Ngo-2023, imarike yeseva yehlabathi yenze i-US $ 108.06 yezigidigidi, kunye noqikelelo lokufikelela kwi-US $ 207.65 yezigidigidi ngo-2029. Oku kukhula ngokukhawuleza kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokukhetha iibhodi ze-motherboards ezifanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziguqukayo zezicelo ezinzulu kunye nezisombululo zeziseko ezingundoqo.
Isiqulatho:
-Ujongo lweMarike yeeMotherboards zeServer
-Uhlalutyo olunzulu lweMarike yeebhodi zeServer
– IiNdlela eziPhambili kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabaThengi
-Izinto eziphambili xa ukhetha ii-Motherboards zeServer
-IiNdlela ezikhulayo kwiibhodi zoMama zeSeva
-Ubungqina bexesha elizayo kwiZibonelelo zeSeva yakho
-Ukubaluleka koMgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwiiMotherboards zeSeva
– Ukusonga
Ujongano lweMarike yeebhodi zeServer
Ngo-2023, imarike ye-server yehlabathi yenza ingeniso ye-US $ 108.06 yezigidigidi, kunye noqikelelo olubonisa ukunyuka ukuya kwi-US $ 207.65 yezigidigidi ngo-2029. Oku kukhula kuqhutyelwa yimfuno ekhulayo yokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamaseva, abaluleke kakhulu kumaziko edatha yanamhlanje. Imakethi iphenjelelwa kukwamkelwa okukhawulezayo kokusetyenziswa kwedatha kunye nemfuno yezisombululo zeziseko ezingundoqo.
I-United States, i-China, kunye ne-Europe zikhokela le marike, ngokudibeneyo inegalelo elikhulu kwingeniso yehlabathi. I-United States iphawulwe ngokusasazwa kwayo kweeseva zomda, eziqhutywa kukwanda kwe-edge computing ukunciphisa i-latency kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenzwa kwedatha yexesha langempela. IYurophu igxile kwi-teknoloji ye-server ezinzileyo kunye ne-green server ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yamaziko edatha.
Abadlali abaphambili kwimarike babandakanya i-Intel, i-AMD, i-NXP, kunye ne-ST Microelectronics. Baqhuba inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kwaye bahlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamashishini kunye noorhulumente. Ukukhula kwemarike kubonisa indlela yehlabathi eya kwinguqu yedijithali kunye nokwanda kokuthembela kwiziseko ezingundoqo zeseva.
Uhlalutyo olunzulu lweMarike yeebhodi ze-Server
Iibhodi zomama zeseva zingumqolo wesiseko seseva, eyilelwe ukuphatha imisebenzi enzima yekhompyuter. Baxhasa iiprosesa ezininzi, amandla aphezulu ememori, kunye nobuchule obukhulu be-I/O. Iimpawu zentsebenzo yeebhodi ze-motherboards ziquka ukuhambelana kweprosesa, i-memory bandwidth, kunye ne-I / O throughput, ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kweseva kunye nokuthembeka.
Amandla esabelo semakethi atyhila ukuba i-Intel kunye ne-AMD zilawula imakethi ye-motherboard yeseva, kunye ne-Intel ebambe ukhokelo olubalulekileyo ngenxa yepotfoliyo yemveliso ebanzi kunye nokuqondwa kophawu olomeleleyo. Uxinzelelo lwehlabathi lwedijithali kunye nokwamkelwa okwandisiweyo kweenkonzo zelifu kuqhuba imfuno yeebhodi zeseva eziphucukileyo. Iipateni zemfuno zamaxesha onyaka, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuphela konyaka-mali kunye nokusungulwa kwetekhnoloji enkulu, zinefuthe elibonakalayo kumthamo wentengiso.
