IiYunithi zokuLungisa iiGraphics (GPUs) ziye zaba lilitye lembombo lekhompuyutha yale mihla, inika amandla yonke into ukusuka kweyona midlalo ibonakalayo ibukekayo yevidiyo ukuya kukulinganisa okuntsonkothileyo kwezesayensi. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siya kuphonononga ilizwe elintsonkothileyo le-GPU, sikhanyisela indlela ezisebenza ngayo, izibonelelo zazo kunye nezinto ezisilela kuzo, kunye nendlela yokukhetha kunye nokuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo. Nokuba ungumntu othanda umdlalo, ungumyili womxholo oyingcali, okanye unomdla nje malunga netekhnoloji esemva kwesikrini sakho, eli nqaku lisango lakho lokuqonda ii-GPUs.
Isiqulatho:
-Yintoni iGPU?
-Isebenza njani iGPU?
-Iinzuzo kunye nezinto ezingahambi kakuhle kwiiGPUs
-Uyikhetha njani iGPU
-Uyisebenzisa njani iGPU
Yintoni iGPU?
IYunithi yoLungiso lweMizobo (GPU) yisekethe ye-elektroniki ekhethekileyo eyenzelwe ukulawula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuguqula imemori ukukhawulezisa ukuyilwa kwemifanekiso kwisithinteli sesakhelo esilungiselelwe imveliso kwisixhobo sokubonisa. Ngokungafaniyo neeYunithi zokuSebenza eziseMbindini (CPUs), eziyilelwe ukuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi yekhompyutha, ii-GPUs zilungiselelwe ukusetyenzwa ngokunxuseneyo, zizenza zisebenze ngokugqwesileyo ekusebenzisaneni nezibalo ezintsonkothileyo zezibalo ezifunekayo ekunikezelweni kwemifanekiso, iividiyo, kunye noopopayi. Oku kukwazi ukusetyenzwa okuhambelanayo kwenza ukuba ii-GPU zisebenze kakhulu kwii-algorithms ekufundeni koomatshini kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha.
Ekuqaleni, ii-GPU zaphuhliswa ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yokuthembeka kwegraphical ephezulu kwimidlalo yevidiyo. Nangona kunjalo, amandla abo sele amkelwa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya uphando lwezenzululwazi, apho asetyenziselwa ukulinganisa izinto ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nokudala umxholo wobuchwephesha, apho bakhawulezisa unikezelo lwevidiyo kunye nemisebenzi yokucwangcisa imifanekiso. Ukuvela kwetekhnoloji ye-GPU kukhokelele ekudalweni kweemodeli ezinamandla ngakumbi kunye nezamandla, okwenza imizobo eyinyani ngakumbi kunye namava omsebenzisi agudileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.
Uyilo lweGPU luqulunqwe ngamakhulu okanye amawaka eecores ezinokuphatha amawaka eentambo ngaxeshanye. Oku kuchasene kakhulu ne-CPU, enenani elincinane leecores ezilungiselelwe ukusetyenzwa kothotho olulandelelanayo. Lo mahluko usisiseko kulwakhiwo uvumela ii-GPU ukuba zigqwese kwimisebenzi apho kwenziwa umsebenzi ofanayo ngaphezulu kwedatha enkulu, ibenza babe yinxalenye yexabiso lemeko yekhompyuter yanamhlanje.
Isebenza njani iGPU?
Embindini wayo, i-GPU ikhawulezisa unikezelo lwemizobo ngolwakhiwo lwayo olukhulu oluhambelanayo. Olu lwakhiwo lufanelekile ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi enokwahlulwa ibe yimisebenzi emininzi emincinci, enokuthi emva koko iqhutywe ngaxeshanye. Xa isicelo sithumela umsebenzi womzobo kwiGPU, umqhubi weGPU uwuguqulela lo msebenzi kwifomathi enokuqondwa yiGPU. Lo msebenzi ke usasazwa kuzo zonke iicores ezininzi ze-GPU, ivumela ukusetyenzwa okusebenzayo nokukhawulezayo kwemisebenzi yegraphics entsonkothileyo.
Uyilo lwe-GPU lunamanqanaba amaninzi, kubandakanya ukusetyenzwa kwe-vertex, i-geometry shading, i-pixel shading, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukudityaniswa kwemveliso. Inqanaba ngalinye linendima ethile ekuguquleni imodeli ye-3D kunye nokuthungwa kwimifanekiso ye-2D ebonwa kwisikrini. Umzekelo, ukusetyenzwa kwe-vertex kubandakanya ukubala indawo ye-vertex nganye kwindawo ye-3D, ngelixa i-pixel shading imisela umbala wepikseli nganye ngokusekelwe ekukhanyeni kunye neempawu eziphathekayo. Le nkqubo ikhethekileyo yenza ukuba ii-GPU zinikezele ngesisombululo esiphezulu, imifanekiso ethembekileyo ngesantya esingenako ukuhambelana neCPU.
