukuba bangabiziindleko kakhulu ekuqaleni kwaye kube lula ukuyigcina ngenxa yeendawo ezimbalwa kunye neenkqubo zokulungisa ezingantsonkothanga. Ugqithiso oluSebenzayo lweManuwali (AMTs) luzenzekela utshintsho lwegiya ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza kweendleko xa kuthelekiswa nothumelo lwezandla. Kwelinye icala, ii-Dual Clutch Transmissions (DCT) kunye ne-Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVTs), nangona zibonelela ngeempawu zokusebenza eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nee-AMTs, zibandakanya iindleko eziphezulu zemveliso kunye neenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zokugcina. Iisistim ze-DCT, ezine-twin-clutch setup, zifuna ukuchaneka kodwa kunokubiza ukuzilungisa. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kwezinto kungafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba uThutho oluGuquguqukayo oluQhubekayo (CVTs), olusebenzisa amabhanti kunye neepuli kwindlela yazo, lugcina amanqanaba aphezulu okusebenza.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwePetroli
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha kudlala indima kumxholo wanamhlanje ngenxa yokunyuka kweendleko zamafutha kunye nesidingo sokuthobela imigangatho yokusingqongileyo. UThutho oluQhubekayo oluGuquguqukayo (CVTs) lwenzelwe ukugcina i-injini ikwinqanaba elilelona liphezulu le-RPM ukunikezela ngeenzuzo kuqoqosho lwamafutha. Ii-Dual Clutch Transmissions (DCTs) nazo zinegalelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamafutha ngokucutha ixesha lokutshintsha nokunciphisa ilahleko yamandla ngexesha lokutshintsha kwegiya. Ukuhanjiswa ngesandla kunika ibhalansi yoqoqosho lwamafutha xa luqhutywa ngobuchule, njengoko abaqhubi banolawulo oluthe ngqo kutshintsho lwegiya. Iziguquli zetorque ezizenzekelayo ngokwesiko bezingawongi amafutha kunosasazo oluguquguqukayo (CVTs) okanye usasazo lwe-dual-clutch (DCT). Nangona kunjalo, babone ukuhambela phambili okubonakalayo ngokungeniswa kweendlela zangoku zokuvala ezinciphisa ukutyibilika kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha.
Ukuhambelana kwezobuchwepheshe
Iimoto zale mihla zineenkqubo zokunceda abaqhubi (ADAS) kunye nezinye izinto zobugcisa obuphezulu ezifuna ukuba iibhokisi zegiya zisebenze ngaphandle komthungo ukuze zisebenze kakuhle. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-Dual-clutch (DCTs) kunye ne-torque converter transmissions ngokuzenzekelayo zilungele ukudityaniswa nemisebenzi ye-ADAS efana nolawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa kunye noncedo lwendlela. Banokusabela ngokukhawuleza kwimiqondiso evela kwiinkqubo ze-ADAS ukunika ulawulo oluchanekileyo nolugudileyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhokisi yegiya inokusebenza kakuhle nazo zombini iitekhnoloji ezizayo zokuxhasa ukhuseleko lwesithuthi kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza kubalulekile.
Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo
Ukhetho kunye neemfuno zabathengi zikwaphembelela ukukhethwa kweebhokisi zegiya ezimotweni. Abathandi bemoto banokuthembela kuthumelo lwezandla zokuziva kunye nokuchaneka abakunikezelayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, abanye babeka phambili ukukhululeka kweenkqubo ezizenzekelayo. Ii-Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVTs) ziza nemowudi evumela abaqhubi balinganise ii shifts zegiya ukuze bafumane amava okuqhuba abandakanyayo. Ii-Dual Clutch Transmissions (DCTs) zihlala zixhotyiswe ngee-paddle shifters, ezivumela abaqhubi ukuba bazikhethele ngokwabo iigiya ngelixa besonwabela iiperks zothumelo. Ukuqaphela ezi zinto zikhethwayo kunye nokubonelela ngokhetho kunokunyusa ukwaneliseka kwabaqhubi kwaye ilungele isithuthi kwiimfuno ezithile.
isiphelo
Ukukhetha i-gearbox efanelekileyo kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwesithuthi. Hlala uhlaziywa kwiintsingiselo zeshishini kunye nokhetho lokulungelelanisa ukuze lulungele iindidi zezithuthi ngokufanelekileyo. Iinkampani zinokwenza ukhetho olunolwazi. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezifana nokusebenza, iimeko zokuqhuba, iindleko, iimfuno zokugcina, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, kunye nokuguquguquka kweteknoloji. Esi sicwangciso sicwangcisiweyo siqinisekisa ukuba i-gearbox ekhethiweyo iyayizalisekisa imilinganiselo yesithuthi kwaye iphakamisa ukusebenza kunye nokwaneliseka komqhubi ngokubanzi.