Izinto ezintsha zamva nje kwiibhodi zeseva ezibandakanya ukudityaniswa kwee-accelerators ze-AI, iimpawu zokhuseleko ezongeziweyo, kunye nenkxaso yetekhnoloji yememori yesizukulwana esilandelayo njenge-DDR5. Ezi nkqubela phambili zibonelela ngemfuno ekhulayo yokusebenza okuphezulu kwekhompyuter kunye nokhuseleko lwedatha kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Amanqanaba omjikelo wobomi bemveliso yeebhodi ze-server esiba mfutshane njengoko inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ekhawulezayo ifuna ukuphuculwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa.
IiNdlela eziPhambili kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabaThengi
Imakethi ye-motherboard ye-server itshintshela kwizisombululo ezonga amandla kunye nezizinzileyo, eziqhutywa yimithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokugxila ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza. Abathengi babeka phambili iibhodi ze-motherboard ezibonelela ngokulinganisa okungagungqiyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ukulungelelaniswa neendlela zehlabathi ezibhekiselele kwitekhnoloji eluhlaza.
Izinto ezikhethwayo zesitishi sosasazo zibonisa umxube olungelelanisiweyo wentengiso ye-intanethi kunye ne-offline, kunye namashishini kunye noorhulumente bangabathengi abaphambili. I-Digitalization iguqula imarike, kunye namaqonga e-e-commerce adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufikeleleni kubaphulaphuli ababanzi kunye nokuququzelela iinkqubo ezilula zokuthengwa kwempahla.
Amanqaku eentlungu zomthengi abandakanya iindleko eziphezulu ze-motherboards ze-server eziphambili kunye nobunzima bokudibanisa kunye neziseko ezikhoyo. Ukujongana nale miba, abavelisi bajolise ekuboneleleni ngenkxaso epheleleyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana noluhlu olubanzi lwamacandelo eseva. Iindlela zokwahlulahlula zibandakanya ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunye nokuxhasa itekhnoloji ye-cutting-edge ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeshishini.
Imiba ephambili xa ukhetha ii-Motherboards zeSeva
Ukukhetha i-motherboard efanelekileyo yeseva kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kweseva, ukuthembeka, kunye nokukala. Nantsi imiba ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe:
Ukusebenza kunye nokuhambelana kweProsesa
Ukusebenza kwebhodi yomncedisi kuphenjelelwa kakhulu yiprosesa eyixhasayo. Iibhodi ze-server zangoku zenzelwe ukwamkela ii-CPU ezisebenza kakhulu, ezifana ne-Intel Xeon kunye ne-AMD EPYC processors. Ezi processors zibonelela ngeecores ezininzi, isantya sewotshi ephezulu, kunye neempawu zolawulo olushushu. Ukuhambelana nolwakhiwo lwamva nje lwe-CPU luqinisekisa ukuba umncedisi unokusingatha umsebenzi onzima ngokufanelekileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba i-motherboard ixhasa imodeli ethile yeprosesa oceba ukuyisebenzisa. Umzekelo, iiprosesa ze-Intel ze-Xeon Scalable zifuna iibhodi zoomama ezineesokethi ze-LGA 4189, ngelixa iiprosesa ze-AMD ze-EPYC zisebenzisa i-SP3 okanye i-SP5 sockets. Kwakhona, qwalasela i-chipset ye-motherboard, njengoko imisela inani leendlela ze-PCIe, iziteshi zememori, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.
INkxaso yeMemori kunye noKwandiswa
Umthamo wememori kunye nesantya zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kweseva, ngakumbi kwiinkqubo ezifuna iiseti zedatha ezinkulu okanye ukusetyenzwa kwesantya esiphezulu. Iibhodi zeseva kufuneka zixhase iindawo ezininzi zokubeka i-RAM kuhlaziyo lwexesha elizayo. Jonga ii-motherboards ezixhasa imemori ye-DDR4 okanye i-DDR5, eneendawo zokubeka ezininzi ze-DIMM zoqwalaselo olukhulu lweememori.
I-ECC (i-Error-Correcting Code) inkxaso yememori iphakamisa ukunyaniseka kwedatha ngokufumanisa kunye nokulungisa iimpazamo zememori, eziyimfuneko kwi-mission-critical applications kunye namaziko edatha. Cinga ngowona mthamo uphezulu wememori oxhaswayo kunye nekhono lebhodi yomama ukuxhasa iimodyuli zememori enesantya esiphezulu, ezifana nezo zingaphezu kwe-3200 MHz.