Ngaphaya kokunikezelwa kwemizobo, ii-GPU zifumene indima entsha kwi-computing yenjongo jikelele, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-GPGPU (iNjongo Jikelele yeKhompyutha kwiiYunithi zokuLungisa iiGraphics). Kwi-GPGPU, amandla okusebenza ahambelanayo e-GPU asetyenziselwa imisebenzi engeyiyo imizobo, efana nokulinganisa, uhlalutyo, kunye nokufunda nzulu. Oku kuguquguquka kwandise kakhulu usetyenziso lwee-GPUs, kuzenza zibe licandelo elibalulekileyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza kwekhompyuter.
Izibonelelo kunye neengxaki zeGPUs
Izibonelelo zeGPU zininzi. Ukukwazi kwabo ukuphatha imisebenzi emininzi ngaxeshanye kubenza basebenze ngokumangalisayo ekusetyenzweni kweebhloko ezinkulu zedatha, ukunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokubala lemisebenzi efana nokunikezelwa kwe-3D, ukukhowudwa kwevidiyo, kunye nokubala okuntsonkothileyo kwesayensi. Oku kukwazi ukusetyenzwa ngokunxuseneyo kwenza ukuba ii-GPU zibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo se-AI kunye nokufunda koomatshini, apho banokuqeqesha khona imifuziselo kwaye baqhube iiseti zedatha ezinkulu ngokukhawuleza kuneeCPU zemveli.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-GPUs azikho ngaphandle kweengxaki zazo. Enye yezinto ezingalunganga eziphambili ziindleko zabo. IiGPU ezisebenza ngokuphezulu zinokubiza kakhulu, zibenze utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kubantu kunye nakumashishini ngokufanayo. Ukongeza, ii-GPUs zifuna isixa esikhulu samandla kwaye zivelise ubushushu obuninzi, zifuna izisombululo zokupholisa eziphambili kunye nokunyusa iindleko zamandla. Okokugqibela, inkqubo yee-GPUs inokuba nzima ngakumbi kunee-CPU, ifuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla abo.
Ungayikhetha njani iGPU
Ukukhetha i-GPU efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho ezithile kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Kubadlali, iingqwalasela eziphambili zibandakanya isisombululo kunye nesantya sefreyimu ojolise ukudlala kuyo, kunye neentlobo zemidlalo oyidlalayo. Kwiingcali ekudalweni komxholo okanye uphando lwezenzululwazi, ugxininiso kufuneka lube kwi-GPU yekhompyutha yokusebenza kunye nomthamo wememori, njengoko ezi zinto zinefuthe ngokuthe ngqo kumaxesha onikezelo kunye nokukwazi ukucubungula iiseti zedatha ezinkulu.
Xa ukhetha i-GPU, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ibhalansi phakathi kwexabiso kunye nokusebenza. IiGPU ezikumgangatho ophezulu zibonelela ngokusebenza ngcono kodwa ngexabiso eliphezulu. Kukwabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba unikezelo lwamandla lwekhompyuter yakho kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa inokuxhasa i-GPU, njengoko iimodeli zokusebenza okuphezulu kunokufuna amandla ongezelelweyo kunye nomthamo wokupholisa. Ukuhambelana nebhodi yakho yomama kunye nendawo ebonakalayo ngaphakathi kwekhompyuter yakho zezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele.
Uyisebenzisa njani iGPU
Ukwandisa izibonelelo ze-GPU, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifakwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye abaqhubi bayo bahlaziyiwe. Abaqhubi yisoftware evumela inkqubo yakho yokusebenza kunye nezicelo ukuba zinxibelelane neGPU, kwaye ukuzigcina zihlaziywa kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhambelana nezicelo ezintsha kunye nemidlalo.
Kwabo banomdla wokusebenzisa amandla e-GPUs kwimisebenzi engaphaya kwemidlalo, enje ngokufunda nzulu okanye unikezelo lwevidiyo, isoftware ekhethekileyo kunye namathala eencwadi akhoyo ayilelwe ukuthatha ithuba lokukhawulezisa i-GPU. Ukuziqhelanisa nezi zixhobo kunye nemigaqo yecomputing efanayo kunokunceda ukuvula amandla apheleleyo e-GPU yakho.
isiphelo: IiGPU ziguqule imbonakalo yomhlaba yekhompyuter, zibonelela ngokusebenza okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwimizobo yonikezelo kunye nemisebenzi ehambelanayo yokucubungula. Nokuba ungumdlali weqonga, umenzi womxholo, okanye umphandi, oqonda ukuba zisebenza njani ii-GPU, izibonelelo zazo kunye nemida, kunye nendlela yokukhetha nokuzisebenzisa kunokuphucula kakhulu amava akho ekhompyuter. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, indima ye-GPUs imiselwe ukuba ibe sembindini ngakumbi, iqhuba izinto ezintsha kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
