Ishishini lezindlu nezindlu likhula ngokukhawuleza ngokunyuka kwabemi behlabathi, kwaye kunjalo nesidingo sezindlu ezifanelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abathengisi bebhloko yokwakha kunye neenkampani zokwakha izindlu ezixabisa iindleko zinokutyala imali koomatshini bokwenza izitena ukongeza ukhuphiswano olukhulu kumashishini abo.
Iteknoloji yomatshini wokwenza izitena inceda amashishini avelise izitena ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ngenxa yoko, kukho iimodeli ezininzi zabenzi bezitena ezikhoyo, kwaye ukukhetha okulungileyo kunokubonakala kunzima. Esi sikhokelo sijolise ekuboneleleni ngamanyathelo alula ukunceda iinkampani zifumane oomatshini bokwenza izitena abangcono kwiimfuno zabo.
Isiqulatho
Intelekelelo yemarike koomatshini bokwenza izitena
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha umatshini wokwenza izitena
Iindidi zoomatshini bokwenza izitena
Intelekelelo yemarike koomatshini bokwenza izitena
Ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi jikelele koomatshini bokwenza izitena ezizenzekelayo kulindeleke ukuba bufikelele kwizigidi zezigidi zeedola ngo-2028. Ingxelo ibonisa ukuba ukunyuka kwemfuno yezixhobo zokwakha eziphuculweyo, ezisebenzayo, ezinoqoqosho, kunye ne-eco-friendly ngumqhubi omkhulu koomatshini bokwenza izitena.
Ezinye izinto eziqhubela le marike yezitena zehlabathi zibandakanya ukunyuka kwabemi behlabathi, kunye nenyaniso yokuba iinkampani zokwakha zikwafuna ukunciphisa iindleko zokwenziwa kwezitena. Batyala imali koomatshini bokwenza izitena ukubavumela ukuba benze izitena kwindawo yabo kunokuba bafumane iindleko zokuthutha izitena.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha umatshini wokwenza izitena
Ishishini lokwakha libonelelwa liqela labenzi boomatshini bokwenza izitena, bonke bekhuphisana ukuze babhenele kumashishini ngeemveliso zabo. Oko kwathiwa, ngaphambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile okanye umatshini, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, ezichazwe ngezantsi:
Price
Ixabiso mhlawumbi yinto yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa utyala imali kumatshini wokwenza izitena. Iinkampani zifanele zigqibe ukuba zizimisele ukuchitha malini kumatshini wokwenza izitena, yaye ukwenjenjalo uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwalo naluphi na utyalo-mali loomatshini lufanele lulungelelaniswe nengeniso yalo yangoku, isicwangciso seshishini, nesiseko sabathengi ukuze kumiselwe oko kunokwenzeka okanye okungenakwenzeka.
Iziqinisekiso zenkonzo
Umatshini wokwenza izitena ufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu, kwaye iziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba olu tyalo-mali luya kukhuselwa. Abavelisi ababonelela ngeewaranti kwiimveliso zabo baqinisekisa inkampani yokuthenga ukuba umatshini wakhiwe ngezinto ezisemgangathweni kwaye uhlala ixesha elide. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akucebisi ukuthenga umatshini wokwenza izitena kunye newaranti emfutshane okanye engekho.
Isikali sokusebenza
Inkampani yokuthenga kufuneka ivavanye iimfuno zayo kwizitena ngaphambi kokutyala imali kumatshini. Umzekelo, ukuba iprojekthi incinci, njengokwakha indlu elula, inkampani inokuthenga umenzi wezitena omncinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inkampani iphethe iprojekthi enkulu efuna izitena ezininzi, ukutyala imali kumatshini omkhulu wokwenza izitena kuya kusebenza ngakumbi kwaye kuxabisa ngaphezulu.
Isimbo sezitena
Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezitena, eziquka izitena zothuthu lwempukane, izitena ezivulekileyo, izitena ezidibeneyo, izitena zekhonkrithi, izitena eziqinileyo kunye nezitena zesamente. Ezi zitena zahlukeneyo ziveliswa kusetyenziswa oomatshini bokwenza izitena ezahlukeneyo.
Inkampani ethengayo kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba umatshini enenjongo yokutyala imali kuwo unokuvelisa izitena ezifanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zayo. Inokubuza abathengisi malunga nesakhono somatshini ukuphepha nakuphi na ukuphoxeka kwexesha elizayo.