Iinketho zokuGcina kunye noQhagamshelwano
Izakhono zokugcina ziyimfuneko kwiibhodi ze-motherboards, njengoko zigqiba amandla omncedisi ukuphatha umthamo omkhulu wedatha kunye nokuqinisekisa amaxesha okufikelela ngokukhawuleza. Iibhodi zeseva zanamhlanje kufuneka zixhase iindawo ezininzi zokugcina, kubandakanya iSATA, SAS, kunye neNVMe. Iidrive ze-NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) zibonelela ngesantya esikhawulezayo sokufunda nokubhala xa kuthelekiswa nee-SATA SSD zemveli, zizenza zilungele usetyenziso oluphezulu.
Cinga ngenani leendawo zokubeka i-M.2 ezifumanekayo ze-NVMe SSD kunye nobukho babalawuli be-RAID abakwi-boardboard ukwenzela ukukhutshwa kwedatha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza. Qinisekisa ukuba i-motherboard ineendawo zokubeka ezaneleyo ze-PCIe zamakhadi okwandisa, njengabalawuli abongezelelweyo bokugcina, amakhadi ojongano lwenethiwekhi (NICs), kunye neeGPU.
Ubunakho bothungelwano
Uqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi lubalulekile kwiibhodi ze-server, ngakumbi kumaziko edatha kunye neendawo zezoshishino. Izakhono zenethiwekhi ezikhawulezayo, ezifana ne-10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) okanye i-25 / 40 / 100GbE, ziyimfuneko ekuphatheni ukudluliselwa kwedatha enkulu kunye nokunciphisa i-latency.
Jonga ii-motherboards zeseva ezine-NIC ezininzi ukubonelela ngokuphinda-phinda kunye nokulinganisa umthwalo. Ezinye iibhodi ze-motherboard zibonelela ngeeModyuli zoLawulo olukude (RMM) okanye inkxaso ye-IPMI (I-Intelligent Platform Management Interface), evumela ukubeka iliso kunye nokulawulwa kweseva.
Ukuthembeka kunye nokuqina
Ukuthembeka kunye nokuqina kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko iiseva zihlala zisebenza 24/7 phantsi kwemithwalo enzima. Khetha ii-motherboards ezivela kubavelisi abathembekileyo abaziwa ngomgangatho wabo kunye nokuthembeka. Iimpawu ezinjengee-capacitors eziqinileyo, iinkqubo zonikezelo lwamandla ezongeziweyo, kunye nezisombululo ezomeleleyo zolawulo lwe-thermal zinegalelo kubomi obude kunye nokuzinza kwebhodi yomama.
Izatifikethi kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino, njenge-ISO 9001 yolawulo lomgangatho kunye ne-RoHS yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, zizibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo zemveliso ethembekileyo. Cinga ngewaranti kunye neenketho zenkxaso ezinikezelwa ngumenzi, njengoko ezi zinokunika uxolo lwengqondo kunye noncedo kwimeko yokusilela kwe-hardware.
Iindlela ezisakhulayo kwiibhodi zoMama zeSeva
Ukudityaniswa kwe-AI kunye neZakhono zokuFunda ngoomatshini
Njengoko ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI) kunye nokufunda komatshini (ML) izicelo zixhaphake kakhulu, iibhodi ze-motherboard zeseva ziya zibandakanya iimpawu zokuxhasa le mithwalo yomsebenzi. Iibhodi zomama zeseva zanamhlanje ziyilelwe ukwamkela ii-GPU kunye nee-accelerator ze-AI ezikhethekileyo, ezinje nge-NVIDIA's Tensor Cores okanye iiYunithi zokuLungiselela iTensor zikaGoogle (TPUs), eziphucula kakhulu amandla okuqhuba i-AI.