Umgangatho womatshini
Umgangatho womatshini wokwenza izitena unqunywe yizinto ezenziwe ngazo. Inkampani ethengayo kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba umatshini abawuthengayo wenziwa ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezikwaziyo ukumelana novavanyo lwexesha.
Ezinye iindawo zoomatshini bokwenza izitena ekufanelekile ukuba zijongwe yimpompo, isilinda esiqhutywa ngamanzi, kunye nevalve kuba zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo ngokufanelekileyo. Inkampani kufuneka iphinde iqwalasele umatshini wokwenza izitena kunye ne-carbonated molds forming molds kuba zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zinobomi obude benkonzo.
Uhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobukhulu
Uhlobo lomatshini wokwenza izitena inkampani ekhethayo nayo ilawulwa yimpahla abazimisele ukuyisebenzisa ekwenzeni izitena. Oomatshini bokwenza izitena zodongwe basenokungafaneleki ukwenza ikhonkrithi yesamente. Oomatshini abahlukeneyo benza izitena ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo nto leyo ethetha ukuba kufuneka zikhethwe ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zeprojekthi.
Inqanaba lokuzimela
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo balawulwa ziinkqubo zolawulo lwe-PLC, oku kuthetha ukuba abafuni ukungenelela komntu. Zilula ukusebenza kwaye zinomthamo ophezulu wemveliso kunomatshini ozenzekelayo kunye noomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, zibiza kakhulu kunoomatshini bezandla kunye ne-semi-automated.
Ukugcinwa lula
Ukusetyenzwa luphawu ezinye iinkampani ezisilela ukuyiqwalasela phambi kokuthenga umatshini. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kwesiqhelo kuyimfuneko kubo bonke oomatshini bokwenza izitena ukuqinisekisa ubomi obude kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, ukuze kugcinwe iindleko eziphantsi kwendlela, inkampani ethengayo kufuneka iqwalasele ubukho beendawo ezisecaleni zomatshini kunye nokulula ukuyigcina.
Imveliso yomatshini
Ukuveliswa koomatshini bokwenza izitena kuyahluka ukusuka kumatshini omnye ukuya kwelinye, kuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha zabo kunye neempawu. Wonke umenzi wezitena kufuneka ngoko ahlole iimfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla zokuvelisa ukukhetha umatshini onokuhlangabezana nazo.
Iindidi zoomatshini bokwenza izitena
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena banokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezininzi ngokuxhomekeke kwingcaciso yabo, indlela yokusebenza, kunye nodidi lwekhonkrithi abayivelisayo. Xa inkampani isazi uhlobo lomatshini iiprojekthi ezifunekayo, ziya kubekwa ngcono kakhulu ukwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo xa kuthengwa umatshini wokwenza izitena.
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ezizenzekelayo
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ezizenzekelayo sebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuguqula ulawulo, ukugcina intshukumo ehambelanayo kunye nechanekileyo yokubumba kunye nokuphazamisa, ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ukuguquka. Aba matshini basebenza iiyure ezingama-24, bevelisa iibhloko zepava ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezitena ngaphandle kwemfuneko yomsebenzi wezandla.
Zilawulwa yinkqubo ye-PLC, eyenza kube lula ukusebenza kunye nokugcina. Uninzi lwabavelisi bezitena bayabathanda ngokusebenza kwabo ngokufanelekileyo, ukuqina, kunye nokuphumelela kweendleko. Zisetyenziswa kwiindawo zokwakha xa kusenziwa izitena ezidityanisiweyo, iipavers zemibala, iibhloko eziqinileyo, kunye neebhloko zekonkile.
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena abazenzekela ngokupheleleyo beza neepaneli zolawulo zombane kunye neesilinda zehydraulic ukuze kusebenze lula. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuphuhliso lwendlela kunye nokwenza izitena kwimizi-mveliso.
eziluncedo
- Ukusebenza okulula ngenxa yenkqubo yayo ye-stacker yokulawula inverter
- Inqanaba eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla asezantsi
- Unyango oluphezulu lwe-thermal
neengozi
- Ngokwexabiso eliphantsi
Umatshini wokwenza izitena ezizenzekelayo
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena semi-automatic zisebenza ngokuyinxenye ngokuzenzekelayo kodwa zifuna ungenelelo lomntu ukuze ziqhube iinkqubo zolawulo. Zifanelekile kwiiprojekthi ezincinci ezifuna imveliso ephezulu kwi-single kunye ne-double-hopper.
Ziyilelwe ukuba ziqhube iiyure ezingama-24 kodwa zinezakhono ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa. Owona matshini uncinci wokwenza izitena ezizenzekelayo uvelisa amaqhekeza aqhelekileyo angama-4,000, ngelixa eyona inkulu inokuvelisa iziqwenga ezingama-10,000 kwishifti yeeyure ezisibhozo. Ziyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zeprojekthi, ezifana neebhloko eziqinileyo, izitena ezingenanto, kunye neemveliso zezitena ezikhethekileyo.
eziluncedo
- Umgangatho ophezulu wemveliso
- Inkqubo esebenzayo ye-hydraulic
- Amandla asebenzayo
- Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi
neengozi
- Umthamo ophantsi wemveliso kunomatshini ozenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo
- Ifuna umsebenzi womntu
Umatshini wokwenza izitena ngesandla
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ngezandla zifuna ukuba umqhubi wondle izinto ezikrwada ngesandla kwi-mold, avuselele, kwaye umngundo uyangcangcazela ukwenza izitena. Zincinci kwaye zineziyilo ezilula ekulula ukuzisebenzisa. Abasaqalayo kwishishini lokwenza izitena banokuthatha inzuzo yexabiso eliphantsi lomatshini ukuze bazive malunga neshishini ngaphambi kokuba baphuculwe koomatshini abazenzekelayo.
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ngezandla banokwenza izitena ezingenanto, izitena eziqinileyo, kunye nezitena ezikhethekileyo. Kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezikhoyo, ubani usenokukhetha ukutyala imali kumatshini wokwenza izitena zothuthu lwempukane, kumatshini wokwenza izitena zesamente owenziwe ngesandla, okanye kumatshini wokwenza izitena owenziwe ngoxinzelelo olukhulu olwenziwa ngamanzi.
eziluncedo
- Kulula ukusebenza
- Kulula ukuyigcina
- Ixabiso eliphantsi
neengozi
- Imveliso ephantsi
- Ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba okuphezulu
- Ukusebenza okuphantsi
Umatshini wokwenza izitena ze-hydraulic
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ze-hydraulic ngoomatshini abazisebenzela ngokupheleleyo abanezikhululo zamanzi. Banokwahluka kokungunda okudityaniswa noxinzelelo lwehydraulic ukuze bakwazi ukubumba izitena ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha elifutshane.
Oomatshini bokwenza izitena ze-Hydraulic ezinomshicileli wetoni enkulu banokungangcangcazeli, banikeze ukubumba koxinzelelo oluzinzileyo. Lo matshini ufanelekile kwabo banamava okwenza izitena abafuna ukwandisa imisebenzi yabo kunye nemveliso. Zikwafanelekele iinkampani ezenza iithayile zepavement ezinemibala, njengoko inkqubo yombala wezondla yesibini kumbala wepavement ifuna amandla omoya.
Lo matshini wokwenza izitena ubumba izitena ngokukhawuleza usebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuvelisa imveliso enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuna uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olubalulekileyo ukuthenga nokuseta.
eziluncedo
- Esebenzayo kakhulu
- Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo
- Imveliso ephezulu yemveliso
neengozi
- eninzi
- Ulondolozo olunzima ngokwentelekiso
Umatshini wokwenza iibhloko zekhonkrithi
A umatshini wokwenza izitena zekhonkrithi ibumba iibhloko zayo isebenzisa ikhonkrithi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada. Umatshini osebenza ngokuzeleyo unomxube wekhonkrithi oxuba imathiriyeli ekrwada namanzi kwaye emva koko ugqithise umxube kumngundo ukwenza izitena zekhonkrithi.Imathiriyeli ekrwada yokwakha izitena zekhonkrithi ibandakanya isanti, isamente, isamente, amatye anqabileyo, kunye nothuthu lwempukane, phakathi kwezinye. Umatshini unokuba semi-automatic okanye manual. Inkampani eyenza izitena inokusebenzisa umatshini ukwenza izitena zekhonkrithi ezingenanto, iibhloko ze-concrete paver, kunye nezitena ezidibeneyo zobukhulu obahlukeneyo.