Iibhodi ze-Motherboard ezine-slots ezininzi ze-PCIe kunye nenkxaso yoqhagamshelwano oluphezulu lwe-bandwidth, njenge-NVLink, zibalulekile ekwakheni iiseva ze-AI kunye ne-ML. Ukongeza, iibhodi ze-motherboard ezibonelela ngonikezelo lwamandla olomeleleyo kunye nezisombululo zokupholisa zibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kunye nobomi obude bala macandelo anamandla aphezulu.
Iimpawu zoKhuseleko ezongeziweyo
Ukhuseleko luphambili oluphambili kwiziseko zophuhliso lweseva, kwaye iibhodi zeseva zanamhlanje zibandakanya iimpawu zokhuseleko oluphezulu ukukhusela idatha kunye nokuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga. Iimpawu ezinjengeeModyuli zeQonga eliThenjiweyo (TPMs), uKhuseleko lwe-Boot, kunye nenkxaso ye-encryption esekwe kwi-hardware iba yinto eqhelekileyo kwiibhodi zeseva.
I-TPMs zibonelela ngesiseko se-hardware ekhuselekileyo kwimisebenzi ye-cryptographic, ngelixa i-Secure Boot iqinisekisa ukuba isofthiwe ethembekileyo kuphela eyenziwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqalisa. Uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo olusekwe kwi-Hardware, njenge-Intel's AES-NI okanye i-SEV ye-AMD (Secure Encrypted Virtualization), yongeza ukhuseleko lwedatha ngokukhuphela imisebenzi yoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo kwihardware ezinikeleyo.
UkuSebenza kwamandla kunye noZinzo
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kuyinkxalabo ekhulayo kumaziko edatha, njengoko ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokuzinza kwendalo. Iibhodi zeseva zeseva zamkela uyilo oluwonga amandla kunye namalungu okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nemveliso yobushushu. Iimpawu ezinje nge-dynamic voltage kunye ne-frequency scaling (DVFS), iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zonikezelo lwamandla, kunye nezisombululo zokupholisa ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zinegalelo ekusebenzeni kombane.
Iibhodi zoomama eziyilwe ngozinzo engqondweni zihlala zithobela imigangatho yokusingqongileyo efana ne-ENERGY STAR kunye ne-European Union's Eco-Design Directive. Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana nemigaqo engqongqo yokuchaneka kwamandla kunye nemilinganiselo yempembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
Ubungqina bexesha elizayo kwiZibonelelo zeSeva yakho
I-Scalability kunye noPhuculo oluNgakhona
Ubungqina bexesha elizayo kwiziseko zoncedo lweseva yakho kubandakanya ukukhetha iibhodi zoomama ezibonelela nge-scalability kunye nokuphucula okunokwenzeka. Jonga iibhodi ze-motherboard ezineendawo zokubeka ezaneleyo, iitshaneli zememori ezininzi, kunye nenkxaso yokugcina kunye netekhnoloji yenethiwekhi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iseva yakho inokuziqhelanisa nokuvela komthwalo womsebenzi kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji.
Qwalasela iibhodi zoomama ezixhasa ulungelelwaniso lweeprosesa ezininzi, ezivumela ii-CPU ezongezelelweyo ukuba zongezwe njengoko iimfuno zokusebenza zisanda. Ukongeza, iibhodi zomama ezinoyilo lweemodyuli, ezifana nezo zixhasa izinto ezishushu eziguquguqukayo, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kunye nokulula ukugcinwa.
Ukuhambelana ne-Emerging Technologies
Ukuhlala ngaphambi kokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji kufuna ii-motherboards zeseva ezihambelana nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo. Umzekelo, ukwamkelwa kwe-PCIe 5.0, enikezela kabini i-bandwidth ye-PCIe 4.0, kulindeleke ukuba ixhaphake ngakumbi kwiminyaka ezayo. Iibhodi zoomama ezixhasa i-PCIe 5.0 ziya kuxhotyiswa ngcono ukuze zikwazi ukuphatha amacandelo asebenza kakhulu kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokufanayo, inkxaso yetekhnoloji yememori yesizukulwana esilandelayo, njenge-DDR5, kunye ne-interfaces yokugcina, njenge-NVMe 2.0, iqinisekisa ukuba isiseko seseva yakho sihlala sikhuphisana kwaye siyakwazi ukunyusa ukuqhubela phambili kwamva nje.
Ulawulo olomeleleyo kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso
Ulawulo olusebenzayo lweseva kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso zibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla. Iibhodi zomama zeseva zanamhlanje zihlala zisiza nonxibelelwano oludibeneyo lolawulo, olunje nge-IPMI okanye izisombululo zobunini ezifana ne-Dell's iDRAC okanye i-HPE's iLO.
Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngokufikelela kude kwiseva, zivumela abalawuli ukuba babeke iliso kwinkqubo yezempilo, benze ukuxilongwa, nokulawula uhlaziyo lwe-firmware. Jonga iibhodi ze-motherboard ezinikezela ngeempawu zolawulo olubanzi, kubandakanya ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela, izilumkiso ezizenzekelayo, kunye nenkxaso yokudibanisa kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-IT ezikhoyo.
Ukubaluleka koMgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwiiMotherboards zeSeva
Yakha umgangatho kunye nezixhobo
Umgangatho wokwakha kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwii-motherboards zeseva zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuqina kwazo kunye nokuthembeka. Iibhodi ze-motherboard ezikumgangatho ophezulu zisebenzisa amacandelo e-premium, anje nge-capacitors eqinile, i-ferrite core chokes, kunye neenkqubo zokuhanjiswa kwamandla ezomeleleyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kwemithwalo enzima.
Iibhodi ze-Motherboard ezine-PCIe slots kunye ne-DIMM slots zibonelela ngokuzinza okongeziweyo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo ngexesha lofakelo okanye ukugcinwa. Ukongeza, iibhodi zomama ezine-PCB ezikumgangatho ophezulu (iBhodi yeSekethe eShicileleyo) ziyilo, eziquka iileya ezininzi kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa eziphucukileyo, zibonelela ngokuphucuka komgangatho wentembeko kunye nokusebenza kwe-thermal.
Iziqinisekiso kunye neMigangatho yoShishino
Iziqinisekiso kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino zizibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo zemveliso ethembekileyo kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Jonga iibhodi ze-server eziqinisekisiweyo yimibutho efana ne-UL (Underwriters Laboratories), TUV (Technischer Überwachungsverein), kunye ne-CE (Conformité Européenne). Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba iibhodi zoomama ziyahlangabezana nokhuseleko olungqongqo, ukusebenza, kunye nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo.
Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino, efana ne-ISO 9001 yolawulo lomgangatho kunye ne-ISO 14001 yolawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo, ibonisa ngakumbi ukuzinikela komenzi ekuveliseni iimveliso ezithembekileyo nezizinzileyo.
Inkxaso yoMvelisi kunye neWaranti
Inqanaba lenkxaso kunye newaranti enikezelwa ngumenzi yingqwalasela ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha iibhodi ze-motherboard zeseva. Abavelisi abathembekileyo banikezela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso ezibanzi, kubandakanywa uncedo lobugcisa, uhlaziyo lwe-firmware, kunye neenkqubo zeRMA (UkuBuyiselwa koMthengi).
Jonga ii-motherboards eziza kunye neziqinisekiso ezongeziweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-5 iminyaka, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye noxolo lwengqondo. Ukongezelela, qwalasela ukufumaneka kwamaziko enkxaso asekuhlaleni kunye nodumo lomenzi wenkonzo yabathengi.
Ukuqhawula phezulu
Isishwankathelo, ukukhetha i-motherboard efanelekileyo ye-motherboard kubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa ngokucophelela kokusebenza, ukuhambelana, ukuthembeka, kunye nokukwazi ubungqina bexesha elizayo. Ngokubeka phambili ezi zinto, unokuqinisekisa ukuba isiseko seseva sakho siyahlangabezana neemfuno zangoku kwaye silungelelanise nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yexesha elizayo.