eziluncedo
Uluhlu olubanzi lwezitena, ukusuka kwi-manual ukuya kwi-automatic
- Umtshini unokwenza izitena zobukhulu obuhlukeneyo ngaphandle kokutshintsha ukubumba
- Iyahambelana nokusingqongileyo
- Izitena zomelele kwaye zifanelekile kwiimfuno ezizodwa zokwakha
- Iimathiriyeli ekrwada zifumaneka lula
neengozi
- Isebenza kuphela ngekhonkrithi
I-autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) umatshini
Oomatshini bekhonkrithi ene-aerated autoclave ukwenza izinto zokwakha ezikhaphukhaphu okanye ezinogwebu. Oomatshini bavelisa iibhloko, iipaneli zophahla, iipaneli zodonga, iipaneli zomgangatho, kunye nokunye.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa ikhonkrithi ye-autoclave ithatha amanyathelo amaninzi, kuquka:
Milling- Apho imathiriyeli ekrwada efana nekalika, uthuthu lwempukane, igypsum, isamente yeOPC, kunye nomgubo wealuminiyam zicolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa okugudileyo kunye nomgangatho weebhloko zokwakha.
Ukwakhiwa- Nje ukuba umxube ovela ekugayweni ulungile, ziqengqeleka kwiingoma zokudiliza. Xa i-slurry ifakwe kwi-molds, i-foaming kunye nokuqina iqala ukufezekisa amandla afunekayo kwisinyathelo esilandelayo.
Ukusika– Le nkqubo idla ngokuhlelwa kwi-tilt okanye ikhekhe elicaba, kuxhomekeke kwindlela umxube owenziwe ngayo kwaye uthunyelwe kumgca wokusika. I-tilt cut ikhawuleza kwaye ikhethwa ngabantu abaninzi.
Ukugoba: Emva kokuba iibhloko zisikwe zibe yimilo kunye nobukhulu obufunwayo, zithunyelwa kwii-autoclaves zokugoba. Ii-autoclaves zisebenzisa umphunga ukukhusela iibhloko kunye nokufezekisa amandla awoneleyo okusetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Oomatshini be-AAC banokuvelisa izitena eziqinileyo, izitena ezibunjwe ngu-U, iibhloko zekhonkrithi, kunye neebhloko ezingenanto, ezizenza zilungele iimfuno zabathengi.
eziluncedo
- Ikhaphukhaphu, kwaye kulula ukuyifaka nokuyiphatha
- Inokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal, oku kuthetha ukunciphisa ukufudumala
- Ine-insulation egqwesileyo yesandi ngenxa ye-air voids kwikhonkrithi ene-aerated
- Usebenzisa imathiriyeli enokuphinda isetyenziswe
- Izitena ze-AAC ziveliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu
- Izinto ze-AAC zinentubi kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana nomlilo
neengozi
- Imveliso yokugqibela ingabonisa umbala ongahambelaniyo kunye nomgangatho
- Kungumceli mngeni ukufaka kwiindawo zokufuma okuphezulu kuba ukugqiba kwangaphandle kufuna umphunga ophezulu wokungena ngelixa ingaphakathi lifuna ukungena okuphantsi.
- Ixabisa ngaphezu koomatshini bokwenza ibhloko yekonkrithi eqhelekileyo
isiphelo
Njengoko imfuno yezixhobo zokwakha zala maxesha, ezilungele indalo, ezoqoqosho, kunye neziphuculweyo ziqhubeka nokukhula, ukutyala imali kumatshini wokwenza izitena kunokuba ngumbono omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ifuna utyalo-mali olukhulu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini ofunekayo uhlangabezana neemfuno zomntu ngaphambi kokukhetha imodeli. Isikali somntu wokuvelisa izitena, inqanaba lokuzenzekelayo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nesitayile sezitena simisela ukuba ngowuphi umatshini wokwenza izitena ekufuneka ekugqibeleni awukhethe. Ngoko ke esi sikhokelo sigxininise ezinye zeengongoma eziphambili zokuqwalasela, ukwenzela ukuba amashishini angakwazi ukukhetha ngokuzithemba umatshini ochanekileyo.
